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Dred Scott v. Sandford
An enslaved African American from Missouri, had sued for his freedom, -
Free-Soil Party
The Free-Soil Party wanted to prevent the expansion of slavery into the western territories. -
Compromise of 1850
California comes in as a free state, the rest of the new territory is decided by popular. -
Violence Erupts in Kansas
Southern proslavery forces attacked the free-state town or Lawrence, Kansas. -
Department stores
Rowland H. Macy opened what he called a department store in New York in 1858. -
Edwin Drake
In 1859, Edwin Drake drilled the firsr oil well in the world in Titusville, Pennsylvania -
Charles Darwin's "On the Origin of Species"
In 1859, a biologist Charles Darwin published "On the Origin of Species", arguing that animals evolved by a process of "natural selection" and that only the fittest survived to reproduce. -
Election of 1860
In the Presidental Election of 1860, the four candidates were Abraham Lincoln, Stephen Douglas, John Bell, and John Breckinridge -
Lincoln Wins Election
Lincoln wins the election, getting 60% of electoral votes; he did not recieve a single electoral vote from the south. Lincoln's win ends the the national politic powers and South Carolinda will secede from the Union. -
The Confederacy Is Formed
Seven eceding states established the Confederate States of America. -
Lincoln Takes Office
Lincoln was sworn into office on March 4th, 1861. In his inaugural address, he took a firm, but appeasing tone toward the South. -
Pull Factors
The 1862 Homestead Act and aid from railroad companies made western farmland inexpensive. -
Emancipation Proclamation
stated that, "all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall the be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free." -
Draft Law
This law required all able-bodied men between the ages of 20 and 45 to serve in the military if callled, riots broke out in several northern cities. -
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Battle of Gettysburg
This battle was a major turning point in the war, pushed the South back further. -
13th Amendment
Andrew Johnson and Congress passed this amendment, that ends slavery. -
Lee Surrenders
Robert E. Lee surrenders to Grant. -
Lincoln Is Assassinated
President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated and his VP, Andrew Johnson becomes president. -
Air Brakes For Trains
George Westinghouse patented air brakes for trains. -
Corporations Increased
In 1870, a number of corporations in America increased dramatically. -
"new" immigrants
Beginning in the 1870s, Irish and Germans were joined by "new" immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. -
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Newspaper expansion
Newspapers helped the spread of mass culture. Between 1870 and 1900 both reflected and helped create mass culture. -
15th Amendment
This amendment was ratified guaranteeing the no male citizen could be denied the right to vote. -
Chicago Fire
A fire destroyed Chicago in 1871, killing between 200 to 300 people. -
Yellowstone Park
In 1872, Yellowstone Park was established to perserve land. -
Election of 1876
Samuel Tilden wins popular vote, but lets Rutherford B. Hayes be president if he promised to get the federal troops from the South. This ends reconstruction. -
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First Major Railroad Strike
The first major strike occurred in the railroad industry in 1877 because wages were cut. First major strike that prompted other violent strikes. -
Immigrants Flood US
Nearly three quarters of a million immigrants arrived in America and begin to work for low wages. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
An act that prohibited Chinese laborers from coming to US and limited rights of Chinese laborers in the US. -
Haymarket Square
Workers wanted 8hr shirts instead of 10hr shifts. -
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
In 1887, the United State Senate created the ICC to monitor US businesses. -
Americanization
Many cities has huge immigrant populations, Americanization programs were formed to teach immigrants English, teach immigrants the American diet, and teach immigrants to dress like American. -
How the Other Half Lives
Jacob Riis is a journalist who brought the horrors of the tenements to the punlic eye. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
In 1890, the Senate passsed the Sherman Antitrust Act to monitor trusts and put a stop to monopolies. -
Homestead Strike of 1892
The public opinion of the Unions were turning, a Carnegie Steel plant in Homestead, Pennsylvania, cut worker's wages and the union immediately called a strike. -
Ellis Island
To enter US, immigrants had to be healthly and show that they had money, a skill, or a sponsor provide for them. -
Pullman Strike of 1893
The Pullman Palace Car Company laid off workerds, lowered the cost of wages, but did not lower the cost of living. -
Nation's first subway system
In 1897, Boston solved this problem by running the cars underground in the nation's first subway system. New York City followed in 1904. -
Education
In 1910, there were than 5,000 high schools. Kindergartens also appearedas a way to help working-class mothers.