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United States Declaration of Independence
By gaining its independence, the United States inspired the creation of many liberal movements in Europe, such as the French Revolution of 1789. Primary Source:
Declaration of Independence. Stone Engraving. 1776. Web. 25 Mar 2014. http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/declaration_zoom_2.html -
Storming of the Bastille
The fall of the Bastille, a symbol of despotism, was very significant as it marked the official start of the French Revolution. Primary Source:
Schneid, Frederik C. “The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.” 27 January 2011. EGO European History Online. Database. 26 Mar 2014. <http://ieg-ego.eu/en/threads/ alliances-and-wars/war-as-an-agent-of-transfer/frederick-c-schneid-the-french- revolutionary-and-napoleonic-wars/?searchterm=napoleonic wars&set_language=en>. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, adopted on August 26, 1789, reflected some of Thomas Jefferson’s ideas in the American Declaration of Independence by setting forth the general principles of the new world order. Primary Source:
"Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen." 10 Aug 1783. Stone engraving. http:// www.histoire-image.org/site/etude_comp/etude_comp_detail.php? i=285&d=1&m=declaration%20des%20droits%20de%20l'homme%20et%20du%20citoyen” -
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Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)
The impact of these wars were severe on most of Europe, creating harsh economic conditions, making France many ennemies and giving rise to nationalism. Primary Source:
Hovel, Jean-Pierre. The French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. 1789. Painting. The National Archives. Database. 25 Mar 2014.http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/lessons/2614-popup.htm -
Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire
The Napoleonic wars, and indirectly the French Revolution, led to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. Primary Source:
Francis II, . “Abdication of Francis II. August 7, 1806. Moniteur, August 14, 1806.” Documents upon the Confederation of the Rhine 6 Aug 1806. Research Subject: Government & Politics. Database. 25 Mar 2014. <http://www.napoleon-series.org/research/government/ diplomatic/c_rhine.html>. -
Creation of the states of Germany and Italy
Germany (January 18, 1871) & Italy (1815-1871).
Primary sources:
1) “Modern History Sourcebook: Documents of Italian Unification, 1846-61.” 1846-61. Fordham University. Database. 25 Mar 2014. http://www.fordham.edu/Halsall/mod/1861italianunif.asp.
2) Wilhelm I. “The Imperial Proclamation, January 18, 1871.” Modern History Sourcebook: Documents of German Unification, 1848-1871 (1871). Fordham University. Database. 25Mar 2014. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/germanunification.asp.