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- Wilhelm told Franz Joseph, the Austrian emperor, that he no longer expected a general European war.
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- Wilhelm rejected an Austro-Hungarian proposal that Habsburg forces occupy the ministate of Montenegro, an ally of Serbia.
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- The Home Rule Act is passed in Britain. Civil war with Ireland becomes a possibility.
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- Archduke Francis Ferdinand is assassinated
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- Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, beginning World War I
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- Multiple ambushes were conducted by the Russian army on August 26th, 1914, in one of the first battles of World War I.
- This military strategy failed because the Russian side's miscommunication spread and weakened the army, led by General Samsonov of the Second Army and General Lenenkamp of the First Army.
- Colonel Hoffman and General Ludendorff block Russian supplies and take enough guns and equipment back to Berlin
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- In the first Battle of Marne, radio intercepts and power transport were used for the first time in a documented war, so this was an important war.
- During the Paris Battle of Sept. 5, 1914, the French 6th Army commander Joffre drove a bus and taxi through the cracks between the French and British forces.
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- In World War I, the Allies attempted to gain the upper hand at Gallipoli but were unsuccessful.
- It was the beginning of a naval attack on Turkey's Dardanelles, which lasted from February 1915 to January 1916.
- It is estimated that more than 500,000 soldiers were lost in the battle that lasted until January, most of them in the retreating Allies.
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- One of the longest battles of World War I was the Battle of Verdun.
- German general von Falkenhayn's tacit desire to take as many French lives as possible led to the Battle of Verdun on February 21, 1916.
- Due to the deaths on both sides exceeding 600,000, the German commander removed General von Falkenhain from his post on December 18, 1916, allowing the Germans to flee.
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- This was important battle for Germany because this battle changed the course of the First World War. In WW1, they were unable to regain their former power and control.
- Although Germany retreated on the 1st of June, they claimed victory because they took down 14 British ships and 6,784 British soldiers compared to Germany’s 3,058 death.
- After the battle, the British claimed victory since they were able to maintain their blockade against the Germans.
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- This was a major battle on the Western Front involving Germany since it was a joint operation between British and French forces that badly damaged on German positions in France.
- As German pressure on the French at Verdun intensified, more action on the Somme became urgent. As the joint attack, the British would then take the lead in the offensive.
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- The attack was the first time that all four divisions of the Canadian Corps attacked together
- Vimy Ridge was essential to the British Third Army's advance to the south and of exceptional importance in 1918 in checking German attacks in the area.
- The success of the Canadians had a profound impact on the planning of the Allies.
- The number of Canadian casualties was 10,602, with 3,598 deaths
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- Canada’s great victory costed 4,000 of death and 12,000 injured.
- Despite heavy rain, mud, and enemy fire, Canadian bravely fought at Passchendaele where nie Canadians earned the Victoria Cross( “the highest award for military valour that a Canadian could earn”) (Veterans Canada).
- Canada’s victory at Passchendaele further enhanced its reputation as the best offensive fighting force on the Western Front. Thie led Canada to gain respext on the international stage.
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- The Battle of Amiens began on August 8, 1918, with the Hundred Days Campaign, a four-month period of Allied success.
- After surviving the German Spring Offensive, Allied forces launched their own counterattacks and advanced continuously into the fall of 1918.
- The British Expeditionary Force (BEF) combined the most scientific artillery methods with flexible infantry firepower, tanks, and aircraft at the time, setting the bar for future warfare.
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