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Henry Cabot Lodge
He strongly supported both imperialism and a stronger navy.
He was in charge of the congressional committee that was in charge of investigators .
Was against joining the league of nations and felt the US world lose its freedom of action.
IMPERIALISM-A policy of ex trading a country's power and influence through diplomacy and military force. -
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Alfred Trayed Mahan
-Mahan influenced the US military policy by the ideas in his book "The influence of sea power upon history"
-Mahan's ideas influenced naval power by the US sealing new markets abroad through the navy on the seas, and his emphasis upon acquisition of naval bases, the ideas ran by the assistant secretary of the navy Theodore Roosevelt. -
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Sanford B.Dole
-his family developed the dole pineapple company
-the U.S navy used Hawaii as a gas station
-He had and active role in the over throw of the monarchy queen liluokalani of Hawaii and was elected as the first president in 1893 for the U.S.
-U.S annexed Hawaii during the Sp-Am war and dole became Hawaii's 1st governor. -
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Spanish American War
- was a conflict between U.S and Spain. -The war was to end Spanish colonial rule in the U.S and a chance for U.S to be an empire. -it was in the western pacific and latin America like Philippines, Samoa,Guam, wake island and Cuba. -congress support a modernization program that would make American navy effective and strong.
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open door policy
-purpose of the policy was to give all nations equal rights when trading with china.
-The treat would oppose any attempt by other nations to use the rebellion as an excuse to dismember china.
-This policy was the united states attempt towards world power. -
presidency of theodore roosevelt
-Roosevelt unexpectedly became the 26th president of the u.s after the assassination f McKinley.
-roosevelts "square deal" domestic program included a promise to battle large industrial combinations.
-foreign policy was to bring the united out of its isolation and fulfill its responsibility as a world power.
-after the death of garret Hobart, Theodore became vice-president. -
Panama canal
-The panama canal took 1 years to build.
-The price of the build was $403.
-The U.S helped free panama from Columbia to set access for the build. -
Dollar Diplomacy
-was to create stability and order abroad that would best promote American commercial interests.
-To improve financial opportunities, to use private capital further U.S interests overseas.
-Jaft administration concentrated on assiting American businessmen in the protection and expansion of investment and trade, specially in latin America and far east.
-If latin American countries did not pay their dept the U.S government sent marines to collect. -
weapons of total war part 1
-submarines o U-boats also known as 'undersea boats' were created to fight war on sea.
-Developed to gain advantage in the warfare.
-extremely affective against merchant ships,and hindering the allies supply line.
-explosive device concealed under water or on ground to destroy or disable enemy targets, coming from combat to vehicles,and tanks,a they passed over or near it.
-developed to create defensive tactical barriers,channeling attacking forces.
-Decreased the use of submarines and U-boats. -
roosevelt corollary
convinced that all of latin America was vulnerable to European attack
president Roosevelt dusted of the corollary
Monroe doctrine blocked further expansions to Europe in the western hemisphere, Roosevelt corollary went one step further
was used to justify us invention throughout the hemisphere -
sussex pledge
the Sussex pledge was a promise made in 1916 during ww1 by Germany to the u.s. prior to the letters entry into the war, early in 1915 Germany had instituted a policy of unrestricted ships, but not passenger ships to be torpedoed without warning -
Espionage act
-the act designed to crush subversion and silence crities of the war. for those convicted of aiding the enemy obstructing military resultment, protesting conception say or doing anything to impede the war effort.
-The maximum fine was up to 810,000 an 20 years in federal prison. -
zimmerman telegram
-This was a message from the Germany foreign minister to mexico.
-The war between the U.S and Germany is published on the front pages of newspaper across America to help bring America into ww1. -
German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
-Reasons why the U.S joined the war are, when German U-boats quarantine British isles, German U-boats sink merchant ships, and also because German U-boats sink a merchant ships. -
Fourteen Point Plan
-The fourteen point plan ideas were distributed world wide by the government writing for George creel in the American committee on public information.
million of copies of booklets and pamphlets that explained Wilsons plans were distributed to allied nations and dropped from lanes above Germany.
allies agreed to accept the fourteen points as the basis for the country peace negotiations if wilsons would agree to two reservations. -
american expeditionary force
-the commanding general was john j. pershing
-the AEF's nickname was "doughboys"-u.s. divisions were deployed
-they had 500,000-1,000,000 men,the AEF sustained about 320,000 casualties an 204,000 wounded during the war
-u.s. divisions were deployed with French and british units to gain combat experience by defending relatively quiet sectors of their lines. the AEF helped push the allied powers towards victory under the command of genera john j. pershing -
weapons of total war part2
Machine Gun: fully automatic mounted or portable firearm, design to fire bullets in a quick succession from an ammunition belt, developed for rapid firing, one of the most deadliest and devastating weapons.
Trench Warfare: method of fighting where opposing armies fought from and defended their territories using a system of dug out trenches, to construct a though out system that underwent constant revision, protected men from machine guns. -
battle of aragonne forest
-The AEF (American expeditionary force) assembled 600,000 soldiers and 40,000 pieces of artillery.
-A total of 1.2 million Americans were involved 117,000 were killed or wounded.
-Fought threw the hilly terrain shattered the German line
-final allied offensive of worldwar1 that stretched along the entire western front to help end the war. -
Alvin York
-He was said to kill over 20 german soldiers an capture an additional 132 at the head of a small detachment in the Argonne forest near the Meuse river in France
-The german commander had underestimated the size of the enemy squadron, surrendered his garrison some 90 men.
-York was awarded the highest American military decoration, the congressional medal of honor. -
supreme court
The first amendment violated when congress makes a law that punishes opinions against the war.
- congress passed a law called the esponage act which said that during wartime abstructing the draft was a crime.
-The court ruled that there is limits to free speech free speech is not protected from fasely "shouting fire in a crowded theater and causing panic"
-The first amendment did not protect words that create a "clear an present danger". -
Treaty Of Versailles
-The treaty's terms was Germany to take the blame, Germany had to give up land to France and 4 others countries, Germany had to pay for all reparations an the German army was limited to 100,000 men, and the league of nations was created.
-The US saw this as a unfair punishment, so Wilson prepared 14 points.
The US was offend t join the league,but turned it down, because of foreign affairs, so the US went into isolation until the stock market crashed. -
league of nations
-the treaty created the league of nations, an organization of nations pledged to defend each other against aggressors.
-The united states congress denied president wilsons 14 points along with the league nations.
-The league was severely weakend when several major powers such as the united states and Russia failed to join it. -
Sinking of the USS Maine
-The main was sent to Cuba to protect American citizens while the Cuban revolutionaries were fighting Spain for independence.
-The news paper writers on blamed Spain for the explosion so there was a public uproar.
-Many Americans saw this as a chance to seize other overseas possession and begin building an American empire. -
sinking of lusintania
-Less than a year after world war 1 (1914-18) erupted across Europe, a german U-boat torpedoed and sank the RMS lusintania, a british ocean liner en route from new York to Liverpool, England.
-of the more than 1,900 passengers and crew members on board, Nearly two years would pass before the united states formally entered world war 1, but the sinking of the lusitania played a significant role in turning public opinion against Germany,both in the united staes and abroad -
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World War 1
Central powers -astria-hungary, german empire, ottoman empire, kingdom of Bulgaria, Italy an united states.
Triple entente-france, Russia, Britain, japan