WHAP Study

By TinGoldfish
  • 9000 BCE

    Holocene

    Was a warming of the climate, and resulted in the 1st Agricultural Revolution
  • 8000 BCE

    1st Agricultural Revolution

    Started in Middle East, and spread to many areas, but NA never really took off because of the ease of getting game. Domestication also became more common.
  • Period: 5000 BCE to 2000 BCE

    Mesopotamia: Sumeria and Semitic

    The first civilizations between the Tigris and the Euphrates, they had domesticated plants and animals. They brought irrigation for water, and had the first writing with the Sumerians. Gods were wrathful, like the rivers. City states ruled, and the king and priest communicated to the gods.
  • Period: 2600 BCE to 2134 BCE

    Egypt: Old Kingdom

    Egypt is in it's Old Kingdom stage. Nile flooded gently and predictably, so the religion reflected this. Ma'at was the divine authority, similar to Assyria and other old civilizations, so it didn't have a law code
  • Period: 2000 BCE to 1100 BCE

    Minoan and Mycenaean Greece

    Minoa had palaces and maybe a central government. Mycenae had Linear B, and was more advanced, governmnent more organized. Pottery found in many other civilizations.
  • Period: 2000 BCE to 500 BCE

    Isreal

    Founded by joseph, kind of, and was around for a long time before they split in two. Neo-Assyria conquered them, resulting in the diaspora.
  • Period: 1750 BCE to 1000 BCE

    China: The Shang

    Shang period, was in harsh conditions like Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. Had a warrior aristocracy that was rowdy and did what they wanted to. King was intermediary to people, like in Egypt.
  • 1500 BCE

    Mesopotamia: Babylonia and Assyria

    The major centers of Mesopotamia.
  • 1500 BCE

    Aryans arrive in India

    Vedic traditions begin, is the cornerstone of many following traditions, like caste system. Well after fall of first centuries.
  • Period: 1500 BCE to 1200 BCE

    Cosmopolitan Middle East

    There was a lot of cultural and social exchange in the late bronze age. Hittites were around along with Meso and Egypt, first people to make iron
  • Period: 1500 BCE to 1000 BCE

    Egypt: Middle Kingdom

    Very aggressive, moved more agianst Nubia
  • Period: 1200 BCE to 400 BCE

    South America: Olmec

    Located in Mexico, they had corn and other similar crops. Comples rituals and grand cities were used to control the population, but not quite an empire
  • Period: 1200 BCE to 500 BCE

    Phoenicia

    Created because of the upheavel of many people. Had purple snail dye, and a trade based empire, dominated with navy.
  • Period: 1000 BCE to 500 BCE

    Here come the Greeks

    Phoenician ships ended isolation in 800's. Polis was the Greek city states, like Athens and Sparta. Hoplite warfare. They sometimes banded together to fight Persia in the Persian wars, but then Athens was the biggest leader for a while
  • Period: 1000 BCE to 200 BCE

    China: The Zhou

    Seized power with the use if the Mandate of Heaven. Highly decentralized like the Shang. This led to infighting among local rulers in around 800, the begning of the warring states period. Some of the states practiced Legalism, people are bad and should be controlled.
  • Period: 1000 BCE to 300 BCE

    Persia: Kingdom and then Empire

    They developed irrigation so they could band together and stop being mountain nomads. Cyrus united the people, Darius made the huge empire. Brought down by Greece after they left the dark ages. Used decentrilization and satraps.
  • Period: 900 BCE to 250 BCE

    South America: Chavin

    Much more urban than the Olmec, located in the Andes. Stuff got done with labor obligations, like the mi'ita of later civilizations. Had a lot of trade, was able to use metallurgy.
  • Period: 900 BCE to 600 BCE

    Neo-Assyrians: First Empire

    First empire becasue they ruled a lot of different types of people. Iron age civilizations, very cosmopolitan. Crushed spirits by mass deportation.
  • Period: 750 BCE to 30 BCE

    Roman Republic

    Senate held a lot of power, fell because the land grants given to soldiers were taken by big estates, so there were a lot if unemployed people ready to riot.
  • Period: 475 BCE to 221 BCE

