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Creation of Triple Alliance
Otto Von Bismarck created the alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. -
Resignation of Bismarck
Otto von Bismarck was forced to resign by Kaiser Wilhelm II. -
Creation of Triple Entente
A plan started by Great Britain, and included France and Russia. -
Annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Austria annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina, causing more tension in the Balkan region. -
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Use of Submarines
Submarines were invented by Cornelius Drebbel in the seventeenth century, but were first used by Germany later. -
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Stalemate
The Western Front became deadlocked and riddled with war. -
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of France
Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophia, were assassinated by Gavrilo Princip of the Serbian Black Hand Nationalist Society. -
Austria-Serbia Ultimatum
Austria made an ultimatum with Serbia; Serbia knew ignoring it would cause war so they had an international conference. -
Germany Declares War
Germany declares war on Russia because of rising tensions due to Russia's military mobilization. -
Germany Declares War (Again)
Germany declares war on France due to Russia's alliance with France. -
Collapse of Schlieffen Plan
The Allies retaliated on Germany, causing the collapse of the Schlieffen Plan -
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Battle of Marne
Perhaps the single most important event of the war, according to the textbook, the Battle of Marne left the German Schlieffen Plan in ruins. It consisted of the Allies versus Germany. -
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Beginning of Trench Warfare
Parallel trenches were first dug on the Western Front for soldiers to fight out of. -
Attempted Capture of Dardanelles Strait
The Dardanelles Strait had been attempted to be captured by Great Britain, Australian, New Zealand, and France through the Gallipoli Campaign. -
Lusitania
Germany used its unrestricted sumbarine warfare to sink a British passenger submarine known as the Lusitania. -
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Russia Struggles with Resources
Russia struggles with having enough resources. They had not industrialized, and had difficulty competing with Western Europe. Also, supplies shipments were intercepted by foreign nations. -
Battle of Verdun
Germany attacks in Verdun against the French and were attacked by G. Britain in the Somme Valley. -
U.S. Joins the Fight
U.S. President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany after Germany resisted his protests to unrestricted submarine warfare. -
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Battle of the Somme
The British attacked Germany in the Somme Valley. -
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Announcement of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
Germany announced its use of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare, despite warning from U.S. President Woodrow Wilson. -
Zimmerman Note
Germany sent the Zimmerman Note/Telegram to Mexico, saying to join forces with Germany and then Germany would give Mexico its land back from the U.S. -
Czar Nicholas Resigns
Czar Nicholas of Russia steps down due to civil unrest. -
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Fourteen Points
Created by Woodrow Wilson in January 1918 in the midst of WWI; plan for permanent/long-lasting peace; FIRST FOUR = end to secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, and reduced national armies and navies #5 = adjustment of colonial claims with fairness toward colonial peoples #6-13 specific suggestions for changing borders and creating new nations/self-determination #14 = “general association of nations” for collaboration and protection regardless of size of nation -
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Germany and Russia ended their war with this treaty. -
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Second Battle of the Marne
It was the last major German offense on the Western Front. Still Allies v. Germany -
Armistice
Signed by French Commander Foch and a new German representative in a railway car, the Armistice ended fighting. -
Paris Peace Conference
A peace convention in the Palace of Versailles (where the Treaty of Versailles was born) featuring the Big Four: Georges Clemenceau (France), Woodrow Wilson (U.S.), Vittorio Orlando (Italy), David Lloyd George (G. Brit). -
Treaty of Versailles
Created at the Paris Peace Conference