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White Primary is abolished in GA.
info: http://tw0.us/S6
pic: http://tw0.us/Xd
The white primary disfranchised African Americans to be apart of the Democrate primaries. African Americans were guranteed the right to vote, but there was nothing in the US constituion about primary elections. It later on was abolished because the court ruled that it was unconstitutional. -
Integration of Armed Forces
info: http://tw0.us/Xr
pic: http://tw0.us/Xp
In July 1948, Harry S. Truman issued a calling to the military to end racial discrimination. It would take years for this to actually happen and possibly another war- before the military would end segrgation, but it needed to happen. -
Brown v. Board of Education
info: http://tw0.us/TZ
pic: http://tw0.us/Xf
The Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark decision made by the Supreme Court that declared state laws to have seperate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. This overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision in 1896 that allowed segregation. On May 17, 1954 The Warren Courts decision said that "seperate educational facilties are inherently unequal." This rule led the way for integration and the civil rights movement. -
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
info: http://tw0.us/Xh
pic::http://tw0.us/Ym
On Dec 1, 1955, An African American woman, Rosa Parks, was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white person. She was then thrown into jail, which then led to a huge protest from the black population demanding that she be set free. About a year later a federal ruling, Browder v. Gayle, took effect, and led to the US Supreme Court decision that decided that segregated buses were unconstitutional. -
Change to Georgia's state flag.
info:http://tw0.us/S0
pic:http://tw0.us/S0
At the 1956 session of the Gneral Assembly, Jefferson Lee Davis and Willis Harden introduced Senate Bill 98 to change the state flag. They wanted a flag that would incorporate the Confederate Battle Flag in it. The bill became active on July 1. The 1956 version, had the stars larger and only the center point of the central star points straight up. Also, it uses a different version of the state seal. -
Crisis at Central High School and the "Little Rock Nine"
info: http://tw0.us/S5
pic: http://tw0.us/Zd
The Little Rock Nine was a group of African American students who went to Little Rock Central Highschool in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957. This is known as one of the most important events in the Civil Rights Movement, because on their first day of school, The National Guard wouldn't let them in their own school and had them escorted in by white mobs that were threatening them the entire time. -
Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in ATL bombed.
info: http://tw0.us/Vo
pic: http://tw0.us/ZW
The Hebrew Benevolent Congregation, a reform Jewsih temple on peachtree in Atlanta, Georgia, Also known as "the temple." The congregation was targeted because African Americans and Jews were there, and to the Condfederates they are considered "aliens." -
Sibley Commission
info: http://tw0.us/Ui
pic: http://tw0.us/Xj
The Sibley Commission was established to study the problem of school integration., and was interviewed to find out how they felt about integration. The Commission was headed by John Sibley, and found out that most georgians that were interviewed said that they'd rather close schools then integrate them. Commissions recommended that school systems be aloud to decide for themselves. -
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All GA schools integrated
Hunter and Holmes show up at UGA campus with a police report. The Alumni and GA politicans pleaded with the govenor to close UGA instead of allowing Hunter and Holmes to attend school. Govenor doesnt want to stop segregation, all though in his election he said that he'd keep GA's schools segregate. Later on Holmes graduated from UGA, and so did Hunter. Govenor Vandiver's reaction to UGA's integration made Georgia's school desegregation more settle than other states. -
Integration of UGA.
info: http://tw0.us/Tk
pic: http://tw0.us/Za
On January 6, 1961 deferal district court put an end to 160 years of segregation at The University of Georgia. Rumors spread about the University closing; students freaked out, but were told to attend their regualr activities and remain calm. On January 11, a mob formed outside of the Hunters dormitory and caused a great deal of damage. State officials took care of the rioters. -
Freedom Rides
info: http://tw0.us/YT
pic:: http://tw0.us/YV
Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who rode buses into segregated southern US in 1961. They challenged the Supreme Court by riding public transportation in the South to challenge lasw enforced about segregation. They got national attention. Police ended up arresting riders, and sometimes let white mobs attack them. -
Albany Movement
info: http://tw0.us/Xi
pic: http://tw0.us/YN
The Albany Movement was a desegregation action formed in Albany, Georgia, on Nov. 17, 1961. The SNCC and the NAACP were both involved in the movement. The movement was led by William G. Anderson. In December 1961, MLK and SCLC became involved, This movement mobilized a lot of citizens and attracted a ton of attention but didn't accomplish it's goals because of it's position. All though it was a key lesson in tactics for the civil rights movement, -
Birmingham Protests
info: http://tw0.us/XU
pic: http://tw0.us/Xk
The Birmingham campaign was a movement organized by the SCLC to bring attention to unequal treatment to African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama. High school students and college students began to attend opnce the campaign ran low on volunteer demonstrators. Not all of the protesters were peaceful, some attacked the police, who reacted with force. Majority of the protesters were hit by high powered pressure water. -
March on Washington DC
info:a href='http://tw0.us/WT'
pic: http://tw0.us/Y3
The March on Washington DC had about 250,000 people participate in a peaceful protest to promote Civil Rights and equality for African Americans. The people walked down the Constitution and Independence Avenue. The march was initiated by A. Phillip Randolph. This march had such a tremendous impact, that it was larger than any other protest. -
16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham bombed.
info: http://tw0.us/Vr
pic: http://tw0.us/ZD
The 16th street baptist church in Birmingham, Alabama was bombed on Sept 15, 1963 by the KKK by a planted box of dynamite. This explosion became a turning point in the US Civil Rights Act of 1964. The church was a main target because it had been a location point for civil rights activities, and was where students that had been arrested in the past, trained. -
Civil Rights Act 1964 passed.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 put a stop to racial segregation and discrimination towards woman, and made it illegal. This act also made it mandatory for employers to have equal employment opportunities just like white people do, but for African Americans. The Civil Rights act also tried to make it to where African Americans could have the right to vote, instead of being denied because of their skin color. This act was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965 passed
info: http://tw0.us/XK
picture: http://tw0.us/Zc
The voting rights act was signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson. He called this day "a triumph for freedom as huge as any victory that has ever been won on any battle." It abolished literacy tests and poll taxes made to disenfranchise black voters. -
Summerhill Race Riot (Atlanta)
info: http://tw0.us/Xu
pic: http://tw0.us/Xv
Summerhill was a four day race riot that happened in Atlanta. The leader of Summerhill was Stokely Carmichael and was accused of encouraging police brutality. There was one death and twenty injuries in the riots. The Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr. went to the riot, and worked with the police and black leaders to try to end the chaos. -
MLK assassinated
Martin Luther Kind Jr. was shot in the face and neck standing on the balcony of Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee,where he came to lead a peaceful march. Within an hour later he was officially dead in St.Joseph Hosipital. Not loo long after the assassination the police ended up catching the white mustang and found a riffle in the car. James Earl Ray was later on found guilty of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Atlanta's reaction was non-violent unike all the other states. -
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JKF assassination
info: http://tw0.us/Wd
pic: http://tw0.us/Zb
On November 22, 1963, in Ddealay Plaza, Dallas, Texas. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was shot while traveling in a presidental motorcade. He was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald. Oswald was later on assassinated before he could be brought to trial for the murder of JFK.
