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The Gunpowder Plot
The Gunpowder Plot was a organized plot against Parliament and King James I by a group of catholic men lead by Robert Catesby, along with his catholic friends(because they hated King James for being a Protestant King). Among his friends was Guy Fawkes, who was chosen to set 36 barrels of gunpowder on fire in a cellar near the House of Parliament that the group had put there. But Fawkes was caught in the act and captured along with the group. They were beheaded for their crimes against the King. -
The death of Guy Fawkes and his friends
Guy Fawkes and his friends were very publicly hanged for their involvement in the Gunpowder Plot, their plot against the King of England and Parliament. -
The Start of the English Civil War
The English Civil War started when Parliament was not happy with King Charles l rule and involvement with them, so the supporters of Parliament started budding heads with the supporters of the King, resulting in the start of a civil war in England. On August 22, 1642, the civil war began between supporters of the king and supporters of Parliament. -
Thomas Hobbes publishes Leviathan
The ideas of social construct were early documented in Hobbes’ Leviathan. He stated that a person with absolute power should rule a nation, and should be responsible for ensuring the protection and prosperity of his people. -
The End of the English Civil War
THe supporters of the King fought against the supporters of Parliament, or the Roundheads, from 1642 to 1651. After many battles, eventually the Roundheads won and on September 3, 1651 the English Civil War ended. The Roundheads executed King Charles l publicly, making it the first time in history that a king was executed publicly. -
The Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution was when William of Orange and Mary took over the English throne form King James ll of England, after James ll fled from England after relishing he was not popular among the English people for his Catholicism. -
Montesquieu writes Spirit of the Laws
The book focused on separation of powers. He believed that no section of government should have too much power over the rest. He also believed that the size of a state would determine it’s type of government. -
The Industrial Revolution begins
People started to invent machines that could help out with everyday life. -
The Spinning Jenny was invented
James Hargreaves invented this to make it easier for people to sow. -
The Tennis Court Oath
The Estates General began to weaken when its framework led to a difference of opinion within the Third Estate. The Third Estate decided to stick with representing their right and opposed Louis XVI when he did not allow each delegate to vote. The Third Estate, which was made up of mostly Bourgeoisie, were locked out of a meeting of the Estates General, so they met inside a tennis court where they establish the National Assembly and reasoned to draw up a constitution based on popular sovereignty. -
The Storming of Bastille
When rumors spread about royal troops occupying Paris, many Parisians gathered outside the Bastille, a medieval fortress used as a prison to demand weapons and gun poweder. Chaos broke out, killing hundreds in the crowd. The mob broke through the barriers, finding no weapons. This event became a symbol of tyranny and a symbol of the French Revolution. -
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
First step toward a constitution. It was based of of the structure of the American Declaration of Indpendence. It stated all men were, "born and remain free and equal in rights." Natural rights to, "liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression." It also declared all male citizens equal before the law. French men were allowed to hold public office with "no distinctions on their virtues and talents." Asserted freedom of religions and taxed to be levied according to pay. -
The Execution of King Louis XVI
Thr National Convention held Louis XVI on trial for being a traitor to France. The king was then sentenced to death by a single vote. His words before he was killed were ignored as the crowd and drums masked them. He was sent to the guillotine, where he was beheaded. This was significant because people were now making decisions and held the power. -
The Reign of Terror
Many executions took place against the enemies of the revolution. People who went against the ideas of the Revolution were instantly put in prison and killed.If any ordinary person said someting counter-revolutionary, they would end up at the guillotine, a blade that beheaded people. 40,000 died during this time, sparking a terror. Nobles and clergy, middle-class citizens, and peasants were killed. Robespierre was behind the Reign of Terror. He stated terror would lead to the Republic of Virtue. -
Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin
Was used to quickly and easily seperate cotton fibres from their seeds. -
Napoleon Becomes First Consul
Napolean had demonstrated made successes early on in his life. His military career was prevelant when he drove out British forces out of the French port of Toulon and when he won victories against Austrians. His successes made him ambitious. He became popular in France as a hero. He became a political leader, and installed a Coup d'Etat. He later overthrew a Directory and set up a Consulate. He then took up a title of First Consul for life. -
Napoleon is Crowned Emperor of France
Napoleon had gained much power now to seize the title Emperor of the French. Napoleon held plebiscites to vote for in favor of his strong leadership. He promised to bring "order and stablilty." He invited the pope to Notre Dame cathedral in Paris for his coronation. Napoleon take the crown from the pope and places it on his head. He shows he wants to be the most powerful in Europe. He knew people supported him on his rise to power. -
The Battle of Trafalgar
The Battle of Trafalgar was fought off of Cape Trafalgar on the Spanish coasts. Napoleon and his French army decided to invade Britain. Admiral Nelson tried to stop him. When they all met, Nelson's Royal Navy had 27 ships while the Spanish and French had 33 vessels. The British captured and destroyed most of their vessels. This was a mjor victory for Britain. -
The British banned slave trade
This law was put into place because it was unfair towards dark skinned people and it breaches their rights. -
The Invasion of Russia
His Russian ally was not agreeing with his Continental System, so he made the decision to invade Russia, a mistake. He led many of his troops, the Grande Armee, into Russia. However, the Russians had a tactic of schorched-earth-policy that they used, in which the Russians burned everything as they moved East, leaving nothing for the French. Napoleon captured Moscow, but it was also destroyed. The weather was an element that did not help. The winter Killed thousands of his army. He was defeated. -
