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George c Marshall
-Throughout the war, general George C. Marshall acted as chief of staff and the "organizer of victory"
-He worked closely with president roosevelt to urge military preparedness before pearl harbor, built up and supplied an army of simillar men -
Benito Mussolomi
-In Italy, Benito Mussolini developed a new type of political party and seized power
-By 1921, Mussolini established the Fascist party.
-Fascism stressed nationalism and placed the interests of the state above those of individuals -
Joseph talin
-In USSR, Joseph Stalin whose cast name means "Man of Steel", took control of the country.
-Stalin focused on creating a model communist state. He moved both agricultural & industrial growth -
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Allied Powers
-Allied powers were a group of countries opposed to axis power
-they joined allies because the axis power where attacking the world
-the allied country's where japan -
Japanese Expansion
-Japanese expansion in Eat Asia in 1931 with the invasion of Manchuria and continued in 1937 with a brutal attack on china on September 27 1940, japan signed the tripartite pact with Germany and Italy. -
Adolf Hitler
-In Germany, Adolf Hitler had followed a path to power, similar to Mussolinis
-In 1919, he joined a struggling group called the nazi party
-Hitler quickly became the party's leader. he established a dictatorship as brutal or worse than stalins -
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volunterism of ww2
-Domestic: Homefront both girls & boys from white & African American schools participated.
-Physical fitness program, enroll in war-effort classes, volunteer one extracurricular wartime activity.
-Warfront efforts- was to prepare highschool students to aid in the war effort on the homefront & fronties. -
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Advanced in technology
-Torpedoes were used to destroy submarines & ships from long distance, b/c bullets couldn't go far & do a lot of damage
-Bombing Raids, were used to destroy anything in a certain area, such as factories that produce military equipment in WW2
-Wolf packs were German submarines that had mass-attack tactics against convoys. -
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volunterism in WW2 (red cross)
-Began Blood Donor services in America to produce lifesaving plasma for the Armed forces, served in Hospitals, produce emergency supplies, collected scraps, ran victory gardens, & maintained training programs -
German expansion
-the german invasion of western Poland on 1 September 1939 led to ww2. between 1939 and 1941 the German army invaded and occupied many countries including the ntherlands Belgium Luxembourg france Denmark Norway and western Poland -
Rationing
-rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resource and goods
-rationing items were gasoline, tires, meat, butter and jellies
-people had to use "Rationing goods" which were issued to each family based on its side -
Axis Alliance
-September 27, 1940 Germany, Italy, and Japan signed the Tripartite pact, which became known as the Axis alliance.
-The axis powers had two common interests: 1) territorial expansion and foundation of empires based on military conquest and the overthrow of the post-WWI international order.
2) The destruction or neutralization of soviet communism -
German ww2
-At the beginning of the 1930's , Adolph Hitler is Nazi party exploited wide spread & deep-seated where discontent in Germany in Germany to extract popular & political support
-During the 1st three years of WW2 from when Sep.1939 through Nov.1939 a series of military victories permitted German domination of continent -
m1 Semi Automic Rifle & Radar
-the design of the m1 allowed the americans to fire more shots against their German and Japanese counter parts
-battles were won by the side that was 1st to spot enemy airplanes ships or submarines. the radar helped see hundreds of miles away at night -
Rosie The Riveter
-1945 nearly one out of every four married women worked outside the home "Rosie the Riveter" start of a Government campaign aimed at recruiting female workers for munitions industry become perhaps the most iconic image of working during the war -
War bonds
-way to remove money from circulation as well as reduce inflation
-people would buy bonds and the Gov. promised to return to them w/interest after 10/yr or more
-Gov. needs the money to pay for war equipment -
Pearl Habor
-Japanese planes attacked the U.S. Naval base at Pearl Harbor. Hawaii territory
-the bombing killed more than 2,300 Americans destroying the Americans battleship U.S.S
-yesterdays December 7,1941-date which will live in infamy the united States of American was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the empire of japan -
Rosie the riveter
-1945 nearly one out of every four married women worked outside the home, "Rosie the Riveter" , star of a government campaign aimed at recruiting female workers for munitions industry, become perhaps the most iconic image of working women during the war -
