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Benito Mussolini
in Italy, Benito Mussolini developed a new type of political party and seized power. by 1921 mussolini established the fascist party. mussolini gradually extened fascist control to every aspect of italian life. fascism stressed nationalism and placed the interests of the state above those of individuals -
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin was a powerful communist leader in the early years of the soviet union. he was a dictator who terrorized the population and sent many people to prison and labor camps. one of the communist leaders greatest task was collectivize farming. Stalin created a state owned farms. while Stalin was the leader he steadily increased his power. many people of his enemies were shot or sent to Siberia -
japan
japan invaded Manchuria [china's eastern sea-bored] because japan was becoming very crowded with out being able to expand because of being an island. japan believed Manchuria was rich with minerals, so it was an obvious plan for japan. japan withdrew from the league of nations after a report of them invading Manchuria. -
Adolf Hitler
in Germany, Adolf Hitler had followed a path to power similar to Mussolini in 1919 he joined a struggling group called the Nazi party. hitler quickly became the partys leader. he established a dictatorship as brutal or worse than stalins. he was determined to achieve German domination of Europe. -
German expansion
Germany started acquiring German speaking areas lost after ww1 like Sudetenland [a section of France] Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland. increasingly a global political division emerged between democratic societies [u.s and Britain] and totalitarian states [Germany] actions at first nothing but when Germany did not stop an all out war occurred -
Germany
at the beginning of the 1930s ,Adolph Hitler is Nazi party exploited wide spread and deep seated where discontent in Germany to extract popular and political support. during the three years of ww2 from Sep. 1939 through Nov. 1942 a series of military victories permitted German domination of continent. -
rationing
rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources and good. rationing items were gasoline, tires, meat, butter and jellies. people had to use "rationing goods" which were issued to each family based on its size -
lend lease program
Franklin Roosevelt introduced the lend lease program to congress it was intended to help Britain beat back Hitlers advance while keeping america only indirect involved in ww2. lend lease program provided for military did to any country whose defense was vital to the security of the united states. lend lease program was the principal way to get out of the great depression -
civilian defense organization
Roosevelt set up the office of civilian defense [OCD] to coordinate state and federal measures to protect civilians in war-related emergency. the OCD organized the u.s citizens defense corps. to recruit and train volunteers to perform essential tasks. -
war bonds
way to remove money from circulation as well as reduce inflation. people would buy bonds and the government promised to return to them with interest after 10 years or more government needs the $ to pa for war equipment -
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code talkers
Navajo code talkers played a key role in the pacific campaign. the american military needed an undecipherable code that could not be broken by the Japanese. the Navajo language is unwritten and extremely complex, american forces could transmit messages by telephone and radio in a code that the Japanese were unable to break -
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wacs
women joined the new women's army corps [wacs] after basic training most of these women took electrical jobs in the military. women replaced jobs formerly held by men, such as shipbuilding and aircraft production the idea was to have women fill jobs held by men to send more men to war. between 1941-1945 more than 6.5 ,million women entered the work force -
Rosie the riveter
in 1945 nearly one out every four married women worked outside the home, Rosie the riveter, star of government campaign aimed at recruiting female workers for munitions industry become perhaps the most iconic image of working women during the war. -
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multiple fronts fought by the u.s
the u.s had fought a few fronts during ww2 like the Atlantic front, the pacific front, the European front and the home front. these fronts had pushed the war in a good way for the allies because the u.s was equipped to produce mass war supply for the soldiers and the allied power armies and the u.s attacking on these fronts helped the allied powers gain a new ally during the war due to the u.s declaiming war on japan after pearl harbor and Germany declaiming war on the u.s -
pearl harbor
Javanese planes attacked the united states naval base at pearl harbor, Hawaii territory. the bombing killed more than 2,300 Americans, destroying the american battleship u.s.s. "yesterday, December 7, 1941- date which will live in infamy the united states of america was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces or the empire of japan -
Bataan death march
the Bataan death march march happened after the u.s surrender of the Bataan peninsula it affected the war tide in favor of the axis ponders. allied prisoners ere forced to march 65 miles to prison camps where thousonds died from disease mistreatment and substation -
battle of midway
the battle of midway pushed the war tide in favor of the allied powers since it was one of the most decisive u.s victories against japan. the u.s inflected permanent damage on the Japanese navy this was the tuning pain of u.s against japan -
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island hopping
island hopping was effecting the tide in favor of the allied powers because they kept pushing Japanese forces out of the island through the offensive against the island of Guadalcanal in the Solomon archipelago which had marked the beginning of island hopping fought between august 1942 and February 1943 eventually succeed in forcing japan to relinquish the island -
radar and M-1 semi automatic rifle
