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Trail of Tears
Trail of TearsAt the beginning of the 1830s, nearly 125,000 Native Americans lived on millions of acres of land in Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama, North Carolina and Florida--land their ancestors had occupied and cultivated for generations. By the end of the decade, very few natives remained anywhere in the southeastern United States. The federal government forced the Native Americans to leave their homelands and walk thousands of miles to a specially designated “Indian territory” across the Mississippi River. -
Black Hawk War begins
Black HawkDetermined to resist the growing presence of Anglo settlers on traditional tribal lands, the Sauk warrior Black Hawk is drawn into war with the United States. Early in 1832, General Edmund P. Gaines arrived in the area (Black's tribe lands) with a sizeable force of U.S. soldiers and Illinois militiamen.Black Hawk didn't want to fight but when his peace bearers was killed the war was started. -
Black Hawk War ends
Black Hawk WarU.S. soldiers nearly annihilated Black Hawk's band as it attempted to escape west across the Mississippi, and Black Hawk finally surrendered. -
The creation of the Oregon trail
oregon trailThe first emigrants to make the trip were Marcus and Narcissa Whitman who made the trip in 1836. However, the first mass migration did not occur until 1843 when approximately 1000 pioneers made the journey at one time. -
Gratten Massacre
Gratten MassacreThis massacre started when a cow was killed by a Native American, this cow belonged to a member on the Mormon Trail. The chief offered the owner of the cow a horse but the owner wanted $25 instead. At that point, Lt. Fleming insisted that Conquering Bear (the chief) arrest High Forehad and turn him over to military authorities. Conquering Bear refused.The next day Second Lieutenant John Lawrence Grattan led a detachment of troops into the Sioux camp to retrieve the cow-murdering Lakota. -
Homestead Act
westward expansionThis bill was signed by President Abraham Lincoln, it was created to encourage settlers to move west. It gave 160 acres to American citizens or those who applied for citizenship. -
Crazy-Horse's attack on the OregonTrail
Crazy-HorseHis first encounter with U.S. soldiers was on the old Oregon Trail, July 25, 1865, at Platte Bridge, where he acted as a decoy to draw soldiers out of their defenses. -
Fetterman Massacre
Crazy-horseThe Sioux and Cheyenne tribes combined forces to challenge Fort Phil Kearny. Crazy Horse was the leader of the fight. He was the leader of the decoy warriors that brought Lt. Col. William J. Fetterman and eighty men into an ambush. -
Dawes Act
westward expansionThis act was created to break up Native American tribes by offering individual Native Americans land to be used for either farming or grazing. -
Massacre at Wounded Knee
history.comThis battle was the last large-scale attempt by Native Americans to resist American settlement in the Great Plains region. Federal soldiers opened fire on Native Americans, killing more than 200.
