-
Assasination of Franz Ferdinand
The Austro-Hungarian King, Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian terrorist group called Black Hand in Bosnia on June the 28th 1914. This triggered the beginning of the First World War. As Russia supported Serbia, Austro-Hungary waited to see if Germany would back them up first if they started a war. On July 28th 1914, Austro-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Serbia had the Triple Entente (later known as the Allied Powers) on their side and Austro-Hungary had the Triple Alliance (later know -
Western Front
The Western Front was the name the German’s made for the trenches stretching 700 km’s from Belgium’s coastline to the Swiss border. The trenches on each side were what all the soldier’s used as their “protection” against the enemies, yet each side had bombs thrown into them. Between the trenches was no-man’s land where they battles and waves of offensive soldiers were fought out. The leftover ANZACs that survived Gallipoli were also sent to the Western Front where they were greeted with the soun -
Period: to
World War 1
-
Period: to
Western Front
-
Battle of Lorraine
The Battle of Lorraine (also known as the Battle of Morhange-Sarrebourg) was a French invasion on Germany in Sarrebourg on August 14th 1914. The French were prepared but the German were strong so the French armies had to retreat. -
Battle of Lemberg
The Battle of Lemberg was between Russia and Austro-Hungary at the begginging of World War 1 in Galicia. The first major clash started in Krasnik and went for 3 days. The Germans and Austro-Hungarians tried to keep fighting but on the 11th of September, Commander Conrad ordered a retreat -
First Battle of Ypres
The First Battle of Ypres took place from October 16th to November 1914. The German’s pushed the Belgian’s back to Ypres. The French retreated to Ypres as well to strengthen the Belgian and French Defence. -
First Battle of Artois
The First Battle of Artois took place from the 17th of December 1914 to the 13th of January 1915. This battle was the first offensive move by the French after the First Battle of Ypres ended. This was part of the series of battles named “The Race to the Sea” -
First Battle of Champagne
The First Battle of Champagne started on the 20th of December 1914. Joffre, the French commander-in-chief hadn’t had much success in some of the other battles so he was determined to win this battle. The winter weather made the battle extremely hard as the machine guns were full of mud which made them practically useless and the trenches were filled to the knees with water causing plenty of other problems too. The French commander launched a big offense against the Germans on the 20th of Decembe -
Battle of Bolimov
The Battle of Bolimov was between the German Ninth Army and Russian Second Army. It started on the 31st of January 19 around the town of Bolimov on the Eastern Front. This was the first battle xylyl bromide (poison gas) was used in WW1. The German’s tried using poison gas shells but they were unsuccessful as the weather was so cold that the gas froze in the bombs and did absolutely nothing. The Russians tried attacking resulting in 40,000 casualties on their side and not really gaining anything. -
Gallipoli Campaign
As a lot of the Allied Powers soldiers were fighting the Western Front, the British War Council decided the ANZACs should attack one of Germany’s allies. At dawn on the 25th of April 1915, the ANZACs arrived by boat at (later named) Anzac Cove on the Gallipoli Peninsula fighting the Ottoman (Turkish soldiers). The ANZAC Campaign was heroic, yet a failure as they evacuated on the 19th and the 20th of December. There were 26,111 wounded with approximately 8,709 killed and there were 9 Victorian Cr -
Battle of Isonzo
Exactly one month after Italy declared war on Austro-Hungary, Italy attacked the Austro-Hungarians with a battle on the Isonzo River on the Italian Front. The battle started on the 23rd of June 1915. The Italians weren’t very strong and the border of the Austro-Hungary was mountainous. The Austro-Hungarians didn’t really feel threatened but the Italians and on the 23rd of June, the Italians attacked but were unable to break the Austro-Hungarian army. -
Battle of Flirey
The Battle of Flirey was between the German army and French army from the 19th of September to the 11th of October 1914. This particular battle that the German’s won, had a big effect on the war as it cut of all the railway lines and roads that led to the city of Verdun. -
Battle of Loos
The Battle of Loos was part of the Western Front by the British and French armies. The Loos Campaign began on the 25th of September 1915. They used 250,000 bombs during the 3 day battle. The battle was called off on the 28th of September due to failure. The British had 6 divisions in this battle and they called off the battle because of their shortage of bombs and their fatigued troops as they would then need to cross harsh terrain. -
Battle of Kosturino
The Battle of Kosturino was a battle between Bulgaria and Great Britain as part of the Serbia Campaign. The weather conditions were harsh and by the end of November already 1600 men were evacuated, many of them because of frostbite. The fighting started on the 4th of December. On the 6th and 7th of December 30 British soldiers were captured. The Bulgarians brought in reinforcements and on the 8th od December launched a big attack forcing the British to retreat to Saloniki then all the Allied for -
Battle of Verdun
The Battle of Verdun was the longest single battle in WW1. The battle started on February the 21st 1916 and ended on December the 16th 1916. The attack on Verdun from Germany was launched as Verdun was a historic sentiment for the French. There were a total of 60 forts around Verdun and the French could not allow them to crumble as they would feel totally humiliated. There were about 140,000 German troops and only 30,000 French troops. Plus the Germans had 168 planes in the around and approximat -
Battle of Somme
The Battle of Somme went from July the 1st 1916 to November 1916. This battle was a big impact on WW1 raising the number of casualties during the war. The British suffered 420,000 casualties, the French 200,000 and the German 500,000. The Battle of Somme started to relieve the French troops fighting in the Battle of Verdun by attacking the German’s and driving them away from The Battle of Verdun. The British didn’t think they would gain much with majority of their troops being young volunteers, -
America joins the war
The American’s tried to stay out of the First World War isolating themselves from the rest. They sold supplies to the armies in the war (making money for themselves) but that’s about it. After Germany sunk many of America’s ships, America declared war on Germany on April 2nd 1917 joining the Allie Powers. They entered the war on the 6th of April 1917. They sent over 4 million fresh troops really helping bringing down the Central Powers with the amount of people they brought in. -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
The people of Russia were fed up with the amount of casualties WW1 was causing so they had a revolution/ rebellion and a Russian communist killed King Czar Nicholas II and his wife. After much negotiation, the Russians signed a treaty in Brest-Litovsk withdrawing themselves from the Allied Powers of WW1 on the 3rd of March 1918. Because of the treaty, Russia lost 1 million square miles to the Central Powers and approximately 55 million people and majority of their coal and oil. -
Battle of Hamel
The Battle of Hamel was launched by the Allies on July the 4th 1918. This was when the German’s started to fall. Many of the German’s were getting influenza from their trenches. The Australian’s and American’s fighting the German line sin this battle caught the German’s by surprise. The Allies captured about 1,500 German’s but suffered the loss of 1000 of their own men. -
The end of WW1
World War 1 ended at 11am on the eleventh day of the eleventh month 1918. Germany signed an armistice agreeing to end the war. Germany were strong at the start of that year as Russia had left the war, but their attacks had all failed and since America joining the war, the Allies were greater in population. The German army told the government to tend the war. On November 9th, Kaiser Willhelm II left his job and 2 days later Germany signed the treaty. The Allies all celebrated marking the victory -
Treaty of Versilles
The Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28th 1919 in Versailles Palace near Paris between Germany and the Allied Powers. Germany had suffered from the most troops killed.
