US/VA H Bonilla

World History 2 timeline

Period: Apr 1, 1607 to Apr 1, 2014

Jamestown

May 14, 1607

Formed by the Virginia Company of london.
Was the first permanent English settlement in north America.

Start of Slavery

Jan 1, 1619

Weren't used much at 1st. Had no rights, and were considered property of owner.

House of Burgesses

Jul 30, 1619

1st elected assembly in the new wolrd.
Still operates today as the "General Assembly "

Mayflower Compact

Nov 11, 1620

Pledge loyalty to God and the King.
Created a "covenant community"

French and Indian War

Oct 13, 1754

England & the american colonist fought France & the Indians.
England won the war.

Treaty of Paris (1763)

Sep 10, 1763

England gained the land west of the Appalachians and Canada.

Proclamation of 1763

Oct 7, 1763

England prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachians.

Stamp Act

Mar 22, 1765

Placed a tax on legal documents.

Boston Massacre

Mar 5, 1770

British troops fired into the mob. 5 colonists died.

Boston Tea Party

Dec 16, 1773

Colonists boarded tea ships in Boston, threw the tea into the water.

1st Continental Congress

Sep 5, 1774

Meeting of reprensetetives from all 13 colonies except Georgia.
1st time almost all 13 colonies acted together.

Lexington and Concord

Apr 19, 1775

British troops attacked a colonial weapons stockpile.
Minutemen assembled.

2nd Continental Congress

Jul 6, 1775

Created the continental army.
Issued the "Olive Branch Petition."

Declaration of Independence

Jul 4, 1776

Issued by the Continental congress.
Written by Thomas Jefferson.

Articles of Confederantion

Nov 15, 1777

It established a weak central government.
It had weaknesses.

Critical Period

Jan 1, 1781

Time period during which the U.S was under the Articles of confederation.

Yorktown

Oct 19, 1781

Americans & French surrounded Cornwallis/the British.
Cornwallis Surrendered

The Treaty of Paris

Sep 3, 1783

England acknownledged American independence.

Land Ordinance of 1785

May 20, 1785

Established a plan for surveying the western lands.

Annapolis Convention

Sep 11, 1786

Called to settle disputes among states over commerce.
Only 5 states showed up.

Constitutional Convention

May 25, 1787

The meeting was to amend the Articles of Confederation. All the states except Rhode Island responded to an invitation issued by the Annapolis Convention of 1786

Northwest Ordinance 1787

Jul 13, 1787

Provided the process for the creation and admission of new states.

The Great Compromise

Jul 16, 1787

Created 2-house congress: Senate & House of Representatives.
Balanced power between large & small states.

3/5ths Compromise

Jul 16, 1787

Slaves counted as 3/5ths of a person when determining a state's representation in House of Reps.

Shay's Rebellion

Aug 29, 1787

Debt ridden farmers in Massachusetts rebel due to high taxes.

Washington's Presidency

Apr 30, 1789

Washington was the 1st president of the United States.

Bill of Rights Signed

Sep 25, 1789

The 1st 10 amendments. Deals with rights and liberties.
Written by James madison.

Judiciary Act of 1789

Sep 29, 1789

Set up the court system.

Cotton Gin

Mar 4, 1794

Made cotton growing very profitable.
Inventor Eli Whitney.

Adam's Presidency

Mar 4, 1797

Adam's ordered the American navy to start attacking French ships.

Jefferson's Presidency

Mar 4, 1801

1st peaceful transfer of power from one party to another.

Marbury vs. Madison

Feb 11, 1803

Marshall declared a law unconstitutional.
Established the power of judicial review.

Louisiana Purchase

Jul 4, 1803

The Louisiana Purchase, was a land Jefferson bought from France

War of 1812

Jul 18, 1812

British interference with American Shipping.
British aid to Indians in the west.

McCulloch vs. Maryland

Oct 30, 1819

Marshall upheld the federal gov'ts right to establish a bank.
Established the doctrine of implied powers.

Susan B. Anthony

Feb 15, 1820

Leader of women's suffrage movement.
Strong leader.

Missouri Compromise

Mar 6, 1820

DIvided LA purchase at 36, 30.
North of line Free.
South of line Slave.

Gibbons vs. Ogden

Feb 5, 1821

The court overturned a steamboat monopoly.
Confirmed the federal gov'ts power over commerce.

Monroe Doctrine

Dec 2, 1823

Warned Europe against future colonization in the Americas.
Interference any independent country in the western hemisphere.

Age of the Common Man

Nov 27, 1829

Americans no llonger let aristocrats make all the decisions.
Time when democracy in the U.S. expanded and more people got involved in the electoral process.

Jackson's Presidency

Mar 4, 1845

More common people could vote and liked him.
Defeated Adams

Reservation System

Jan 23, 1851

Indians were forced off their lands onto smaller and smaller reservations.

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Mar 20, 1852

Book by Harriet Beecher Stowe. Portrayed the evils of slavery.