    China: Warring States

    This was a period of fighting, technically still in the Zhou period, the capital was moved east. Daoism and Confucianism rose up to lead people in the time of uncertainity.
  • Period: 330 BCE to 180 BCE

    India: Mauryans and Gupta

    Alexander the Great shows up, and spurs the creation of the Mauryan Empire. Buddhism rises during the time to combat the Vedic tradition. Gupta follows it, but it is a front, not very strong. Syncretism between Vedic and buddhism
  • Period: 320 BCE to 30 BCE

    Hellenistic Empire

    Three major sections, Selucid, Ptolemaic, and another. Overthrow the Persians, and give a lot of Greek influence to its ruled areas to make people want to come to Greece.
  • Period: 300 BCE to 30 BCE

    Hellenistic Synthesis

    Alexander the Great conquered a lot of land, but then died, leaving it up to his generals. It was split up into Alexandria in egypt, and the Selucids and Antigonids. The Greeks still tried, but they were practically gone.
  • Period: 200 BCE to 200

    China: The Han

    The government adopts Confucianism, and exams are made for government positions. Advanced compared to other civs at the time
  • 100 BCE

    Bantu Migrations

    Brought iron smelting to northern sub Saharan africa
  • Period: 30 BCE to 330

    Roman Principate

    Augustus starts it and takes full control by receiving titles, was an urban civilization where benefits were centered around those who lived in the urban areas, and was governed through series of towns and roads. Pax Romana and Rominization. Constatine brought Christianity
  • 100

    Indian Ocean Maritime System

    Was very chill, no one tried to dominate anyone. Different areas exported different things.
  • Period: 224 to Apr 25, 600

    Sasanid Empire

    Made silk road stuff
  • 471

    Fall of Rome, Byzantine Rises

    The Byzantine in the East breaks away from the old empire, and does well at first but then declines a lot. Christianty stays even after the fall, and western Europe adopts it too.
  • Period: Apr 24, 600 to Apr 25, 1200

    Byzantine Empire

    Held together for a while bc of one leader, but lost a lot of territory and eventually fell apart. Schism between Latin and Orthodox churches happened.
  • Period: Apr 24, 600 to Apr 25, 900

    Mesoamerica Classical Period

    The Mesoamericas had the Teo-whatsits and the mayans. Teo had the chinampas, and the Mayans had wars to capture people to sacrifice, but only elites. Developed calendar more.
  • Period: Apr 24, 600 to Apr 25, 1500

    Andean Civilizations

    Incas were first to make labor forces, called mit'a, ayllus family clans who sent out some people to do work, kept track of this using khipus. moche highly stratified and theocratic. Inca had lots of territory
  • Apr 24, 610

    Origin of Islam

    In Mecca, Muhammed created Islam, and it was succesful until Mecca kicked him out, so he moved to Medina and continued there. Made umma,
  • Period: Apr 24, 620 to Apr 25, 750

    Tang Empire

    Had tributary system and built great canal, adopted budhism. Start of bubonic plague. Ended similarly to the Romans, they overextended and couldn't keep up tax collection. Liao, Jin, and Song rose up afterwards, and Song dominated with high steel production and inventions like the junk and gunpowder.
  • Period: Apr 24, 630 to Apr 25, 1258

    Umayyad and Abbasid Calipahtes

    The umayyad had a lot of conquests but eventually fell because people were mad at the ethnically separated regimes. The Abbasid caliphate took over and solved these problems but over time lost control of territory until they eventually fell to the Mongols. Mamluks, hired soldiers, took over a lot. Slavery was technically not allowed for muslims, but it happened anyway.
  • Period: Apr 24, 900 to Apr 25, 1500

