-
350
Germanic Tribes Begin Migrating into the Roman Empire
In late 300s to seek warmer climate and better grazing land, and to escape the Huns -
378
Germanic Groups begin Invading and Taking over Roman Empire Land
Occurring in the late 300s-400s
They consisted of the Visigoths, Vandals, Franks, Angles, Saxons, and Ostrogoths. They rebelled against Roman rule, and were given land as a sign of piece after they killed the emperor in battle. -
395
The Roman Empire Splits
The eastern half became the Byzantine Empire, heavily influenced by Greek and Persian culture and art (replacing the Latin aspect), and the western half simply became the Western Roman Empire after being invaded and conquered by Germanic tribes. -
400
Romans Abandon England After Roman Decline
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Period: 475 to 1400
The Middle Ages
Also known as the Dark Ages -
476
Odoacer Overthrows Emperor Romulus Augustulus and Takes Over Western Empire
-
534
Corpus of Civil Law, Or Justinian Code, is Created
Created by Emperor Justinian, it revised laws and became the basis for most European legal systems. -
535
Hagia Sohpia is Built
In the Byzantine Empire -
555
Byzantine Emperor Justinian Reconquers Italy, North Africa, and Spain
Started in 533, and fought against the Ostrogoths and Visigoths. -
570
Islamic Prophet Muhammad is Born
Born in Makkah, died in 632 A.D. -
632
Jihads to Spread Islam to Other Nations
Arabs found themselves having the duty to spread Islaam as a Jihad (translating to struggle), or holy struggles to bring Islam to other lands. They acquired Palestine, Syria, Iraq, Persia, and Egypt by 650 A.D.
However, this reign ended in 1258, when the Abbasid Empire fell, and were almost wiped out by the Mongols. -
749
Islamic Empire
-
799
Slavs From Eastern Europe Invade Central Europe
-
800
Charlemagne Creates the Christian Roman Empire
Charlemagne, Frankish King, gave military aid to Pope Leo III to defend against Roman officials. Pope Leo then crowned Charlemagne the ruler of Western Europe -
800
Vikings From the Nordic Regions Invades Most of Europe
They traveled away from their overpopulated homes in the 800s and stole goods from other territories and burned them down after. -
800
North African Muslims Took Over Southern Italy and West Mediterranean
-
800
Asian Nomads Magyars Invaded Europe
-
900
Slav Settlements
-
901
Medieval Feudalism Begins
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Period: 962 to
The Holy Roman Empire
-
1000
Sea Routes Connected Western Europe to Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean, and Scandinavia
These routes were filled with goods being carried -
1000
Agricultural Advancements in the Middle Ages
Heavier plows were made to cut deeper into soil, collar harnesses replaced ox yokes to allow horses to participate in farming and worked much quicker. All this allowed cultivation and a higher production in food -
1000
Procedures for Arranging Loans, Transferring Funds, and Receiving Deposits Arise from New Money Economy
The Medieval people who coordinated these became the first bankers -
Period: 1050 to 1270
The High Middle Ages
It was also the period of the nine crusades, where western Europe wanted to take back Jerusalem from the Seljuk Turks. -
Period: 1096 to 1099
The First Crusade Begins
Pope Urban III wanted to take back Jerusalem from the Seljuk Turks in 1095. This goal was what led to the other crusades. -
1099
Holy Roman Empire Territory
-
1099
First Crusade Reinforces Authority of the Church and Inspired Self-Confidence to Western Europe
-
1100
Guilds Allow Merchants to Maintain Monopoly Over the Local Market
These were business associations. To accomplish what they sought, they restricted trading by foreigners in their cities and enforced uniform pricing. -
1100
Guilds Provided Medical Help, Unemployment Relief, and Sponsors for Events
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Period: 1147 to 1149
The Second Crusade Begins
Seljuks conquered the parts of Palestine run by the crusaders of the First Crusade. Called by Bernard of Clairvaux, King Louis VII of France and Emperor Conrad III of HRE lead armies into Palestine. However it was unsucessful. -
Period: 1188 to 1192
The Crusade of Kings
The third crusade consisting of King Philip Augustus of France, King Richard I of England, and Frederick Barbarossa of HRE. -
1204
Fourth Crusade Attacked Constantinople Instead of Retrieving Jerusalem
It was a Christian city. They burned libraries, destroyed churches, and robbed valuables. It ruined the Eastern Orthodox area's relationship with Western Europe. They severely weakened the Byzantine Empire, which allowed Muslims to progress further into Europe. -
1212
The Children's Crusade Begins
In the summer thousands of youngsters vowed to take back Jerusalem. It lasted from May to September, and it lacked official permission from the church. Although ending in failure, it inspired the Fifth Crusade. -
1220
Genghis Khan's Mongol Empire
-
1220
The Middle Class Emerges as a New Social Class Suring Henry III's Reign
They didn't fit into the nobles, clergy, or peasants. They obtained wealth from businesses and trade instead of land. -
1299
People Begin Using Other Languages Instead of Latin
They started using the languages of their own countries, such as English, Spanish, French, German and Italian. They spoke and wrote them, making them more accessible to others. -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
First began in Italy, then spread throughout western Europe -
1400
Regular Schooling Becomes Popular
Having a proper education became prominent during the Renaissance. Schools opened that taught Greek, Latin, history, philosophy, and other ancient subjects. Regular teachers took over for clergy teachers of the wealthy. -
1400
Humanism Becomes Popular
In the Renaissance. Humanism is when people began having thoughts of themselves and other ideas as worldly and secular instead of being influenced by religion. -
1453
Slavs Become Leaders of Eastern Orthodox Religion After Byzantine Empire Falls
-
1500
Mercantilism Rises
Theory that a state's power depends on its wealth -
1517
Martin Luther Calls Out Practices of the Church in 95 Theses
German Monk Luther opposed the Church's sales of indulgences, and wrote essays and the 95 Theses about the corruption within the Church. His writings led to the foundation of Protestantism. -
Period: 1517 to
The Reformation
When a demand for the Church to change their ways of preaching and teachings. Protestantism started to rise and have conflicts with Catholicism. -
1558
Elizabeth I Tries to Reunite People by Creating Anglicanism
It is the blend of both Protestantism and Catholicism. She began doing this after becoming queen. It pleased many but radical Protestants (Puritans) wanted no part of Catholicism. -
Catholic Reformation Sparks Baroque Era of Art
As the Catholics wanted to redeclare their teachings to the Protestants, Baroque was born, and expresses emotion, complexity, and exaggeration in buildings and art -
Britian Defeats the French in Seven-Years War and Received Much of N. American Land
Three years after the war the Treaty of Paris was signed, which gave Britain almost all of France's territories in North America -
The American Revolution
Starting from the Stamp Act in 1765, conflicts began to arise from the unfair taxes Britain was placing on them. The Boston Massacre was the first act of bloodshed between the two, and starting the war.
The Revolution officially ended in 1783 when Britain recognized them as an independent nation. -
The Declaration of Independence is Adopted