Dred Scott Case

Mar 6, 1856

A slave named dred scot sued for freedom after being taken into free territory by his owner.
The case overturned efforts to limit the spread of slavery.

Election of 1860

Nov 6, 1860

Issue was slavery.
Abraham Lincoln won.

Battle of Fort Sumter

Apr 21, 1861

Seven Southern states seceded in response to lincoln's election.
They created the Confederate states oof America.

Homestead Act

Feb 28, 1862

Law that gave free public law in the west in 160 acre plots.
encouraged Americans to settle the west.

Battle of Antietam

Sep 7, 1862

Lincoln issued the Emancipation proclamation.
Lee went North.

Emancipation Proclamation

Jan 1, 1863

Freed slaves in the "rebelling" states .
Discouraged foreign intervention.

Battle of Gettysburg

Jul 3, 1863

3 day battle.
Turning point of the war. Lee had to retreat.

Battle of Vicksburg

Jul 4, 1863

This cut the confederacy in half.
Grant wins.

Gettysburg Address

Nov 19, 1863

Short speech by Lincoln.
Dedicating cemetery.
War was 2nd American Revolution.

Appomattox Court House

Apr 9, 1865

Lee surrendered.
Lee urged Southerners to accept surrender & unite as Americans.

Reconstruction

Apr 11, 1865

Restoring Southern states to the union.
Determining the position of African Americans.

Lincoln's Assasination

Apr 14, 1865

John Wilkes Booth assassinated Lincoln.
Shortly after war.

13th Amendment

Dec 6, 1865

Abolished slavery

Reconstruction Act of 1867

Mar 7, 1867

Put South under military occupation.

14th Amendment

Jul 28, 1868

Prohibited States from denying equal rights to any American.
Gave citizenship to blacks.

Knights of Labor

Jan 23, 1869

Founder: Uriah Stevens

15th Amendment

Feb 3, 1870

Voting rights for African Americans.

Old Immigrants

Jan 23, 1871

Northern & Western Europe.
Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, and Sweden.

Election of 1867

Nov 7, 1876

Hayes would be president.
Hayes and Tilden disputed election results.

Jim Crow Laws

Jan 22, 1877

Established separate facilities for whites & blacks.
Black facilities were inferior.

New Immigrants

Jan 23, 1880

Southern & Eastern Europe, Asia,

Chinese Exclusion Act

May 6, 1882

Prevented entry of almost all Chinise.

American Federation of Labor

Dec 18, 1886

Founder: Samuel Gompers.
"Craft Union" only skilled workers, from multiple industries.
Used "collective Bargaining"

Dawes Act

Feb 8, 1887

Americanize the Indians.
Broke up reservations and divided them into individual plots.
Legally abolished tribes.

Assimilation Policy

Sep 17, 1887

Aided by: Public Schools, and the work place
"Melting pot"

Progressive Movement

Jan 23, 1890

it used the government to institute reforms to fix problems caused by industrialization.
Early 20th century reform movement.

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Jul 2, 1890

Prevented "any business structure that restrained trade"
Outlaw trusts (monopolies)
Wasn't succesful.

Homestead Strike

Jun 29, 1892

Carnagie steel plant.
Plant manager Henry frick called the pinkerton Detective Agency.
Major gun battle.

American Railway Union

Jun 20, 1893

Founder: Eugene V. Debs
Railroad workers.
"Industrial union" Skilled & unskilled workers.

Pullman Strike

Jul 20, 1894

By Pullman railroad workers.
Started nationwide RR boycott.
Fed. gov't ended it.

Plessy V Ferguson

May 18, 1896

S.C. said "Seperate but equal" did not violate the 14th amendment.
Upheld Jim Crow Laws of segregation.

Spanich-American War

Apr 21, 1898

Cubans rebelled against Spanish rule.
American ship USS Maine exploded outside Cuba.

Treaty of Paris

Dec 10, 1898

U.S. annexed puertorico, guam, philippines.
Cuba became free.

Boxer Rebellion

Feb 21, 1899

Wanted to remove foreign influence.

Open door policy

Mar 30, 1899

Gave all nations equal trading rights in china.

Platt Amendment

May 22, 1902

U.S. asserted the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.

Roosevelt Corollary

Mar 30, 1904

TR added to the Moroe Doctrine.
U.S. would use force to protect its interests in Latin American.

16th amendment

Feb 3, 1913

Creates federal income tax.
Is a "progressive tax"

17th Amendment

Apr 8, 1913

Voters elect senators now

WW I

Jul 28, 1914

U.S. remained neutral for 3 years.
Zimmermann Telegram.

Panama Canal

Aug 15, 1914

Connects the Atlantic & Pacific.

federal Trade Commission Act

Sep 8, 1914

Creates FTC.
Investigastes business practices.

Clayton Anti-Trust

Oct 15, 1914

Expands sherman anti-trust act.
Outlaws price-fixing.
Exempts unions from sherman act.

Great Migration

May 15, 1916

Period from 1910 to 1930 when many African-Americans moved from the rural South to Northern cities.