used to create an electronic map of all objects in all directions and great distances away as possible. also to locate the preciese position of previously detected target. this was a great advantage for pilots cause it gave them the opportunity to attack a target at night. it also detected incoming german and japanese planes. was a light and easy to use. caliber,gave soldiers more mobility and stronger fire power. used for everday killing -
wave
`woman accepted for volunteer emergency service [waves] was created in 1942 in response to the need for additional military personnel during world war 2 waves were an official part of the navy, its members held the same rank and rating as male personnel. waves could not serve aboard combat ships or aircraft and intentionally were restricted to activity in the continental u.s at the end of world war 2 there were over 8,000 female officers -
victory gardens
as part of the war effort the government rationed foods like sugar butter,milk,cheese,eggs,coffe,meat and canned goods. the government turned to its citizen and encourage them to plant "victory ardens". garden help make sure enough food and supplies were available for home and the troops during ww2 -
Douglas mcauthor
american 5 star general and field Marshall of the Philippine army. mcauthor was chief of staff during ww2. led the army in island hopping on the south west pacific campaign -
Chester w. Nimitz
was leading the u.s army authority on submarines. he was the u.s.a last surviving officer who ranked as a fleet admiral. admiral Chester was appointed commander in chief of the u.s pacific fleet just after pearl harbor. he commanded u.s forces at the battle of midway. this battle hatted the Japanese advance in the pacific -
Bernard Montgomery
senior British army officer in the African and European war. commanded the british 8th army and 21st army during the euro campaign. was over all british troops on june 6 1944 "D-day" -
Erwin Rommel
field Marshall Erwin Rommel was one of Germans most popular generals during ww2 on "D-day" he discussed with other officers about surrendering. due to his ties the plot to overthrow Hitler, he was murdered -
higgings boat and nuclear wepons
higgings boat was a landing craft used extensively in amphibious landing in ww2. the craft was designed by andrew higgings based on boats made for operating in swamps and marshes. im july 16, 1945 president harry truman decided to use the atomic bomb against japan. after bombs were dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki in aug 1945, japan surrendered ww2, in which over 70 million people died when it was over -
george poatton
led the u.s 7th army in its invasion of sicily and swept across northern france. pattons forces played a key role in featuring the german counterattack in the battle of the bulge. patton died in germany in december 1945 of injuries in a automoble accident. -
George c Marshall
acted as chief of staff and the "organizer of victory". worked closely with roosevelt to urge military to prepare before pearl harbor built a army of 8 million men later helped oversee the creation of the first atomic bomb -
Omar bradely
was a senior officer of the u.s. army. he was in service in north america and western Europe. he then became general of the first american army to land in France -
dwight d. eisenhower
he was a supreme commander of allied forces. led the massive invasion of nazi-occupied europe that began on D-day [june 6, 1944]. leading republican convince eisenhower [then in command of N.A.T.O forces in europe] to run for president. -
D-day
effected the war tide for the allies positively b/c the battler foreshadowed the end of Hitlers dream Nazi domination D-day was the largest air , land, and sea operation undertaken the landing included over 5,000 ships, 11,000 airplanes, and over 150,000 service men by the end the allies had reached the seine river pairs was liberated and the Germans had been removed from northwestern France, effectively concluding the battle of Normandy -
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liberation of concentration camps
push toward the victory for the allies because they were slowly starting to shut down Hitlers operation on the Nazi take over the soviet were the first forces to reach a concentration camp near lubin, Poland due to the rapid soviet advance the Germans had burned the camp but the gas chambers were left standing. the soviets also overran the sites of the Belize, arbor, Treblinka, and Auschwitz, the largest concentration camp -
korematsu vs u.s
fred korematsu a japanese u.s citizen refused to leave home in san leandro ca. court decided the nations security concern out-weighed the constitution promise of equal rights. the executive order 9066 banned japanese alien and non-alien from the u.s. 50 years later it was over turned by congress and an apology was given. -
powstdam conference
the big three soviet leader joseph stalin, british prime minister winston churchill replaced on july 26 by prime minister clement atle. roosevelt churchill and stalin met at yalta to plan the reorganization of europe at the end of the war agreed on the formation united nations -
the u.s and European countries
in the u.s the war happened after the great depression. 30% unemployment was cut down to less than 5% after the employment boost due to the war. the European countries were left to rebuild the u.s lend money to the countries and Germany was the only country to fully pay it back in 1990 -
women and minority
while the men went to fight in the war the women were left to work in the factories. after the war men came back to reclaim their positions at factories but the women didn't want to give them up spurring up the feminist movement. in the war men of color fought along side white men for the first time. when they got back from the war they were treated with the same racial siurs sparking the civil rights movement -
isorku yamamoto
japanese Marshall admiral and commander in chief of the combined fleet played role [executed the surprise attack] in pearl harbor which made japan vietonus -
executive order 9066
u.s presidential executive order signed and issued during ww2 by FDR authorizing the secretary of war to prescribe certain areas as military zones clearing the way for the deportation of Japanese the attack on pearl harbor in Dec71941 led to growing suspicions largely by racism and fear about the loyalty of Japanese army Japanese ancestry was classified as "enemy aliesn" curfews were instituted and assets were frozen. 120k Japanese army informed that the gov would forcibly remove them from home