    Post Classic Mesoamerica

    Aztecs rose up after the fall of the Teo and the Mayans, maintained similar cultural aspects. Rulers did not have absolute power, and new rulers were selected after warriors prved themselves by capturing territory, tribute system. Had good city technology. Toltec had similar conquest method and two kings.
  • Period: Apr 24, 1000 to Apr 25, 1200

    western Europe Revival

    New independent city states rose up and traded a lot. Crusades happened during this time, exposing muslim and christian cultures to each other again.
  • Period: Apr 28, 1200 to Apr 29, 1500

    Delhi Sultanate

    Entrance of Islam was much more violent than in Africa. Attacked very fast, and conquered fast. Relied on fear because of the small ruling turkish minority, and when the empire showed weakness, the hindus, angry, took advantage.
  • Period: Apr 28, 1200 to Apr 29, 1500

    Mali in Africa

    Islam based government, had Mansa Musa and spread islam through peaceful caravan trade, and traders were attracted to the benefits of islam.
  • Period: Apr 24, 1215 to Apr 25, 1283

    Mongol Conquests

    Genghis got the throne and united many of his clans by conquering them. After he died his kingdo divided into four main sections. Started the Yuan dynasty. Mongols very brutal in attacks, but always offered opt out of death. They helped spread the plague after they revitalized trade. Helped spread some religions, mostly islam
  • Period: Apr 24, 1271 to Apr 25, 1368

    The Yuan

    Budhism was popular with the leaders, Beijing was capital, the mongols united the previous three sepereate states that was China at the time. Tried issuing paper money but it didn't work. Fell to mismanagement and warring mongol princes who in turn fell to the ming dynasty.
  • Period: May 1, 1281 to

    Ottoman Empire

    Started as an offshoot of the mongols, they lasted a long time against a lot of adversaries. Fought often with the Christian empires north of it. Suleiman conquered a ton of territory, almost conquered Europe. Was Islamic and had the Jainissaries, christian slave fighters who slowly overtook the military dominance of the horseback riders. Started falling because of Europe, which had a ton more silver than them, and they couldn't pay Jainissaries. They did recover, but lost the advantage over EU.
  • Period: Apr 28, 1300 to Apr 29, 1500

    Rennaissance

    Dates Not Exact
    As trade and industry increased, people began to fund things like art. Universities sprang up, and well trained professionals started to be more common. Scholasticism allowed the creation of art about something other than the church.
  • Period: Apr 28, 1307 to Apr 29, 1435

    Zheng He Voyages

    Chinese Zheng He, under the ming was sent to explore the muslim controlled indian ocean.
  • Period: Apr 28, 1307 to Apr 29, 1453

    100 Years War

    Conflict between French king and his vassals, warfare was very different with gunpowder and crossbows first being used.
  • Apr 28, 1350

    Black Death

    Started in China and moved to the rest of Europe, many people died, 2/3 population. However, craftsmen who survived charged more, and landlords who tried to hold down these prices were overthrown. Urban ares drew more people as employers raised wages in order to draw plague killed replacements.
  • Period: Apr 24, 1368 to Apr 25, 1500

    Ming China

    Based on Mongol ideas, still had examinations, sent Zheng He out. The prospective trade interests were not good enough for the Chinese however, so they left right before the Portuguese came.
  • Period: Apr 28, 1378 to Apr 29, 1415

    The Schism

    There was a conflict over who the pope was, based in france or based in rome. Rome won, but lost a lot of power to the monarchy, so kings could do stuff without the popes permission.
  • Apr 28, 1407

    Mallacca Gains protection of China

    Powerful, small territory, port. Very much cultural mixing.
  • Period: Apr 28, 1450 to Apr 29, 1550

    African and European Encounters

    West Coast Africans wanted to trade with the Portuguese, had a new market fo rexports and access to cheaper goods. Religous conversion failed. Eastern Africans were wary, and were attacked because they were muslims, with the exception of some christian or allied states. Also, Indian ocean traders encountered portuguese, who tried to make a trade based empire out of the mostly peaceful and chill indian ocean maritime system.
  • Apr 28, 1492

    Spanish Conquer South America

    This was not one event, but included the spanish taking over native empires like the inca and aztec, who they conquered with superior weapons, disease, and with the help of other native groups. They wanted a land based empire.
  • Period: May 1, 1502 to