U.S. enters WW I

Apr 6, 1917

German submarine warfare.
U.S. had ties to Great Britian.

14 Points

Jan 8, 1918

Wilson's peace plan.
Goal: eliminate the causes of war.

18th Amendment

Jan 16, 1919

Banned alcohol use.
Many broke the law.

Treaty of Versailles

Jan 28, 1919

Punishment of Germany.
Mandates.
National boundaries were redrawn.
League of nations.

Harlem Renaisssance

Mar 30, 1920

Explosion of black intellectual and cultural life.

19th Amendment

Aug 18, 1920

Women gain right to vote.

Immigration Restriction Act

May 26, 1921

Put a quota of how many immigrant could come from each country.
Allowed more from "old Immigrant" areas than "new Immigrant" areas.

Scopes Trial

Jul 10, 1925

TN teacher John Scopes was tried for teaching evolution.

CIO

Mar 30, 1928

New Union known as Congress of Industrial Organizations.

Hoover

Aug 10, 1928

Believed in "rugged Individualism."
Favored limited Government.

Great Depression

Oct 29, 1929

Time of severe economic hardship in the U.S. from 1929-1941.

Black Tuesday

Oct 29, 1929

The stock market crashed.

Dust Bowl

Mar 30, 1930

Horrible drought on the Great Plains.

FDR

Mar 30, 1932

Crushed Hoover.
Promised a new deal.

New Deal

Mar 4, 1933

FDR's programs to deal with the depression.

FDIC

Mar 30, 1933

Insures bank deposits.
Regulates banks.

Wanger Act

Jul 5, 1935

Protected workers rights to form unions and engage in collective bargaining.

Social Security Act

Aug 14, 1935

Provides safeguards for workers.
Disability and unemployment compensation.
Old age pensions.

Fair Labor Standards Act

Mar 30, 1938

Set maximum work hours and minimum wages.

Non-Aggression Pact

Aug 23, 1939

Stalin and Hitler agree not to attack each other.

War in Europe begins

Sep 1, 1939

Germany invaded Poland from the west in september 1939.
France and Britain declared war on germany to stop more German expansion.

Selective Service Act WW II

Oct 1, 1940

Drafted 10 million men into the military.

Germany invades Russia

Jun 22, 1941

Germany turned on the Soviet Union and invaded them in mid-1941.

Pearl Harbor

Dec 7, 1941

Surprise Air Attack on an U.S. Naval base.
Thousands die and crushed the U.S.'s pacific fleet.

U.S. declares war

Dec 8, 1941

FDR's requests war, and congress accepts.

Miracle of Midway

Jun 26, 1942

The U.S. navy beat a larger Japanese force.
Ended the threat to Hawaii.

D-Day

Jun 6, 1944

Led by Eisenhower.
Allies landed in german - occupied france.

Korematsu v U.S.

Oct 11, 1944

Supreme Court allowed internment.

Battle of the Bulge

Dec 16, 1944

German counter offensive.
The allies soon recovered.

V-E day

May 8, 1945

Allies from West and Soviet from East overran Germany.
Germany Surrendered.

Hiroshima A-Bomb

Aug 6, 1945

Truman used atomic bomb against japan.

Nagasaki A-Bomb

Aug 9, 1945

Second A-Bomb droped on Japan. Japan Surrendered.

Nuremburg Trials

Oct 25, 1945

Postwar trials of nazis for war crimes in the holocaust.

Division of Germany

Nov 30, 1945

Eastern became communist while the Western side became democratic.

Cold War

Dec 1, 1945

The uneasy peace after WWII, marked by a rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union , lasting from 1945-1991.

Marshall Plan

Apr 1, 1948

Massive U.S. financial aid package to rebuild Europe's economie.

Berlin Airlift

Jun 24, 1948

The Soviets blockaded West Berlin.
The U.S. Flew in supplies.

NATO

Apr 4, 1949

Defensive alliance among the U.S. & Western European Countries.

Communist takeover of china

Oct 1, 1949

Increased the fear of communist world domination.
Became rivals with the Soviet Union.

Korean War

Jun 25, 1950

Noth Korea invaded South Korea.
Divided Korea.

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Mar 6, 1951

Gave atomic secrets to the Soviets.
Electrocuted.

Eisenhower

Jan 20, 1953

Nuclear policy of Massive Retaliation.

Warsaw Pact

May 11, 1955

Alliance among Soviet Union & East European countries.

Sputnik

Oct 4, 1957

First satellite launched by the Soviet Union into space.

U2 Incident

May 1, 1960

Francis Gary Powers was shot down while spying over the Soviet Union.

JFK

Jan 21, 1961

"Ask not..."
U.S. would "Pay any price..."

Berlin Wall

Aug 23, 1961

Between East & West Berlin.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Oct 14, 1962

The Soviets stationed nuclear missiles in Cuba.
The world was close to nuclear war for many days.

JFK Asassination

Nov 22, 1963

Dallas TX, by lee Harvey Oswald.
Shook America's confidence.
Began a period of internal strife.