-
Period: 250 to 900
Maya
Northern Central America.
/They have developed a written language of hieroglyphs and invented the mathematical concept of zero. -
Period: 300 to 1100
Ghana
West Africa/Gained independence from Britain in 1957, becoming the first sub-Saharan nation to break free from colonial rule. -
Period: 320 to 550
Gupta Empire
The Indian subcontinent/Developed advancements in Science, Engineering, art, dialectics, laterature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, religion, and philosophy. -
Period: 330 to 1453
Byzantine Empire
Land surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, including what is now Italy, Greece, and Turkey along with portions of North Africa and the Middle East. Byzantine civilization blended Christian religious beliefs with Greek science, philosophy, arts, and literature. They also extended Roman achievements in engineering and law. -
Period: 618 to
Imperial Cina
Asia/Papermaking, printing, gunpowder and the compass -
Period: 632 to 1258
Rashidun-Abbasid Caliphates
Middle East-North Africa + Asia and Europe.
Dams, reservoirs, and aqueducts + Finding the direction of Mecca for prayer. -
Period: 800 to
Holy Roman Empire
Western and central Europe/Conquered vast amounts of land in Europe and northern Africa, built roads and aqueducts, and spread Latin, their language, far and wide. -
Period: 1200 to 1533
Inca
South America/Built roads across the length of and width of their empire. -
Period: 1235 to
Mali
West Africa/Advancements in education, architecture, and the establishment of Islam as a main religion in Western and Northern Africa. -
Period: 1300 to 1521
Aztec
North America/The development of mathematics, the canoe, the highly specialized Aztec calendar, and remarkably helpful forms of medicine. -
Period: 1375 to
Songhai
Western Africa/Advanced irrigation and agricultural systems which allowed it to become a major trading center. -
Period: to
Japan
East Asia/Shinto religion and its architecture, distinctive art objects such as haniwa figurines, the oldest pottery vessels in the world + Prevented foreign states from strangling Japan by blocking its access to raw materials and crucial sea-lanes.