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France Vs Prussia
France and Prussia fought, France was defeated. This led to the creation of the powerful German Empire. -
Accession of Wilhelm II
Wilhelm refused to renew the Reinsurance Treaty with Russia.
Wilhelm helped create an alliance between France and Russia that became the basis for the future Triple Entente. -
Red Baron/Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen
a German fighter pilot with the Imperial German Army Air Service. He was considered the top ace of the war for being officially credited with 80 air combat victories. He also rode in a red plane to intimidate people. -
Kiffin Rockwell
Kiffin Yates Rockwell was born in 1892 in Newport, Tennessee. Rockwell was accepted by the Service Aeronautique, began flight training in September 1915. In May 1916, while on patrol at the front, he became the first American pilot to down an enemy plane. -
Russo -Japanese War
The outcome of the war was a major blow for the Russians.
The defeat also provoked a serious political crisis that led to the Russian Revolution of 1905. -
Entente Cordiale
Germanys militarism convinced Great Britain that Germany may soon establish itself as a dominant power. The British decided to enter into an alliance with France that came to be known as Entente Cordiale. -
Moroccan Crises
The Moroccan Crises brought the European powers on the brink of war. Both crises were provoked by the Germans with an aim to cause tensions between France and Britain that just concluded an alliance. -
Bosnian Annexation Crisis
Austria-Hungary decided to annex Bosnia and Herzegovina that was formally an integral part of the Ottoman Empire. Russia failed to win as firm support from France or Britain as Vienna enjoyed from Germany and accepted the annexation of the provinces.Serbia was forced to back down and the crisis ended. -
Italo-Turkish War
Turkish defeat revealed the weakness of the Ottoman army and disagreement between the European powers about the so-called Eastern Questions - the fate of the decaying Ottoman Empire. -
Balkan Wars
Montenegro and Bulgaria formed the Balkan League, a military alliance against the Ottoman Empire. the Balkan allies stripped the Ottoman Empire of its possessions in the Balkans and divided the conquered territory among themselves. -
Aviation
The development of aircraft was stimulated by the war’s requirements. The first recorded powered flight was in 1903 when the Wright brothers flew their plane. Pilots flew in cramped cockpits so carrying parachutes was impossible even if it had been allowed. -
Trench Warfare
Trench warfare becomes necessary when two armies face a stalemate, with neither side able to advance and overtake the other. During the First Battle of the Marne in September 1914, however, the Germans were pushed back by Allied forces. They subsequently "dug in" to avoid losing any more ground. Trenches were dug in a zigzag pattern so that if an enemy entered the trench, he could not fire straight down the line. -
Eastern Front
Fighting began on the Eastern front when Russia invaded East Prussia on 17th August 1914. This pattern of attack and counter-attack continued for the first two years of the war and meant that the Eastern Front changed position as land was captured and lost by both sides. Wars fought-Tannenberg, August 1914, Masurian Lakes, September 1914, Bolimov, January 1915, Lake Naroch, March 1916, Riga, September 1917. -
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assinated. -
July Ultimatum
Austria-Hungary presented an ultimatum to Serbia. Vienna. however, intentionally imposed impossible demands to Serbia in order to be able to declare war on its neighbor for ‘orchestrating’ the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. -
Austria-Hungary declares war
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. -
Treaty
Ottoman Empire (Turkey) and Germany sign a secret treaty of alliance. -
Germany declares war
Germany declares war on France. -
Western Front
The Western Front stretched from Belgium in the north to Switzerland in the south. Throughout the entire war, neither side gained more than a few miles of ground along what became known as the Western Front. -
Invasion
Germany invades Belgium , Britain then declares war on Germany. -
Austria-Hungary Invasion
Austria-Hungary invades Russia. -
Chemical Weapons
The French was the first to use gas. In the first month of the war, August 1914, they fired tear-gas grenades against the Germans. 100,000 wads of cotton pads was quickly manufactured and made available for protection against gas, and These were dipped in bicarbonate of soda and held over the face. -
Unrestricted submarine warfare
Germany declared the area around the British Isles a war zone. Basically, all merchant ships, including those from neutral countries, would be attacked by the German navy. -
Christmas Truce
In the midst of war and fighting, soldiers along the western front stopped fighting in an unofficial cease fire on Christmas. The truce took place along the western front in France where the Germans were fighting both the British and the French. -
U-boat Battle
Germany and Britain were involved in a naval race for mastery of the seas. Britain's strategy was to keep German ships in ports and to block supplies from reaching Germany. Germany's main strategy was to post u-boats in the Atlantic ocean and to destroy ships taking supplies from America and other countries to Britain. -
Sinking of the Lusitania
A string of attacks on merchant ships followed, culminating in the sinking of the British ship Lusitania by a German U-boat. it was carrying a supply of munitions, Germany used these two facts to justify the attack, it was principally a passenger ship. -
Tanks
Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest Swinton proposed the development of a new type of fighting vehicle.The tank was first used at the little known Battle of Flers. The idea of the tank came from a development of farming vehicles that could cross difficult land with ease. The first model was made on factory on September 8th 1915. -
Outer Banks
German ships and U-Boats would lurk off the coast of North Carolina, causing numerous skirmishes on American territory. The sheer number of causalities inflicted by the U-Boats gave the Outer Banks the unfortunate nickname of "Torpedo Junction." -
Zimmermann Telegram
Germany broke its pledge to limit submarine warfare. British cryptographers deciphered a telegram from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann to the German Minister to Mexico.offering United States territory to Mexico in return for joining the German cause. This message helped draw the United States into the war and thus changed the course of history. -
U-boat
U- Boat is an abbreviation of ‘undersea boat’. When the First World War began the German armed forces had 29 U-Boats at their use. In the first 10 weeks of the conflict they sank five British cruisers. In total Germany was responsible for the loss of more than 11 million tons of allied shipping. -
Russian Revolution
Russian Revolution of 1917–was Russia’s disastrous involvement in World War I (1914-18). Militarily, imperial Russia was no match for industrialized Germany, and Russian casualties were greater than those sustained by any nation in any previous war. -
Entry into the war
Americas entry into the war was well recieved by the Allies, because our military power was desperately needed on the Western Front after the loss of men at the Somme and Verdun. America's population of 90 million gave the military the potential to have a very large army. -
Contributions
America's population of 90 million gave the military the potential to have a very large army. In steel production, America produced three times as much as Germany and Austria did. America had been the provider of many war parts for the French and British armies while it was neutral. -
Woodrow Wilson's 14 points
- An independent Poland should be created which should have access to the sea, 14. A League of Nations should be set up to guarantee the political and territorial independence of all states.
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Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points
1.No more secret agreements, 2. Free navigation of all seas, 3. An end to all economic barriers between countries, 4.Countries to reduce weapon numbers, 5. All decisions regarding the colonies should be impartial, 6.The German Army is to be removed from Russia. Russia should be left to develop her own political set-up, 7.Belgium should be independent like before the war, 8. France should be fully liberated and allowed to recover Alsace-Lorraine. -
Woodrow Wilson's14 points
- All Italians are to be allowed to live in Italy. Italy's borders are to be "along clearly recognisable lines of nationality.", 10. Self-determination should be allowed for all those living in Austria-Hungary, 11. Self-determination and guarantees of independence should be allowed for the Balkan states, 12. The Turkish people should be governed by the Turkish government. Non-Turks in the old Turkish Empire should govern themselves.
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Economics of WWI
When the war began, the U.S. economy was in recession. The total cost of World War I to the United States was approximately 32 billion dollars. -
Armistice Main Conditions 6-8
6.The naval blockade would continue, 7.5,000 locomotives, 150,000 railway cars, and 5,000 trucks would be confiscated from Germany, 8.Germany would be blamed for the war and reparations would be paid for all damage caused. -
Armistice Main Conditions 1-5
- All occupied lands in Belgium, Luxembourg, and France,plus Alsace-Lorraine, held since 1870 by Germany were to be evacuated within fourteen days, 2.The Allies were to occupy land in Germany to the west of the River Rhine and bridgeheads on the river’s east bank up to a depth of thirty kilometres, 3.German forces had to be withdrawn from Austria-Hungary, Romania, and Turkey, 4.Germany was to surrender to neutral or Allied ports, 5.Germany was also to be stripped of heavy armaments.
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Armistice
It took place at the Forest of Compiègne in Picardy, France. It took place at about 5:00 AM. -
Conditions of Armistice
The Allies were going to tell Germany what to sign, they were in no mood to negotiate. The Allies issued an order to Erzberger that he should sign whatever the Allies placed in front of him. Then he signed the terms of the Armistice. -
Gunter
Gunter was the last man to die in World War One. Private Henry Gunter was killed at 10.59. . His unit had been ordered to advance and take a German machine gun post. The Germans knew that they were literally minutes away from a ceasefire. The Germans fired on their attackers and Gunter was killed. -
Lives Affected
THe lives of soldiers were affected because of the harsh condiitons. For example Sell Shock which was caused by the horrors that the men heard in the trenches. While most of the men went to war the women had to replace the men in the work force. Most of the soldiers could not even speak of what happened because it would torment them to talk about it. It took a very long time for the soldiers to recover from the expierences they had. -
Personal Conclusion
WWI was about innovaiton and new technology. It was about how America helped Great Britain, France, and Russia defeat Germany who wanted to have all the power and take over. In my opinion WWI opened new opportunities for technology, like planes, tanks, and submarines/U-boats.
