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More goods, more leisure
–By this time the eight–hour day was established for many workers.
–This pattern work meant more free time for workers and made activities.
–Traveling was a favorite activity. Trains, buses, and cars made trips to beaches. -
Mass culture: Radio and Movies
–There was massive production of radios in Great Britain in the 1930s.
–Radios and filsm help that the governments had more propaganda and had more impact on the people. -
Artistic and literary trends
–WWI left people with senses of desesperation, sacre, and bad memories.
–People represent this feelings in paints and intellectual achievements -
Bombing cities: Britain
–London was bombed by the German air force for a long time, many people were killed and enormous damage was done. -
Bombing cities: Germany
–Britain bombed Germany.
–Millions of buildings were destroyed and half a millions civilian died
–The destruction of transportation systems and fuel supplies made extremly dificult the new materials reach Germany military. -
Atomic Bomb.
–U.S was afraid that Germany might made an atomic bomb, so U.S began with the experiment in Manhattan.
–The production cost 2 billion dolars and the employed of 600,000 people.
–The bomb was thrown on August 6 1945. -
Female function in WWII
–In the beginning of the war women just worked as cooks, office workers, messengers, and warehouse keepers.
–While the war was in expansion women could work as torpedo services, operate coast artillery etc.
–Then women had more rights like voiting. -
Mobilization of people: Soviet Union
–The people from Leningrad became so desperate of food that they ate dogs, cats, and mices. 1.5 million died.
–They made many weaposn, producing 78,000 tanks and 98,000 artilery pieces.
–Women had a more important role in indusrty. -
Mobilization of people: U.S
–It produced alot of militry equipment, they producd six ships a day and ninety–six thousand planes per year.
–Many African Americans moved from the South to the North looking for a good job. -
The Tehran Conference
–Presidents Stalin, Rooosvelt, and Churchill met in Tehran to decide the future of the war and the most important thing waht would happen with Germany. -
Mobilization of people: Germany
–It increase the armament production.
–The number of women working increase in industry, agriculture, and commerce. Women were more important -
Mobilization of people: Japan
–The government made a plan to control prices, wages, labor, and resources.
–There were traditions that the people sacrifice their resources and their lives.
–Women were not important. -
The Yalta Conference
–The same countries met again in Russia.
–One thing discuss was the creation of the United Nations.
–In the first mitting in San Francisco they disscused the divtion of Germany into 4 zones which would governed by U.S, Great Britain, France, and Soviet Union. -
The Potsdam conference
-Roosevelt died and was supplied by Harry Truman.
–Truman demanded free elections in Eastern Europe.
–They agreed that trials should be held of leaders who had comitted crimes against humanity during the war. Nazi leaders were tried and condemned at trials. -
Bombing cities: Japan
–The first atomic bomb was thrown in Hiroshima and Nagasaki by U.S.
–Many industries were destroyed.
–Japan was attacked by the biggest bombers of the war. -
UNESCO and Traditional music
–UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
–It purpose is being education and the conservation of the cultural heritage, has take concern about the rescue of traditional music. -
A new struggle
–Many in the West thought that Soveit policy was part of a Communist conspiracy.
–U.S, Soviet Union, and Great Britain were in a conflict, and they divided Europe into two -
Rivarly in Europe
–U.S and Great Britain believed that the nations of Eastern Europe should choose their goverment.
–Free elections will be ermitted and the would be anti–Soviet. -
Truman Doctrine
–The Truman Doctrine was that the U.S would give money to Greece that was threatened of Communist expansion. -
Marshall Plan
–U.S. was fighting againtst the Communism.
–The objective of the Marshall plan was to give 13 billion dollars to countries that had economic problems.
-Communism was succussful in countries with economic problems. -
Division of Germany
–Germany was divided into 4 zones: U.S, Soviet Union, Great Britain, and France.
-February 1948 Great Britain, France, and U.S wanted to unify the West part of Germany, but the Soviet Union opposed. -
New Military Alliances. (NATO)
–North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was formed in April 1949 wehn Belgium, Luxemburg, France, Netherland, Great Britain, Italy, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Iceland, West Germany, Turkey, and Greece signed a treaty with U.S and Canada.
–They agreed that if one country was attaceted they would help it -
The Arms Race
–Soviet Union and U.S were competing to see who had the best weapons, because the believed that having this arsenals would prevent a war.
–In 1949 the Soviet Union set off its first atomic bomb -
New Military Alliances. (Warsaw Pact)
–This was like the NATO.
–This agreement was the Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.
–There were 2 different alliances. -
The contrast between wealth and poverty
–After the Second World War began the golden years the economy was great.
–The world´s manufacturing production quadrupled in the 1950s and 1960s.
–U.S was the country with more economic power.
–The first supermarkets were oponed people now could leave much better. -
A Wall in Berlin
–It was built because the people living in the East of Germany were tired of the Communism and they tried to escape to West Germany, and with the wall they can not escape. -
The Diverity of ideas
–After the WWII came many movements like the existentialist who said that life was absurd and death was inescapable.
–Some famous pacifist are Martin Luther King, he achieved the black civil right. Mahata Ghandi got the Indian independence with his non–violnece policy -
Cuban Missile Crisis
–President Kennedy found that the Soviet Union sent ships carrying missiles to Cuba.
–Kennedy tried to stop them and Khrushchev who was the leader of the Soviet Union agreed but if U.S didn't invade Cuba. -
Vietnam and the Domino Theory
–U.S trops werte sent to Vietnam their purpose was to stop the Communist regime of North VIetnam to invade South Vietnam.
–It was called Domino Theory because if the Communism succeeded in South Vietnam then it will spread all over Asia like dominoes. -
The war industry in times of peace
–The human beings become more ingenious and creative in bad things like weapons, bombs etc, than in things like education, better live to the citizens etc.
–An example could be that the nuclear energy was used first for the manufacturing of the atomic bomb and later for medicinal use. -
Environmental problems and landscape changes
–While industries satisfy the people´s needs at the same time they pollute the air, water, and soil.
–All human developments make enviromental diseases that affect our lives and makes our life expectancy lower.