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WACS
-Women joined the new Women's Army Corps (WACS) after basic training most of these women took clerical jobs in the military
-Women replaced jobs formerly held by men, such as shipbuilding & aircraft production
-The idea was to have women fill jobs held by men to send more men to war -
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Code Talkers
-Nawajo code talkers played a key role in the pacific campaign
-The American military needed an undecipherable code that would not be known by the Japanese
-The Nawajo language is unwritten & extremely complex, American forces could transmit messages by telephone & radio in a code that Japanese were unable to break -
Victory Gardens
-As part of the war effort, the government rationed foods like sugar, butter, milk, cheese, eggs, coffee, meat, & canned goods
-The government turned to its citizens & encourage them to plant " victory Gardens " -
Wave
-Women accepted for volunteer emergency service (WAVES) was created in 1942 in response to the need for additional military personnel
-Waves could not serve aboard combat ships or aircraft, & initially were restricted to mity in the Continental US at the end of WW2, there were 8,000 female officers -
George Patton
-Led the US 7th army in its invasion of sicily and swept across northern France
-Pattons forces played a key role in defeating the German counter Attack in the battle of bulge
-Patton died in Germany in December 1945 of injuries sustained in an automobile accident -
erwin Rommel
-Field Marshall, Erwin Rommel wasone of Germans most generals durin ww2 on D-Day he discussed with other officers about surrendering -
Bernard Montgomery
-Senior British Army officer in the African and European war
-Commanded the British 8th army during the euro campaign
-was over all british troops on june 6 1944 D-Day -
Executive order 9066
-US presidential executive order signed & issued during WW2, by FDR, authorizing the secretary of war to prescribe certain areas as military zones, clearing the way for the deportation of Japanese
-The attack on Pearl Harbor in Dec.7, 1941 led to growing suspicions largely by racism & fear about the loyalty of Japanese Army -
Higgins boat Nuclear weapon
-Higgins boat was a landing craft used extensively in amphibious landing in WW2. The craft was designed by Andrew Higgins based on boats made for operating in swamps & marshes
-In July 16, 1945 president Harry Truman decided to use the atomic bomb against Japan. -
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U.s officers of war information
-Control the content & imagery of war messages & make citizens aware of how they could help in the war effort
-Produce radio programs, news reels, asked citizens to contribute time & money, create products, conserve resources, donate, & stir up distrust to lower enemy & population morals to promote surrender -
Omar bradly
-was a senior officer of the U.S Army
-He was in Services in North America & Western Europe during WW2
-he then became general of the 1st American Army to land in France -
Dwight d einsehwer
-He was a supreme commander of allied forces
-led the massive invasion of nazi-occupied Europe that began on D-day (June 6, 1944)
-leading republicans convince Eisnhower to run for president -
Koremastu vs U.S.
-Fred Koremastsu a Japanese US citizen refused to leave home in San Leandro,CA
-Court decided the nations security concern out-weighed the constitution promise of equal rights -
D-Day
-effected the war tide for the allies positively b/c the battle foreshadowed the end of hitlers dream of Nazi domination
-D Day was the largest air land and sea operation undertaken, the landing included over 5,000 ships, 11,000 airplanes and over 150,000 servuce men -
women and minority
-while the men went to fight in the war the women were left to work in the factories after the war men came back to reclaim teir psitions at factories but the women didn't want to give them up -
the US and european countries
-in the us the war happened after the great depression 30% unemployment was cut down to less then 5% after boost due to the war -
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postdam conference
-Soviet leader, Joseph Stalin, British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, & U.S. president Harry Truman
-Met in Potsdam, Germany to negotiate terms for the end of WW2
-Agreements on German economy, punishment for war criminals, land boundaries, divided Germany into 4 sectors -
Trumans fair deal
-The deal was set to target solutions does National Health Insurance, public housing, civil rights legislation & federal & to education -
women in the military
-WACS- women Army Corps
-Auxiliary Unit
-Women were doing office things while men in the office were shipped over seas to fight
-the women did paperwork supply food telegram