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Eli Whitney
• He was an American inventor; his most famous invention was the cotton gin
• The cotton gin became one of the most important inventions of the industrial revolution
• It helped to make cotton a profitable crop to grow in the south -
Louisiana Purchase
• It was the sale of the Louisiana territory from the French to the U.S.
• Thomas Jefferson paid 50 million francs or 11 million dollars
• The territory included 828,000 square miles and encompassed 15 states -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
• Started by Thomas Jefferson, shortly after the Louisiana Purchase
• Enlisted the help of Army volunteer Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
• The expedition started on May 1804 and ended on September of 1806
• The main objective was to map the Louisiana Territory
• The secondary objective was to study plant and animal life -
Abolitionism
• The movement to end slavery
• Took place in the all the United States but specifically the south
• It also caused southern and northern tensions to rise eventually started the civil war -
Andrew Johnson
December 29, 1808- July 31, 1875
He was the 17th president of the U.S. serving from 1865 to 1869. He had to step up as president when Lincoln was assinated, being vice president. He served as the governer for Tennessee as a democrat, and in the congress; however, he was the first president to be impeached. Johnson was trying to reconstruct the South, when he clashed with many republicans. He was impeached and people wondered what it would be like if Lincoln was still in office. -
Misssouri Compromise
It was passed in 1820 between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery portions in the U.S Congress. Missouri wanted permission in 1819 to join the Union as a slave state. It messed up the balance between the free and the slave states in the U.S. To keep the peace, Congress made a two-part compromise, granting Missouri’s request but also letting Maine be a free state. It also passed an amendment that, established a boundary between free and slave states. -
Monroe Doctrine
• It was a document that was first stated by President James Monroe
• It stated that any attempt that Europe made to colonize North or South American would be seen as an act of aggression to the U.S.
• The main focus was to free newly independent Latin American countries -
Erie Canal
• The Erie Canal is a 363 mile long canal that stretches from Albany, New York to Buffalo, New York
• Building of the canal was started on 1817 and ended on 1825
• It was the first means of transportation from New York to the Great Lakes
• The canal cut transportation costs by about 95% -
Nullification Crisis
The Nullification Crisis arose in the early 1830s when leaders of South Carolina came up with the idea that the state did not have to follow a federal law. John Calhoun was elected to the senate where he promoted this idea. The 1828 tariff was so controversial, in different places in the country, that it became known as the Tariff of Abominations.The crisis was finally put to rest, but the Nullification Crisis demonstrated that problems of different regions could cause huge problems. -
Nate Turner
• He was a slave who led a revolt in Virginia
• His rebellion killed 60 men, women, and children
• In the end he was captured, hanged, and almost 200 black people were executed because they were thought to have ties to him -
Grimke Sisters
Angelina Grimke and her sister Sarah Grimke were legends in this time period. They spoke in front of crowds of mixed races, and different genders. They testified in front of legislatures about women's and african american rights. They wanted to end slavery and end recial discrimination. The Grimke sisters were among the first abolitionists to recognize the importance of women’s rights and to speak and write about the cause of female equality. -
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Manifest Destiny
• Manifest destiny was the belief that the U.S. should expand its territy over the whole of North America
• The belief to promote and defend democracy and redeem the old world through example -
Seneca Falls conference
• It was one of the first women’s rights conventions to take place in the western world
• Many of the attendees were radical Quakers led my Elizabeth Stanton
• It was the start of more women seeking more rights for themselves -
Kansas- Nebraska Act
It was the most single and significant event leading into the civil war. People wanted to move into Nebraska, but they couldn't because they could not llegaly claim land. This act made it possible for Kansas and Nebraska to have slavery, which the Missouri Compromise prevented in 1820.The North was outraged causing more political effects. -
Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott, a slave who had lived with his owner in a free state before returning to the slave state of Missouri. Scott argued that his time spent in these locations entitled him to emancipation. The court decided no black or slave could be entitled to U.S citezenship. However, with the Missouri Compromise Scott was actually free. The court denied freedome to him. -
John Brown's Raid
