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Period: 3100 BCE to 300 BCE
Ancient Egypt
The Egyptian women, especially those of higher status, adorned their clothing and their bodies. Women wore jeweled collars to accent their dresses. Makeup was also very common, ranging from henna to mashed insects, fingers and feet were often dyed with red henna, nipples and breast veins were enhanced with blue and gold accents, green eye shadow on upper and lower lids, red rouge, blue black lipstick, wigs. -
Period: 3100 BCE to 700 BCE
Nomadic Life
This time period consisted of nomadic people. These people are people who constantly move to find food, either because they have exhausted that area of food or after weather changes at the end of the season, instead of finding a permanent place of living. Women would gather food; this was a safer practice because of its higher probability and shelf life. At this time, women were seen as equals. -
Period: 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE
Hammurabi’s Code
Under Hammurabi’s code, women shared equal authority with men over their children, could own property, even after marriage, and could will their property to anyone they pleased, could inherit property, received dowry when married, could serve as judges, elders, witnesses, and scribes (uncommon in other cultures). Despite the ‘rights’ of women, women were still considered property. -
Period: 1508 BCE to 1458 BCE
Hatshepsut
Rose to power when her father(the pharaoh) died and she married her half-brother, Thutmose II. Her half-brother’s son, Thutsome III, was too young for the throne, so Hatshepsut assumed the role(1479 BC). When Thutsome III was of age to govern Egypt, his aunt wouldn’t back down, so they ruled together. She wore traditional clothing as pharaoh men’s- the beard, headdress, and kilt. She maintained the disguise of a man even after her death, as she was buried in The Valley of the Kings -
Period: 1508 BCE to 1458 BCE
Hatshepsut cont.
Some of her notable accomplishments as Pharaoh were that she established trade routes, increasing trade for Egypt, successfully defended Egypt from enemies, one being the Nubians, restored many of the Egyptian Kingdom’s ancient ruins and built beautiful new structures, including a breathtaking temple dedicated to herself. She ruled for 22 years. -
Period: 753 BCE to 476
Ancient Rome
Women were citizens, but could not vote or hold office. Women were under their father’s supervision and rule until he arranged a marriage. Men valued marriage and family. Women were free to attend public baths and games. Some women owned or ran businesses. Divorce was easy and common. Once a woman bore 3 lives babies(4 if a former slave), she was recognized as legally independent. -
Period: 400 BCE to 500
Jewish Culture
It was a patriarchal Society. Women’s lives were centered on their families. They would get married in their teens. Women were limited in where they could go in public. They participated in commercial transactions including buying and selling land and livestock. They could own land and bring cases to court. Mariam was an important woman, she was the older sister of Moses and Aaron, and a prophetess in her own right. She helped Moses and Aaron lead the Children of Israel out of Egyptian bondage. -
Period: 58 BCE to 29
Livia Drusilla
Livia was the wife of the first Roman Emperor Augustus. She was probably the most powerful woman in the history of Ancient Rome. Livia exerted considerable influence over her husband. She also made sure that her son Tiberius was named emperor after Augustus died. -
Period: 500 to 1400
Middle Ages
Women in the Middles Ages had incomplete diets and often suffered from anemia caused by insufficient iron in the food. This made them vulnerable to a number of fatal diseases. They had to do backbreaking work. They had rudimentary medical care and because of this women died in astonishing numbers. Feudalism began to give some order and protection to the scattered villages and tribes. Chivalry, the mannerly way of treating a women, developed from the knighthood during the Middle Ages began. -
Period: 1300 to
European Renaissance
It was a historical era with distinctive themes in learning, politics, literature, art, religion, social life, and music. The changes from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance were significant, but not as great as historians once thought. Renaissance developments influenced subsequent centuries. Renaissance created the “modern” century. Humanism was a belief that the literary, and scientific works of ancient Greece and Rome provided the best guides for learning and living. -
Period: 1412 to 1431
Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc, nicknamed "The Maid of Orléans," was born in 1412 in Domrémy, Bar, France. A national heroine of France, at age 18 she led the French army to victory over the English at Orléans. Captured a year later, Joan was burned at the stake as a heretic by the English and their French collaborators. She was canonized as a Roman Catholic saint more than 500 years later, on May 16, 1920. -
Period: to
Anne Hutchinson
Anne Hutchinson organized weekly meetings of Boston women to discuss recent sermons and to give expression to her own theological views. The male rulers thought what she was doing was wrong and banished her from their community. She challenged the male patriarchy -
Period: to
18th Century
In the 1700s pregnancy was difficult. There were no anesthetics and women quite often died in childbirth. Infant mortality was high. About one child in four died before their fifth birthday. Most married women had several children but not all would survive. Women wore bodices and hooped petticoats under their dresses. Fashion was very important for the rich in the 18th century but poor people's clothes hardly changed at all. In the 18th century pale skin and dark eyebrows were fashionable. -
Period: to
Catharine II
Catherine II, often called Catherine the Great, was born in Prussia in 1729 and married into the Russian royal family in 1745. Shortly after her husband ascended to the throne as Peter III, Catherine orchestrated a coup to become empress of Russia in 1762. Remembered in large part for her romantic liaisons, Catherine also expanded Russian territories and sought to modernize its culture through progressive views on arts and education. Catharine was an absolute ruler in Russia for almost 3 years -
Period: to
19th Century
Most doctors of the period believed that "true" women felt little or no sexual desire, and that only abnormal or "pathological" women felt strong sexual desire. Male sexual desire was acknowledged. Coupled with the absence of appropriate birth control, sex within marriage usually meant frequent pregnancy, especially as most areas had laws which guaranteed a husband his "rights" to his wife's body. The death rate for a woman delivering a child was 1 in 200 in 1870. -
Period: to
Susan B. Anthony
The 19th century women’s movement’s most powerful organizer. Together with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony fought for women’s right to vote. She was also very involved in the fight against slavery and the temperance campaign to limit the use of alcohol. -
Period: to
20th Century
In 1900, women’s legal standing was fundamentally governed by their marital status with very few rights. A married woman had no separate legal identity from that of her husband. She had no right to control her biological reproduction, and no right to sue or be sued since she had no separate standing in court. She had no right to own property in her own name or to pursue a career of her choice. -
Period: to
20th Century cont.
Women could not vote, serve on juries, or hold public office. According to the Supreme Court, they were not "persons" under the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which guarantees equal protection under the law. -
Period: to
Rosa Parks
Civil rights activist Rosa Parks (February 4, 1913 to October 24, 2005) refused to surrender her seat to a white passenger on a segregated Montgomery, Alabama bus, which spurred on the 381-day Montgomery Bus Boycott that helped launch nationwide efforts to end segregation of public facilities. The city of Montgomery had no choice but to lift the law requiring segregation on public buses. Rosa Parks received many accolades during her lifetime, including the NAACP's highest award. -
Period: to
Oprah Winfrey
An actress and the host of a highly successful talk show, Oprah Winfrey has won several Emmy Awards. She has started her own TV production company and invested in media projects. She has also been a spokesperson for women's health and family issues and for the prevention of child abuse. -
Period: to
Present Day
In Present day, woman have many rights compared to what they did last century. Women are able to stand up for themselves, represent themselves, be independent, and fight for what they believe in now. Women are allowed to dress how every they want, although there will more than likely be judgments made against them. Women are not equal to men, yet, but they are working on it to fully be equal to men, in many aspects of life.
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