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55 BCE
Native tribes were conquered by the Romans
The native tribes in the central and estern parts of England were conquered by the Romans. -
43 BCE
Roman settlements were established
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1066
Norman Conquest
Invasion and occupation of England by an army of Norman, Breton, Flemish, and French soldiers, all led by the Duke of Normandy later styled William the Conqueror. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_England) -
1215
Magna Carta
Is a document guaranteeing English political liberties that was drafted at Runnymede, a meadow by the River Thames, and signed by King John on June 15, 1215, under pressure from his rebellious barons. (https://www.britannica.com/topic/Magna-Carta) -
1495
King Henry VII
A period of consensus and stability followed the accession to the throne of the Tudor king Henry VII. -
1536
The United Kingdom was formed by Acts of Union between England and Wales
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The steam machine was first used
The Industrial Revolution began at the end of the seventeenth century, specifically in the machine-driven manufacturing processes made possible by the steam engine. -
Scotland joined the UK
Uniting the three nations under a single monarchy and legislative council. -
Period: to
Period of Enclosures
Landlords cleared the peasantry from the rural landscape to create fields enclosed by hedgerows and fences and began to derive profit from new, scientific methods of intensive agricultural production rather than relying the meager tithes and rents paid by peasant smallholders. -
The British and Irish parliaments were united
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Period: to
Population growth
The populations of Glasgow, Manchester, Liverpool, and Birmingham doubled or tripled and many major towns and cities grew up around mines, mills, smelting works, ports and railway junctions. -
British Navy
Britain had the world's largest and most powerful navy, and within twenty years steam railways and steam-powered ships designed by British engineers were carrying passengers and cargo for profit, allowing British shipping companies to dominate world trade. -
Period: to
Epidemics
Rapid industrialization caused overcrowding and disease; cholera epidemics provoked public unrest and forced the government to improve public health. -
Reform Act
It ended the political privileges of landed wealth by extending the vote to middle-class male heads of household. -
Disolution of the Union of Great Britain
A separatist movement led to the dissolution of the Union of Great Britain and Ireland. Twenty-six of Ireland's thirty-two counties became the independent Irish Free State with six of the nine counties of Ulster remaining within the United Kingdom. -
Debt to the International Monetary Fund
The nation was in debt to the International Monetary Fund. The discovery of oil in the North Sea in the 1970s saved the country from bankruptcy and stimulated economic recovery.