The Corset
Corsets were a big part of the everyday clothing for women during the victorian Era. The corset was made to make the women's waist smaller, they would lace them as tight as possible for the tiniest waist possible. Corsets were uncomfortable to wear, making hard to breath deeply and compressing their ribs and internal organs. Studies showed that wearing corsets during the Victorian Era distributed the natrual lung Capacity from 2% to 29% -
The Abolition of Slavery Act of 1833
Slavery Abolition Act, (1833), in British history, act of Parliament that abolished slavery in most British colonies, freeing more than 800,000 enslaved Africans in the Caribbean and South Africa as well as a small number in Canada. It received Royal Assent on August 28, 1833, and took effect on August 1, 1834. -
Samuel F. B. Morse invents the telegraph
The telegraph was used by people to communicate to each other using morse code. -
Queen Victoria
During this time period in Great Britian was known by her name. The Victorian Era, Queen Victoria took the crown at the age of 18. Her reign lasted over 63 years. She was the longest of any British Monarch, before the current Queen. She became queen when the monarchy was unpopular with the people, but she won them over with her modesty. She got married to Prince Albert, they had 9 children, but Albert died in 1861. Queen Victoria became a widow at the age of 20, she then started wearing black -
The Opium Wars
The Opium Wars were two wars in the mid-19th century involving Chinese disputes over British trade in China and China's sovereignty. The disputes included the First Opium War and the Second Opium War. -
Elias Howe invents the sewing machine
This machine was used in factories so that people didn't need to make their own clothes. -
Treaty of Kanagawa
A treaty allowing the opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade and permitting the establishment of a US consulate in Japan. -
Germ Theory
Louis Pasteur was the man who made the breakthrough and linked germs to disease', he discovered this theory by accident in 1857 when investigating why sugar beats soured unexpectedly. He proved his theory that sugar beats soured because of germs carried in the air we breath. He proved his theory by creating a experiment. -
Sepoy Mutiny
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a rebellion in India against the rule of the British East India Company, that ran from May 1857 to July 1859. -
The Berlin Conference
Since all the European countries wanted to get to Africa, they all had to meet at a conference to lay down rules for colonization.They decided that any nation could colonize anywhere, but they had to tell other nations and make sure the land wasn't already colonized. -
Coca Cola was invented by John Pemberson
Coca Cola was invented and sold to the public in Alabama, Georgia as a tonic, but soon became the iconic refreshment it is today. -
The Eiffel Tower
The Eiffle tower was built in 1889 by Alexandra Gustave Eiffle. The tower took about two years to built, it was originally built to be in a temporary part of the 1889 exposition. Some people thought that it didn't deserve to be called art. A petition was even written. The Effile tower was almost torn down after the Exposition, but it made its self useful by adding a radio antennae to the top -
The Dreyfus Affair
In 1894 a list of french military documents were found in the waste basket of the German Embassy in Paris by a women who was working as a mole in the embassy. The french counter-intelligence suspected captain Alfred Dreyfus. They accused him of being a mole,The French officials didn't have much on Dreyfus but they got some to make sure that someone was accused. A lot happened happened and Dreyfus went through a lot. But in the end with a new trial in 1899. -
Thomas Edison invents the Light Bulb
Thomas Edison was a inventor during the 1800s. He invented 1,00 inventions, including the lighting bulb, moving pictures, and the phonograph. In 1897 he harnessed electricity and developed the first lighting bulb. -
The first radio was invented
Nikols Tesla invented the first radio after the Supreme Court rejected Marconi's invention of the radio. Not many people know Tesla created the radio. -
Boer War in South Africa
The Boer War was fought between the British and the Boers, who were Dutch settlers of South Africa. The British wanted to control this same area that the Boers had settled, particularly when diamonds and gold were discovered there. This was the first modern "total" war. Britain won in 1910. -
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War was fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over rival imperial ambitions in Korea. -
Model T Ford
In the year 1880s the Germans developed a automobile, Henry Ford wanted to built one that everyone can afford to buy. People liked the automobile because the price never increased. By the year 1929 Ford was producing more than one car per minute. Even though that Ford wasn't the one who invented the first automobile people gav him credit for it. -
The Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand started the great war. Franz Ferdinand was in heir to the Austro-Hungarian empire. On the 28th of June he decided to visit Sarajevo to check on some troops but was assassinated by a Serbian terroist from a terroist group named Gavrilo Princip. -
AustriaHungry declares war on Serbia
Because AustriaHungry’s government believes Serbia is responsible for Franz Ferdinand’s assassination, they declare war on Serbia. -
Britain declares war on Germany
Germany defies Belgium’s neutrality’s treaty, which Britain does not like. They declare war on Germany, deepening the war further. -
The Christmas Truce of 1914
The Christmas Truce was a unbelievable event in 1914, when troops from both sides came together in No Mans Land and celebrated Christmas together, in harmony. They dismissed the war they were fighting to celebrate and enjoy the holiday away from their families and homes. -
USA declares war on Germany
After the Zimmerman telegraph was received, the U.S. joined WWl, joining the Allies to defeat Germany. -
Germany signs the Armistice with Allies
The official end of WWl. Germany signs the Armistice with the Allies on November 11, 1918, at 11:00 am. -
The Treaty of Versailles
The official peace settlement known as the Treaty of Versailles was signed near the beautiful palace at Versailles, near Paris. The treaty was very harsh on Germany and the resentment it created is often credited with the onset of World War 2. The treaty forced Germany to accept full responsibility for the the war and pay reparations, give up territories and reduce the army size to a meager 100,000 soldiers.
