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5000 BCE
Mesoamerican Settlements
Beginning about 5000 b.c.e., an increasing use of plant foods eventually led to the domestication of certain plants. People grew beans, peppers, avocados, squash, and eventually maize. -
2000 BCE
Trading areas
Geographically, the region of Mesoamerica is a complex patchwork of zones that is also divided vertically into cooler highlands, tropical lowlands and coasts, and an intermediate temperate zone. These climatic variations created different possibilities for human exploitation. They also created a basis for trade as peoples attempted to acquire goods not available locally. Much trade flowed from the tropical lowlands to the cooler central plateau. -
1000 BCE
Indian Ocean Trade System
This existed by 1000 C.E., involving timber and perfumes -
1000 BCE
3 Kinds of trades
1- local or long distance trade could spread knowledge of new developments or products.
2- second type of contact resulted from migration and invasion.
3- Direct trade, diplomatic relations, and military activity between two major early civilization centers. -
700 BCE
Trading connections
By 700 b.c.e., several Greek centers had trading connections around the Black Sea and in Egypt and southern Italy. -
600 BCE
Arab Traders
By the 8th century, Arab traders took control of the Indian Ocean from Tamil merchants and reduced india's commercial strength. -
Period: 542 BCE to 483 BCE
Life
Life of Buddha -
Period: 500 BCE to 500 BCE
The End of an Era
The absolute and increasingly self-serving dominance of the brahmans, the succession of petty wars between the kings they advised, and the religious bankruptcy displayed by the sacrificial cults all prompted major challenges. These challenges and the brahman responses to them both remade and enriched Indian civilization -
330 BCE
Significant People
Alexander the Great -
Period: 327 BCE to 325 BCE
Signifcant Events
Alexander's invasion of the Persian empire -
300 BCE
Technological Advances
The long isolation of the Americas from the populations, and therefore from the diseases, of the Old World, and the inability of the Americas to share in the technological advances of the Old World proved disastrous after the first contact with Europeans. Ultimately however, the resilience of Indian cultures as well as their achievements in agriculture and social organization, shaped the societies of the Americas in many ways. -
Period: 264 BCE to 140 BCE
Significant Event
Roman expansion in North Africa (Punic Wars) and eastern Mediterranean -
221 BCE
Shi Huangdi
Founder of the brief Qin dynasty -
200 BCE
Era of strong Buddhist influence
Page 69 -
100 BCE
Transportation
The introduction of the camel from Asia about the 1st century c.e. was an important innovation. Its ability to thrive in harsh desert conditions and to carry large loads cheaply made it an effective and efficient means of transportation. The camel transformed the desert from a barrier into a still difficult but more accessible route of trade and communication.
