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President James Garfield
James Garfield (1831- 81) was sworn in as the 20th U.S president in March 1881 and died in September of that same year from an assassin's bullet, making his tenure in office the second- shortest in U.S. Presidential history, after William Henry Harrison (1773-1841). Born in an Ohio Log Cabin, Garfield was a self made man who became a school President in his mid 20's. -
Development of Morse Code & Telegraph
-The telegraph allowed people to communicate across great distances.
-the new technologies telegraphs led to was fax machines, cell phones and phones.
-The General route that these lines followed was next to the railroads bcuz they would have easy access to work on them. -
Boss Tweed
by mid 1860 he had risen to the top position in the organization and formed the tweed ring which openly bought votes, encouraged Judical Corruption extracted millions from city contracts and dominated New York City politics. tweed had to flee to U.S to Spain after he broke out of jail for his corruption in politics but was found because of Nast Cartoons Ended 1878 he died in prison -
Homestead Act
Signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862 The homestead act encouraged Western migration by proving settlers 160 acres of public land. In exchange, homesteaders paid a small filing fee and were required to complete 5 years of continuos residence before receiving ownership of the land -
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Cattle Orne Era
-Most cattle traits stared in Texas and moved as far as Nebraska.
-Demand for cattle was high because, during the civil war the Union Cut off confederate trade route.
-railroads and barbed were began to end the cattle drive Era by closing off the open rage and making the Transportation -
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Rise of Labor Unions
purpose
safer working conditions
shorter work days
weekend time off
end child labor
action used
srike
violation propertly
american federal of labor
riots -
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Gilded age
Mark Twain used the term "Gilded Age" to describe the late 1800 in america a time period marked by greed and corruption despite the glittering wealth on the surface. -
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The "New Immigrants"
Ellis Island in New York Harbor.
New immigrants came from Southern and Eastern Europe, especially Poland Italy, Austria-Hungary, Greece, and Russia.In 1917, congress requiring immigrants over 16 to pass a literacy test and in the early. Those with tuberculosis or other diseases were sent back to there hometown. -
Chinese Exclusionary Act
it was a U.S Federal Law explicitly suspend immigration for a specific nationality (Chinese).
The law prevent Chinese laborers who had left the U.S from returning .
and didn't allow anymore to enter the U.S this was cause of Pre-jiduce against Asians and unemployment. -
Pendleton Act
The Pendleton Act Civil Service reform Act is a U.S. federal law, enacted in 1883, which established that positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation. -
Hay market
on may 4, 1886 a labor rally near Chicago hay market square demanding an 8 hrs work day turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at police trying to break up up the demonstration
- at least eight people died as a result of the violence that day
- the judge imposed the death sentence on seven of the men and the eight was sentenced to 15 years in prison. -
1889 Hull house
was a settlement house in the U.S that was co founded in 1889
by Jan Addams and Ellen Gates Star. located in the near west side of Chicago, Illinois, opened its doors to recently arrived European Imm to help with employment offered daycare, libraries and language classes. -
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the progressive era
"The Progressive Era was a time of social and political reforms, during which corruption and social inequalities were exposed, and many changes were made to American society." -
American Day
the purpose is to speak pres of at like American citizens
The process was carried on by puttingthem in American classes
Americanization Day turned into independence day -
Pullman Strike
The Pullman Strike in the U.S on May 11, 1894 and a turning point for us labor law. Many of the Pullman Factory workers joined the American Railway Union (ARU) led by eugene v. Debs, which supported their strike by launching a boycott in which (aru) member refused to run trains contain Pullman cars. President Cleveland sent military troops to handle the situation.