-
200
Slavic Land
-
330
Constantine built Constantinople
-
370
Germanic Invasions into Rome
late 300s, Germanic peoples migrated into the empire for warmer climate and better grazing land. -
Period: 378 to 476
Germanic groups extended their hold on Roman territory
378 - Rebelled Roman rule.
410 - Visigothic chief led his people to Italy, capturing and sacking Rome.
451 - Romans and Visigoths combined to stop the Huns.
453 - The Huns retreated to eastern Europe.
455 - The Vandals raided and sacked Rome.
476 - German soldier seized control of Rome. -
395
Roman Empire Divided
the eastern half became known as the Byzantine Empire -
400
Franks settled in modern day France and western Germany
-
400
Romans abandoned Britain
-
Period: 527 to 565
Justinian and Theodora
Byzantine Empire was ruled by Justinian. Theodora, his wife, was politically talented and helped him rule without challenge after the first invasion. -
570
Birth of Muhammad
Muslim prophet -
Period: 650 to 1258
Jihads
Islamic holy struggle -
Period: 700 to 1050
Feudalism
700 - tie between military service and land ownership characterized feudalism.
900 - took hold of northern France. Rankings:
first - kings
middle - lords
lower middle - vassals, a noble who served the next higher ranked lord.
bottom - knights Vassals officiated their loyalty to their lord through a ceremony called homage. Vassals pledged to feeding their lord when they visited, paying their ransoms, offering gifts, etc. -
750
Islamic Conquests
-
768
Charlemagne became Frankish King
nearly doubled the borders of his kingdom, soon became known as the Frankish Empire.
revived learning. -
800
Christian Roman Empire
Charlemagne was named emperor by the Pope -
800
Holy Roman Empire
-
Period: 800 to 1000
The Viking Invasions
raiders from Scandinavia
"to go a-viking" - to fight as a warrior. -
Period: 800 to
The Holy Roman Empire
-
Period: 871 to 899
Alfred ruled Anglo-Saxon England
-
886
Alfred the Great
united the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and defeated the Danes -
955
King Otto defeated the Magyars at the Battle of Lechfeld
-
962
Pope crowned Otto Roman emperor
-
1000
Nomadic clans roamed the steppe of central Asia
-
1000
The Turks
The first people of the steppes to engage in conquest.
The Seljuk Turks, a group of Muslim Turks, moved from central Asia to the Middle East. -
1000
The Heavy Plow
-
Period: 1000 to 1400
Invaders from the steppe of central Asia conquered territories in eastern Asia, the Middle East, and eastern Europe
Steppe – much of the vast plains, thick forests, and mighty rivers North of the Black Sea. -
1050
The Medieval Guild
Guilds created standards for their products and regulations for sale. -
Period: 1050 to 1270
The Crusades
the nine expeditions by European Christians to recover the Holy Land -
1066
William the Conqueror
invaded England and defeated Harold Godwinson, winning him the English crown. -
Period: 1100 to 1453
The Middle Ages
Medieval Ages, literally "the Middle Ages" -
Period: 1100 to 1135
Henry I ruled England
created a royal treasury for tax collection. -
1150
The Mongols
became the dominant nomadic group on central Asia. Their homeland was Mongolia -
Period: 1154 to 1189
Henry II
set a system of common law. with a grand jury and petit jury to establish guilt of innocence -
Period: 1180 to 1223
Philip Augustus (Philip II)
ruled France -
Period: 1199 to 1216
John Lackland was king of England
-
1200
Ghengis Khan
-
1206
Genghis Khan and the Mongol armies
conquered the steppe people, most being Turks. -
1211
Mongol horsemen invaded China
they won -
1215
Magna Carta (Great Charter)
places clear limits on royal power. prevented kings from collecting taxes without permission from the Great Council. Assure freemen the right of trial by jury. -
Period: 1216 to 1272
Henry III ruled England
during his rule, increased population formed a new social class, the middle class. -
1227
Genghis Khan died
-
1275
The Crusades helped speed up change in western Europe
helped break down feudalism,
increased authority of the kings,
levied taxes,
raised armies,
and cooperated on a large scale. -
1275
Crusades brought wealth and trade
-
1279
Mongols took over Chinese territory
-
Period: 1300 to
The Renaissance
-
1400
Parliament split into two chambers:
The House of Lords(nobles and clergy) and the House of Commons(knights and burgesses) -
Period: 1452 to 1519
Leonardo Da Vinci
-
1453
The Slavs took over leadership of the Eastern Orthodox
-
1453
Fall of Constantinople
-
Period: 1475 to 1564
Michelangelo
-
1500
The Inquisition
a church court set up to stamp out heresy -
Period: 1530 to 1549
Pope Paul III set out to reform the Church and stem the Protestant advance (Protestant Reformation)
-
1560
Religions of Europe
-
Mercantilism
designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports of an economy -
American Revolution
People were outraged by the British government.
The British were at a disadvantage of trying to fight a long-distance war.
1777- British defeat at Saratoga, New York.
France joined the American side.
1779- Spain followed.
1781- Americans forced the British army to surrender at Yorktown, Virginia.
1783- Great Britain recognized American independence. -
The Declaration of Independence was adopted by Congress
-
nations leaders of the United States confederation met in Philadelphia,
they wrote the Constitution of the United States, a strong, but flexible, framework for a new national government. -
Sir Authur Evans unearthed the remains of Minoan civilization