    Safavid Empire

    Similar to Ottoman, bordered them, had a land grant system and was focused on land power. Shi'ite Muslims surrounded by Sunni. Exported small amounts of carpets, so when silver inflation happened, the trade routes collapsed and there was noway to pay for everything
  • Apr 28, 1519

    Protestant Reformation

    Started by Martin Luther, who rallied against practices like the sale of indulgences, and angry politicians took the movement as an opportunity to break away from the clergy. Shortly followed by catholic reformation, as a way for the church to maintain its members.
  • Period: May 1, 1526 to

    Mughal Empire

    Had mansab land grants, and a huge population with cloth based economy. Sikhism emerged during the time. Fell becasue of poor integration, and land grant system.

  • Invasion of Korea and Japan and Tokugawa

    Hidyeoshi invades korea and china, he was mentally unstable so the rulers after him made peace, but only after Korea had been devastated. This led to the formation of the Tokugawa Shogunate, which was more centralized, but not by much. Economic integration was much more prevelant.
  • Period: to

    Enlightenment and Bourgeosie

    Enlightenment brought scientific method to try and solve social problems, and was heavily criticized at first, like scientific revolution. The b. were able to gain wealth and put it back into business, increasing economy, also making a new market for goods, and made things like joint stock companies to fund voyages. Very good for economy.
  • Period: to

    Japanese Attack on christianity

    Done to combat the growth of christianity, also started an isolation period to European trade.

  • English Civil War

    King Charles wanted to have unchecked power, so he did not call parliament for 11 years, until eventually he arrested critics and started a war. Similar to the french revolution in that a group of people wanted some power taken away from the king.
  • Period: to

    Qing China

    Rose after the fall of the Ming due to insecure borders and lagging technology. The Qing improved lives with lower taxes, more infrastructure, and resettled areas that had been attacked. They also had uneasy relations with the russians. Controlled outside trade very strictly, and the British got angry because of this. Fell because of population stress and british opium influx

  • Colonization before 1650

    Chartered companies were given monopolies in order to promote overseas growth, tobacco and sugar were the main things produced on plantations

  • Angola Slave Traders

    Date not sure.
    Many states would trade slaves, which were a by product a war, not a purpose, but Angola made a system where they could take control of a certain chunk of land and make the people pay slave tributes in exchange for access to natural resources.

  • Peter The Great

    Ended russian isolation by going to Europe and accelerating some of the processes that had been underway, and wanted the country to expand, and gain more ports

  • 2nd Agricultural Revolution

    Began in 1700, but took place before and after. new techniques to farm by the wealthy landowners led to more food, and coupled with the new crops and resistance to diseases, the population boomed.

  • Industrial Revolution

    Since the population grew, infrastructure was improved along woth it, and the sciences improved to meet demands, this was the start of the industrial revolution. Britain was the start because it had more socially mobile society, good rivers for transport, and alot of people were involved in export.
  • Period: to

    American Revolution

    Britain taxed the colonists to pay for their war debts, but colonists didnt like it. So, they rebelled with the help of the french, andmade a new country. This made britain rethink how they governed the rest of their colonies and helped the other colonies be inspired to start their own revolution.
  • Period: to

    Haitain Revolution

    Saint Domingue was very rich, and was a slave based plantocracy. The slaves rose up after the higher classes began to rebel to get even more money. The slaves rose up, almost fell to Napoleon, but then recovered. They were freed, but at a high cost of a destroyed economy and administration.

  • New Schools of Though

    Laissez Faire: Adam Smith, wanted government to stay out of business and as one person gained wealth, the rest would also gain wealth. Like trickle down economics.
    Mercantilism: Opposite, wanted government to regulate trade.
    Positivism: Similar to Enlightenment, solve problems with scientific method
    Utopian Socialism: Pretty crazy, like communist collectivization but with groups having pastries.

