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Period: to
Civil Rights Movement
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GA White Primary Abolished
Picture:Info:White Primary kept blacks from voting after the Civil War. Blacks could vote in General Election, but it was to no significance in Georgia, because there was only one dominant party. In the case King v, Chapman White Primary systems were ruled unconstitutional. They were abolished; Blacks vote in 1946 Primary Election. -
Integration of the Armed Forces
Picture:Info:President Truman signs Executive Order 9981 calling all armed forces to integrate as fast as possible. This was a a big task and took over 2 years to complete. Truman new it would reduce miltary racial tention, and it would help the military needs in Korea. It would also make the US look more moraly sound. -
Brown vs Board of Education
Picture:Info:Oliver Brown and over a dozen more black parents filed a lawsuit agianst the Topeka Board of Eduacation. After being turned down at the state court, the case was taken to the U.S. Supreme Court. It was ruled in favor of the Linda Brown and other black students and overturned the decision in Plessy v. Fegusen. -
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery BusBoycot
Picture Here:Info:Following the arrest of Rosa Parks on the Motgomery Bus, blacks of Montgomery began a bus boycott that lasted just over a year. Dr. Martin Luther King was made spokesperson for the movement, and constantly taught non-violent protest to blacks and other protesters in the area. Using the "Brown" case as leverage along with the boycott, blacks in Montgomery one full integration for the city bus. -
Change to Georgia's state flag
Picture Link:Info:In 1956, three Georgia officials incuding 2 GA State Legislators agreed to intoduce a new state flag. The flag would be include the "Stars and Bars" of the Confederate battle flag. Coincidentally, this was around the same time of the Brown v. Board of Education case and Marvin Griffin's "massive resistance" plan against school integration. Many thought it showed racism in the South. -
Crisis at Central High School and the “Little Rock Nine”
Picture Link:Info:The court case Brown v. Board of Education required all school systems to integrate; this did not go over well in Little Rock, Arkansas. Melba Patillo Beals, Elizabeth Eckford, Ernest Green, Gloria Ray Karlmark, Carlotta Walls Lanier, Terrance Roberts, Jefferson Thomas, Minnijean Brown Trickey, and Thelma Mothershed Wair known as the "Little Rock Nine" were greeted by a mob of angry whites during their attempt to go to school. It required Pres. Eisenhower to send in the military to get them in. -
Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in ATL bombed
Picture Link:Info:The Hebrew Benevolent Congregation also known as "The Temple" located on Peachtree St. was bombed bombed by 5 white supremecists. It is presumed to have been a target because of Rabbi Jacob Rothchild involvement with Civil Rights and promotion of integration. -
Sibley Commission
Picture Link:InfoSchool systems will not integrate. The Sibley Commision, headed by John Sibley, is created to study problems with school integration, After interviewing many Georgian's about integration, they found that the majority would rather have schools shut down rather than integrated. The commision suggested it should be the school systems choice wether to integrate. This sprung the popularity and growth of private schools, allowing students to avoid integration. -
Integration of the University of Georgia
Info:Picture Link:Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter were the first two black students at UGA, but it wasn't wasy. Both students attended Turner High School where they were high achieving students. In fact, it took many court orders and protection from state troopers but finally were fully admitted to the school. This opened integration for many other institutions. -
Albany Movement
Picture Link:Info:After the U.S. Supreme Court decided segregating interstate bus & trains stations was illegal, NAACP workers along with SNCC started challenging the deciiscion by sitting in the "whites only"section at the Albany bus station, For months, protestors were arrested and out in what seemed like unlimited jail space. The result was not complete success on either side. The bus stations were not quickly desegregated, but a biracial commitee started to persue the concerns of blacks in Albany. -
Freedom Rides
Picture Link:Info:Thirteen CORE volunteers consisting of 7 blacks and 6 whites rode together in buses to challenge the U.S. Supreme Court case Boynton v. Virginia. They met heavy resistance from whites across the South. As the violence grew, more volunteers began to join the Freedom Riders campaign. It was a success; only 8 months after they began, the ICC prohibited all desegregation of transportation fecilities. -
Birmingham, AL protest
Picture Link:Info:Black parents and children take to the streets of Birmingham. Led by the SCLC and Dr. Martin Luther King, they would stop at nothing to fight injustice in Alabama. The results were daily arrests throughout the protests, but what is known as Double D-Day it became violent. Police beat protestors with nightsticks, released attack dogs into the crowd, and open fired high power fire hoses on the public. It pressured Birmingham Officials into desegregating facilities and fix hiring practices. -
Birmingham, AL protests
Picture Link:Info: (Continued From Other Event.)The violence pressured President Kennedy into introducing Civil Rights legislation and start breaking down Jim Crow Laws. -
March on Washington DC
Picture Link:Info Here:Well over 200,000 protestors joined together from groups like CORE, NAACP, SCLC, SNCC, NALC, and others. Many of the leaders gave speeches including Dr.King's famous "I Have A Dream" speech. After the protest, black leaders including Dr.King met with both the Vice President Johnson and President Kennedy to support Civil Rights Legislation. The march can be given partial credit for the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act. -
16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham bombed
Picture Link:Info Here:Four girls, Denise McNair, Carole Robertson, Cynthia Wesley, and Addie Mae Collins, were brutally murdered by a bomb planted by 4 Ku Klux Klan members. The church was attacked in retaliation and resistance against integration in schools. The FBI took this case very lightly and didn't convict the first murderer for 14 years. this event along with others in the South fueled the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. -
John F. Kennedy assassinated
Picture Link:Info Here:At 12:30, President Kennedy was shot while riding in a motorcade going through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was presumed the assassin of President Kennedy, but was murdered by a nightclub owner on live television before a trial could be held. Kennedy was succeeded by Lyndon Johnson. -
Civil Rights Act 1964 passed
Picture Link:Info Here:Just days after JFK's assassination, President Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It guaranteed the end of segregation in public facilities and in businesses; it ended employment discrimination. -
1965 Voting Rights Act Passes
Picture Link:Info Here:Also passed by President Lyndon Johnson, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was meant to protect the 15th amendment. After the Civil War, most southern states used Literacy Tests and other tactics to keep blacks from using their new rights. The bill terminated all racist and discrimanatory voting procedures. It put an end to harrassment, threats, and demonstrations to try and get blacks to not vote, -
Summerhill Race Riot (Atlanta)
Picture Link:Info Here:A black, suspected car thief, was shot by police in Summerhill, Georgia. Close to one thousand people join in the riot. It supposedly resulted in 1 death and 35 injuries. Stokely Carmichael leader of SNCC was arrested for starting riot. -
MLK assassinated
Picture Link:Info:On April 4, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was shot and killed on the balcony of Lorraine Motel in Memphis, TN. The man eventually convicted of the crime was James Earl Ray. Ray shot Dr.King from a boarding house only a block away. -
All GA schools integrated
Picture Link:Info Link:Governor Vandiver is elected promising to keep schools segregated. Most of Georgia's white population wants to resist integration at all costs, and they prefer the closing of the schools over integrating them. Vandiver does not want to attract attention to Georgia so he is forced to comply to the federal governments demands. Although Georgians weren't happy, it set a good example for other states to follow.
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