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Ernest Nagel (Nov.16, 1901 - Sept. 20, 1985)
An Introduction To Logic and Scientific Method covers the basics of logic and reasoning, inference, and deduction. Nagel provides examples of how to apply these techniques to solve real world problems, such as determining the validity of scientific claims and evaluating arguments.
Resources:
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2022, November 12). Ernest Nagel. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Nagel -
Ernest Nagel (Nov. 16, 1901 - Sept. 20, 1985)
Sovereign Reason explores the nature of reason and its role in human affairs. Nagel argues that reason is the most important tool for solving problems and making decisions; its importance is essential in achieving a just and democratic society. Topics include: nature of truth, reason and emotion relationship, political decision making.
Resources:
Blanshard, B. (2011, July 25). Philosophy against Misophy. Ernest Nagel, “Sovereign reason.” http://www.anthonyflood.com/nagelsovereignreason.htm -
Ernest Nagel (Nov. 16, 1901 - Sept. 20, 1985)
Gödel's proof (with James R. Newman) explains the famous theorem by mathematician Kurt Gödel, which states that any mathematical system is incomplete or inconsistent. Nagel provides an introduction to the proof that is based on the concept of self-reference. Nagel explains how Gödel's proof applies to number theory, and set theory of mathematics.
References:
Hodges, A. (2008, August 13). In retrospect: Gödel’s proof. Nature News. https://www.nature.com/articles/454829a -
Ernest Nagel (Nov. 16, 1901 - Sept. 20, 1985)
The Structure of Science explores the nature of scientific knowledge and how it is developed. Nagel argues that science is always evolving through an interconnected system of theories and hypothesis when new information becomes available.
Resources:
Abelson, R., By, & Meigs, J. B. (2015, September 3). The structure of Science, by Ernest Nagel. The Structure of Science, by Ernest Nagel. https://www.commentary.org/articles/raziel-abelson/the-structure-of-science-by-ernest-nagel/ -
Ernest Nagel (Nov. 16, 1901 - Sept. 20, 1985)
Computer's Logic and Mind explores the relationship between computers and human intelligence. Nagel argues that computers are capable of many logical operations but lack creativity and intuition. I've included a link to a short video describing Nagel's personal insight:
Philosophy Overdose. (2023). Ernest Nagel on Computers, Logic, & Mind (1962). YouTube. Retrieved July 6, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66CnFJPAAPI.