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1500 BCE
New cures for...
~ The ancient Egyptians used Lizard blood, dead mice and moldy bread.
- Women would sometimes inject horse saliva as a cure for an impaired libido. They would also use plants and herbs as treatments for sicknesses. -
600 BCE
Roman Sanitation System
The Romans created new sanitation systems, such as sewers and aqueducts. It was inspired by the Greeks. -
400 BCE
Hippocrates
~described mumps, diphtheria, epidemic jaundice, and other conditions he became known as the founder of medicine -
1100
Variolation Technique
~scabs from smallpox patients were placed in cuts of healthy people to prevent them from getting the disease, therefore them being able to heal and be immune to smallpox. -
1340
Black Death
~started in Asia then spread to Europe, disease caused by bacteria, -
1500
Girolamo Fracastoro
~suggested that epidemics may come from pathogens outside the body
~He proposed that these might pass from human-to-human by direct or indirect contact -
William Harvey discovers...
blood circulation. He figured out that blood flows in two different systems/loops- the systemic circulation and the pulmonary circulation. -
Edward Jenner
~successfully uses cowpox material to create immunity against small pox with one of the first vaccines.(vaccine for smallpox) -
Louis Pasteur
~created the first live attenuated bacterial vaccine (chicken cholera).Highly contagious and lethal disease that occurred in epidemics in poultry yards -
Louis Pasteur’s rabies vaccine
~used in humans to fight off rabies -
Typhoid Vaccine created...
The first effective typhoid vaccine was developed by Almwroth Edward Wright. It was used mainly for the military at the time -
Cholera Vaccine created...
Waldemar Mordecai Haffkine developed a vaccine against cholera. He is known as the first person to develop a prophylactic (someone to prevent or protect against something) vaccine for humans. -
Plague Vaccine
The idea of creating a plague vaccine was started from Alexander Yersin. (Plague is a disease that is transmitted by fleas and now is very rare to occur because of the immunity against it with the vaccines and the better sanitary conditions now.) -
Typhoid vaccine first licensed in the US
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Rabies vaccine first licensed in the US
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Tetanus toxoid was introduced
~following the development of an effective therapeutic serum against tetanus by Emil Von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato. -
Tuberculosis vaccine
~The vaccine was made by bacteriologist Albert Calmette and Camille Guerin.
~Caused by bacteria in the lungs. It's spread by person to person through the air.
~TB was spread in Ancient Egypt. When the early humans left Africa TB came with them. -
Yellow fever vaccine created...
~ A viral infection that occurs in Africa and South America. The vaccine was developed by Max Theiler who was a South African microbiologist. -
Yellow fever vaccine first licensed in the US
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Polio Vaccine created...
~Jonas Salk created the vaccine when the US did not approve of it. Polio is a disease that causes paralysis of the body. -
Measles vaccine created..
Maurice Hilleman created the first measles and mumps vaccine. Measles is a viral infection that mainly affects children. Mumps is also a viral infection that affects the salivary glands. -
Measles and mumps virus vaccine licensed in the US
~After proving safe in monkeys and humans, John Enders declared the vaccine capable of preventing the disease
