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Period: 1300 to
The Renaissance
The "rebirth". It altered how Europeans viewed themselves. Artistic and philosophical movement and renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman literature and life. -
1439
Johannes Gutenberg
He invented the printer. He mostly printed the Bible. -
1455
Prince Henry of Portugal
Portugal explorer. Explored western Africa, the islands of the Atlantic Ocean, and other routes -
1483
Nicolaus Copernicus
Establisihed the concept of heliocentric solar system -
1497
Vasco da Gama
Was the first person to sail directly from Europe to India -
1501
Michelangelo
Was a famous artist from the Italian Renaissance. He created the statue of David. -
1502
Henry VIII
Was king of England. Was the "Father of the British Navy." -
1502
Christopher Columbus
Made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean and explored the America -
1503
Leonardo da Vinci
Was a artist and is most famous for painting the Mona Lisa. -
1516
Desiderius Erasmus
The first editor of the New Testament, and was an important figure in classical literature -
1517
Martin Luther
Was involved in the Protestant Reformation and wrote the 95 Theses. -
Period: 1517 to
The Reformation
People like Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VII that found new religions and ideas against the Catholic Church. The Reformation happened all over Europe and the Thirty Years War happened during this time. -
1521
Hernan Cortez
A Spanish conquistador who overthrew the Aztec empire and won Mexico -
1534
Jacques Cartier
Explored the St. Lawrence River and gave Canada its name. -
1534
St. Ignatius de Loyola
Founded the Jesuits -
1535
Francisco Pizarro
Discovered the Pacific Ocean and founded the city, Lima. -
1542
John Calvin
Was a Protestant reformer -
Period: 1550 to
The Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution was a time period when a lot of scientist learned and discovered new things. This happened because of curiosity and questioning of old ways. -
1558
Elizabeth I
Was queen of England and Ireland. Elizabeth's reign is known as the Elizabethan era -
1577
Francis Drake
Circumnavigated the globe -
William Shakespeare
Was a writer and wrote plays like Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet -
Period: to
European Exploration
Europeans explored because of God, glory, and gold. People like Vasco da Gama, Francis Drake, Hernando Cortez, and many more had a big influence on exploration.. Europeans brought a lot of disease and new things to the new countries -
Miguel de Cervantes
Was a Spanish poet, playwright, and novelist. His most famous novel was "Don Quixote" -
Johannes Kepler
Came up with the 3 laws of planetary motion -
Galileo Galilei
Known for making telescopes. He discovered Jupiters four massive moons. -
Period: to
Absolute Monarchies
Absolute Monarchs were Louis XIV, Peter the Great, and Fredrick the Great. They controlled most of Europe during this time. -
William Harvey
He was the first to correctly state how circulatory system works in our bodies and is known as the founder of modern physiology. -
Charles l
Was king of England, Scotland, and Ireland. He began the English Civil war -
Period: to
English Civil War
Puritans in Parliament try to take power from the king which starts the Restoration. -
Oliver Cromwell
He served as "lord protector" of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland -
Charles II
Was the monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland during the Restoration era. -
William and Mary
King and Queen of England -
Louis XVI
Was an absolute monarch and was called the sun king. He built the palace of Versailles. -
Louis XIV
Was an absolute monarch for France and revoked the Edict of Nantes. He also had a aggressive foreign policy. -
Period: to
The Enlightenment
Was intellectual movement. They Emphasized the right of self-expression and human fulfillment. The Enlightenment paved the way for the American and French revolution. -
Issac Newton
Proposed the laws of gravity and motion and built the first light reflecting telescope -
Period: to
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution was the overthrow of King James II of England -
John Locke
He believed n life, liberty, and property. Wrote treaties on the government -
Thomas Hobbes
Wrote the Leviathan. Believed in absolute monarchy, -
Peter the Great
Was ruler of Russia and was a strong military leader. Founded the city of St. Petersburg. -
Frederick the Great
Ruled Prussia and had great military power. Tried to escape Prussia but was unsuccessful. -
Baron de Montesquieu
He wrote the Spirit of Laws which was about the separation of power -
Voltaire
Was a french philosopher who wrote about freedom of speech, religion, and separation of church and state. -
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Wrote the social contract and believed in popular sovereignty -
Period: to
The French Revolution
During this time everyone was divided into 3 estates. All of the estates were mad because they believed they were not treated correctly. The storming of the Bastille occurred during this time and created the Great Fear. Moderates eventually regain control and write the Constitution of 1795. -
Napoleon Bonaparte
He was the first emperor of France and was a highly respected military leader. -
Eugene Delacroix
Known as the leader of the French Romanic era and painted the "Liberty Leading the People" and "The Death of Sardanapalus".
