Unit 4 timeline

Fall of the Byzantine Empire

1453 BCE

The Byzantine Empire fell due to many reasons. These reasons include wars, economic problems and religious problems.

Great Schism

1378 BCE

It was the separation of the Catholic church of the West from the orthodox churches in the east. It was caused by disagreements between the West and the east. Many people during this time claimed to be popes.

Black Death

1346 BCE

It was a devastating epidemic of a plague that spread across Europe and Asia. The disease spread quickly killing about 25 million people. It was caused by bacteria that was transmitted through rats.

Hundred years war

1337 BCE

This war was a conflict between England and France over territorial rights and issues of the French throne. The war lasted for 116 years and consisted of many battles. The French ultimately ended up winning the war.

Italian city-states sack Constantinople

1204 BCE

This event marked the culmination of the fourth crusade. They destroyed most of Constantinople. After the city's sacking, most of the Byzantine Empire's territories were divided up among the crusaders.

First Crusade successfully takes Jerusalem

1099 BCE

The success of the first Crusade was possible due to spiritual devotion, military tactics, strong leadership and Muslim disunity. They established Latin kingdoms in the east. Jerusalem was a holy city for Christianity.

The Crusade

1096 BCE

It was organized by western European Christians after Muslim expansion. Their goal was to stop the expansion of Muslim state. They also wanted to recapture area that originally belong to them.

Cordoba

756 BCE

This Caliphate was successful because Muslims, Jews, and Christians got along as a result of the tolerance of other religions. It was a great learning center that consisted of many educational buildings.

Abbasid Caliphate

750 BCE

It was the second of two great dynasties of the Muslim empire. It was known for consolidating Islamic rule. It was also important to cultural developments in the Middle East during that time period.

Abbasid

750 BCE

It was an Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate. They had an unbroken line of caliphs for over three centuries. They cultivated great intellectual and cultural developments.

Byzantine Empire

750 BCE

The empire consisted of a well organized government bureaucracy with good politicians. They reduced tax greatly among the poor. They also attempted to strengthen position of free farmers.

Umayyad

661 BCE

They were the first Muslim dynasty that was established in Damascus. They are known for bringing centralization and stability to the realm. They also continued military expansion.

Umayyad Caliphate

661 BCE

It was the second Caliphate established after the death of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. It was known for spreading Islam. It was also greatly responsible for spreading the Arabic language over a vast area.

Rapid Spread of Islam

640 BCE

Factors that contributed to the rapid growth of Islam include military conquests, appealing religious message and tolerance towards other monotheistic religions. They also had good geographical advantages.

Death of Muhammad

632 BCE

It was believed that Muhammad died due to being poisoned by a women. The poison was not effective immediately but went into effect after some time. His last words were supposedly "Allah".

Conquest of Arabia

632 BCE

The invasion came as a result of restrictions opposed to Arab traders and their ability to trade. Muslim armies from Saudi Arabia began to travel across Asia and Africa. They had good teamwork which allowed them to defeat their opponents easily.

Early spread of Islam

622 BCE

The first Islamic state was established during this time period. Muhammad's leadership in Medina spread greatly. He was accepted as the common leader by the Aws and Khazraj.

Muhammad's spiritual journey

610 BCE

Muhammad received his first revelation at the age of 40. He continued his revelation over 23 years.

Birth of Prophet Muhammad

570 BCE

Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. He was orphaned at an early age. He was born into a powerful tribe called the Quarish.

Roman influence

476 BCE

Western Europe becomes more fragmented politically. Witchcraft trials are also common during this time. Roman influence gradually changes in the West.