WEEK SEVEN-Cold War

  • House Un-American Activities Committee(HUAC)

    -An investigative committee of the U.S. House of Representatives created 1938 to inquire into rebellious activities in the U.S. (It was abolished in 1975)
    -In the mid-1940'2,the committee focused its investigations on searching for communists in U.S.
    -Most famous for investigating Alger Hiss & for the "blacklisting" of many Hollywood actors
    -Often inaccurately associated with Joseph McCarthy,who was a Senator(not a member of the House)
  • 2nd Great Migration

    Migration of 5 million African Americans from south & form the north to the mid-west,& west
    -Af Am moved from discrimination & for jobs in the defense industry
    -They went to cities like Los Angeles,Oakland & Long Beach
  • G.I. Bill Established

    -Wanted to create benefits & jobs for soldiers coming back from WW2
    -Benefits:low cost mortgage,start up loans for business,low interest loans,payed soldiers to go to college
    -Economy was greatly improving in the U.S. with the help of the G.I. Bill
  • Truman Doctrine

    -Purpose:The US made policy to help stop the spread of communism & keep communism contained
    -Was created to free a smaller country from a bigger force(communist)
    -Containment Policy: is to stop the spread of communism to other countries
    -Domino Theory:if one state came under communism the rest would follow
  • Marshall Plan

    -In 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall proposed an economic program to contain communism
    -His Marshall Plan supported economic aid to Europe & generated increase trade between the U.S. & European nations
    -Marshall received the 1953 Nobel Peace Prize for the plan
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)

    -Purposed:safeguard the freedom & security of its members through political & military means
    -Why it was created :protect each other from the Soviet Union members:US,UK,Canada,& 9 other western European countries
    -Stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
    -Soviet response:they tried to expand & made the Warsaw Pact(defense treaty among eight communist states)
  • Air-Conditioning(Man made Weather)

    -Modern A/C invented in 1902 but not put to widespread use until after WW2
    -Used 1st in theater in South
    -Used of TV A/C & Cars killed the use of front porch gatherings & drove up the use of electricity
    -Jobs & people migrated to the South b/c of the use of A/C(people can escape the southern heat )
    -With more jobs & people in the South A/C helped boosted the economy
  • Rock-N-Roll

    -A former of popular music that evolved in the 1950's from rhythm & blues:characterized by the use of electric guitars,a strong rhythm with an accent on the off beat,& youth-oriented lyrics it characterized a generational divide between youths & adults
  • Senate Hearings led by Joseph McCarthy

    -RED SCARE 2 also McCarthyism-term coined by political cartoonist Herbert Block in a 1950 cartoon in reference to Senate Joseph McCarthy
    -The fear of communism(a second Red Scare)increased throughout 1950's extreme opposition to communism gained the name
    -"McCarthyism"from the efforts of Senate McCarthy in 1950 announced that communists worked in the State Dept.
    -He dentify known communists & accused others due to 1000's falsely accused he lost the senators race
  • Sputnik Launch (RUSSIA)

    -Important to the US:Sputnik launch ignites US
    -Soviet space race president of the US:Dwight Eisenhower (WW2 General) head of Soviet Union:Nikita Khrushchev
  • Creation of NASA

    -Importance to the US:was the 1st space program made by the U.S. after Russia launched the 1st space craft(Sputnik) US also pushed for more Math & Science education in school people:Pres.
    Eisenhoweer
  • Berlin Wall

    -In 1961,the Soviet backed the east German(GDR) began constructing a fence to halt the flow of human resources from the East to the West
    -The Wall was a symbol of the division of East & West for the remainder of the Cold War until it was taken down in 1989
    -Iron Curtain:phrase used by Winston Churchill to describe the division of Europe between communist & democratization
  • President Kennedy "Moon" Speech

    -"We choose to go to the moon"speech
    -Meant to persuade the American people to support the effort of NASA to send a manned space flight to the moon
  • Cuban Missile Crisis

    -During Oct. 1962 crisis,President John F. Kennedy warned Soviet leader Nikita
    -Khrushchev that an attack launched on the United States from missiles based in Cuba would be considered an attack from the Soviet Union
    -In 1963 Kennedy secured a nuclear test-ban treaty with the Soviets
    -Direct communication between the White House & the Kremlin was enacted so the nations leaders could communicate in times of crisis
  • Friendship 7

    -Importance to America:1st successful attempted by NASA to place an astronaut in space people:John Glenn