  • Wedgewood starts mass production

    He made the first division of labor system, which had many people each doing one job, which greatly increased output. Later on, mechanization also was introduced which replaced people workers with machines that could also do the job.
  • Period: to

    Boxer Rebellions and New Order

    The Boxers tried to take back china but failed, when the empress died, sun yat sen and yuan shikai moved in to take over. Didnt like each other but sun yat sen needed yuan for survival. Ousted later on by the communists because they couldn't control their country.

  • Young Turks Takeover

    The Young Turks took over parliament to take back the osing territory of their country, remove meddling Europeans, and overall reform their country
  • Period: to

    Indian Independence Movement

    Upset over underepresentasion in the choice to go to war, lack of respect to Indians, and poor choices made by viceroys. Ghandi also helped keep peace and peace keep between different groups. Slowly handed back rights, and Pakistan was eventually created for Muslims, which caused violence and displacement.
  • Period: to

    Mexican Independence Movement

    Diaz was one of the first rulers, promoted only rich haciendas and peasants suffered because of this. Leaders like Zapata led rebellions, but Cardenas came later and returned stuff to Mexico, like expropriation of oil, but this did not last.
  • Period: to

    WW1 / Stalemate

    Caused by rigid military alliances and increasing conflicts over land like the balkans and ottoman empire. Both sides extremely confident in victory, but poor planning and superior defensive weaponry caused a stalemate. Western Front was a line of trenches, and home front was challenged to supply the war front. Germany and Russia had a hard time with this.

  • Double Russian Revolutions

    First was against the tsars power, second was against provisional government. The Bolsheviks won, and created first communist society. This is kind of similar to Haitain Revolution.

  • Balfour Decleration

    Made a Jewish homeland, very different from how the powers dealt with other countries, which they controlled with the Mandate system.

  • Treaty of Versailles

    Satisfied no one, blamed germans only for war but did not take anything, priming the world for WW2. Made by League of Nations

  • New Economic Policy in Russia

    Was designed to return Russia to its former power, made by Lenin who made the country a wee less communist. CP maintained same goals, but this policy allowed the country to grow

  • The Great Depression

    Stock market collapse caused by speculation. War payment to from European countries to each other stopped, and as jobs declined, so did demand. New Deal tried to alleviate this by injecting government money into the economy. Countries that depended on exports like rubber or sugar also suffered
  • Period: to

    WW2

    Started because Europeans wanted to avoid a war so they practiced appeasement, and were more afraid of foreign communism than local fascism. Axis formed, and started conquering Europe. Fast attacks on not only armies but also local economies were more common. Failed after hitler tried to invade russian, failed and was pushed back until berlin. In the Pacific, the US attacked Japan by island hopping after being forced into war by Pearl Harbor. Small fights over colonies and territories in Africa.
  • Period: to

    United Nations

    Nad Security Council to make big decisions and have vetoes. General Assembly which had representatives from all different nations.

  • NATO

    Between the European nations, and warsaw pact was made in reaction to this

  • Truman Doctrine

    Gave money and arms to Russian enemies, kick started cold war and creation of the Warsaw pact.

  • Partition of Palistine

    Gave Jews a homeland, angered palestinians
  • Period: to

    Marshall Plan

    The US gave money for recovery to friendly European Nations, Soviet did this too in order to gin allies and other communist countries, was point of conflict for the US and SU
  • Period: to

    Korean War

    Leftover troops in Korea from both sides divided country up in two, then north invaded south. War never really ended, only a ceasefire was declared.

  • Cuban Economic Independence

    Castro took back control of Cuba's economy, and made sugar production go back to the Cubans, redistributed land and wealth, and allied with the Soviets to get goods. Bay of Pigs by the Americans failed, which gave hope to other revolutions.

  • Brazil Takeover

    Set a trend for other revolutions in Latin America, many American involved. Dictators took over militarily, oppressed the people, and put the country on a fast track for revolution.

  • Cultural Revolution

    Mao Zedong told all of the yought to kill dissenters in order to keep cultural fervor going, but the movement went a little too far.

  • 5 Year Plan

    Very rapid industrialization by Stalin, at large cost of human life. Propellled Russia into being an industrial nation. Spurred on collectivization