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Triple Entente/Allies
By 1907 there were two major defense alliances in Europe. The Triple Entente, later known as the Allies, consisted of France, Britain, and Russia. The Triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hugray and Italy. -
1914 Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Heir to the Austrian throne, visited the Bosnian captial Sarajevo. As the royal entourage drove through the city, Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip steeped from the crowd and shot the Archduke and his wife Sophie. It led Austria-Hungray declared what was expected top be a short war against Serbia. -
Central Powers
Germany and Austria-Hungary, together with the Ottoman empire- an empire of mostly Middle Eastern lands controlled by the Turks. -
Schlieffen Plan
Germany invaded Belgium,. this Plan called for a holding action against Russia, combined with a quick drive through Belgium to Paris; after France had fallen, the two German armies would defeat Russia. -
Sinking of British liner Lusitania
Of the 1,198 persons lost, 128 were Americans. The Germans defended their action on the ground that the liner carried ammunition. American public opinion turned against Germany and the Central Powers. -
Sinking of British liner Arabic
deowning two Americans. Again the U.S. protested, and this time Germany agreed not to sink any more passenger ships. -
Sinking of French passenger liner Sussex
About 80 passengers, including Americnas, were killed and injured. America warned Germany. but a condition: if the U.S. could not persuade Britain to lift its blockade against food and fertilizers, Germany would consider renewing unrestricted submarine warfare. -
Battle of the Somme
The British suffered 60,000 causualties the first day alone. Final casualties totaled about 1.2 million, yet only about seven miles of ground changed hands. This is a bloody trench warfare. -
Zimmermann note
A telegram from the German ambassador in Mexico taht was intercepted by British agents. The telegram proposed an alliance between between Mexico and Germany and promised taht if war with US broke out, Germany would support Mexico in recoving "lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona." -
Committee on Public Information
to popularize the war, teh government set up the nation's first propaganda agency CPI. Propaganda is a kind of biased communciation designed to influence people's thoughts and actions. fformer is muckraking journalist named George Creel. -
Selective Service Act of 1917
The act required men to register with the government in order to be randomly selected for military service. By the end of 1918, 24 million men had registered under this act. Of this number, almost 3 million were called up. -
Espionage and Sedition Acts
a person could be fined up to 10,000 and sentenced to 20 years in ji=ail for interfering with the war effort or for saying anything disloyal, profane, or abusive about the government or the war effort. -
War Industries Board
The main regulatory bidy. reorganized under Bernard M. Baruch, a properous business man. The board encouraged companies to use mass-production techniques to increase efficiency. -
Food Administration
Bernard M. Baruch. The board encouraged companies to use mass-production techniques to increase efficiency. It also urged them to eliminate waste by standardizing products. -
National War labor Board
President Wilson establish it. Workers who refused to obey boardf decision colud lose their draft exemptions. Also worked to improve factory conditions. -
Second Battle of teh Marne
Several week after US troops arrived, US troops played a major role in throwing back German attacks at CHhateau-Thierry and Belleau Wood. In july and August, they helped win the second battle. The tide had turned against the Central Powers. -
Austria-Hungary surrenders to the Allies
the same day Germany sailors mutinied against government authority. The mutiny spread quickly. -
Establishment of the German Republic
group of soldiers and workers organized revolutionary councils. socialist leaders in the capital, Berlin, establish German republic. The kaiser gave up the throne. -
convey system
a heavy guard of destroyers escorted merchant ships back and forth across the Atlantic in groups. By fall of 1917, shipping losses had been cut in half. -
Cease-fire and armistice
germany signed armistice, or truce, that ended the war