He led 18 men into Harper's ferry, his plan was to have a major slave rebellion. He did not have a escape route or anything, it was very unorganized from the beginning. He was arrested, sent to Virginia and tried for treason in less than 36 hours of starting this rebellion, it was over. He was executed, some honored him and some saw how big of a mistake he made. -
Fort Sumter
• Sea port in Charleston harbor in south Carolina
• Shots were made her beginning the American civil war
• This is the historic place where the battle of fort Sumter had taken place around 1861 -
Jefferson Davis
• American leader of the confederacy in the American Civil War
• President of the Confederate States of America from February 9th 1861-1865
• Argues against succession but believed in states’ rights to secede
• Printed paper money to cover wars expenses
• Not well-liked
• May 10th 1865 he was captured and committed for treason
• Lived with his wife until he dies in 1889 -
Battle of Antietam
• This battle was fought on Wednesday, September 17, 1862
• First major battle in the American civil war
• Bloodiest one day battle in American history
• Nearly 23,000 dead or wounded from both sides combined -
Emancipation Proclamation
• Freedom of all slaves -
Stonewall Jackson
• Military career of 1862 During the Valley Campaign
• Service as corps commander in the northern Virginia army under Robert E Lee
• Shot at the battle of Chancellorsville on May 2nd 1863 in which he survived but lost an arm
• Died of pneumonia 8 days later -
Battle at Vicksburg
• Last major military action in the American civil war
• Grant decided to besiege the city beginning on May 25th,1863. Without help, supplies almost gone, and after holding out for more than nearly forty days, the garrison finally surrendered on July 4th -
Battle of Gettysburg
• Fought in Pennsylvania from the dates of July 1 through the 3rd of 1863
• Biggest number of casualties in the American Civil War
• Ended Lees invasion of the North
• Nearly 46,000 and somewhere between 51,000 soldiers from both armies died in the three-day battle -
Battle for Atlnata
• Fought during the American civil war
• Seize important rail and supply center
• Battle fell September 2nd 1864
• Atlanta was captured and military facilities were burned -
William T. Sherman
• American solider
• General in the Union Army
• Known as the “first modern general”
• Served under general Ulysses in 1862
• Led his troops to capture the city of Atlanta
• Accepted surrender of all Confederate armies in both of the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida in April 1865 -
13th Amendment
• Outlaws slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime -
14th Amendment
• Grants citizenship to everyone born in the US and subject to its jurisdiction and protects civil and political rights -
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• She was an social activist and one of the first leading figures in the women’s rights movement
• She addressed many important issues like voting, divorce, abortion, and employment
• Opposed the amendments that gave black males the rights to vote while all woman was still not allowed to vote -
15th Amendment
• Prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's race, color, or previous condition of servitude -
William Lloyd Garrison
• He was a famous abolitionist and editor of the newspaper The Liberator
• One of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society
• He was also a supporter for women’s suffrage -
Sitting Bull
Sitting Bull was a Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux holy man who led his people as a tribal chief during years of resistance to United States government policies -
Compromise of 1877
The Compromise of 1877 took place after the Presidential Election of 1876, when Congress formed the Electoral Commission to resolve disputed Democratic Electoral votes from the South. The unfair voting not be overturned unless the Republican and the Democratic senate's agreed. The Compromise of 1877 was an unwritten, informal deal between the Republican and Democrats of Congress to recognize this Republican president if certain actions took place. -
Frederick Douglass
• He was a former slave he escaped and later became a abolitionist leader
• He was a big supporter of equality for every color and gender
• He also wrote many famous books narrating his life as a slave and the hardships that he went through -
American Federation of Labor
It was the first federations of labor unions in the U.S. The AFL focused on securing for its members higher wages, better working conditions, and a shorter work week. It made few gains because they did not attempt to organize unskilled workers. President Coolidge took care to cultivate good personal relations with its leaders. -
Wounded Knee
Wounded Knee was the site of two conflicts between North American Indians and representatives of the U.S. government in a reserve in South Dakota. In 1973, members of the American Indian Movement took over Wounded Knee for 71 days to protest conditions on the reservation. It was an effort to stop horrassment of the Indians. -
Ellis Island
Ellis island served as a federal immigration station until 1954 when it closed. 2.3 million immigrants crossed through Ellis Island to escape dictatorship, poverty, war, drought, and many other things. There was a act created, called the Quota Act of 1921 to limit the number of immigrants allowed into the U.S.
