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Indian Removal Act
This act was signed by Andrew Jackson. The act said people settling West of the Mississippi had to the right to take the land regardless if there was already people (Native Americans) on the land. Some tribes went peacefully but a lot of wars were started. -
Susan B Anthony
She was an American social reformer and women's rights activist, who played a big part in women's suffrage. She was raised around social equality and collected petitions for anti-slavery. She began an agent for the American Anti-Slavery Society. -
Nativism
Nativism is a policy of favoring natives other than immigrants. This caused immigrants problems getting jobs and adapting to a new culture and language. White people were favored for being "native." -
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew identified himself as one of the richest men in America. He was a leader for the steel industry to expand, he invested a lot of money in railroads, sleeping cars, and bridges. At the end of his life he gave away majority of his fortune to benefit America. -
Manifest Destiny
The 19th century belief that the expansion of the US was justified by God. People believed the land was entitled to them, because that's what God wanted. This led to white Americans living from coast to coast. -
Homestead Act
People headed West Ward could pay 10 dollars and register to settle on 160 acres of land. That person had to farm, and built a house, or they wouldn't be able to have the land after 5 years. This persuaded a lot of people to go West. -
Industrialization
Industrialization was set off when people were settling West and had the opportunity to have land. Industrialization is the creation of industries and businesses in a region. Industrialization led to huge economic growth. -
Populism & Progressivism
Populists wanted a secret ballot and direct election for senators. They also wanted civil services reforms, 8 hours in a day of labor class. Progressivism was started because of the unfair election system, exploitation of workers, women and children, and corruption in business and government. Rich people opposed progressivism. -
Urbanization
Urbanization was making the land more "urban" meaning more buildings, factories, and people. Urbanization was so common in the 19th Century because there was so many technology advancements. Railroads made it possible for big business. -
Jane Addams
Jane Addams graduated from Rockford Female Seminary in 1881 where she was the valedictorian. She was known as the "mother" of Social Work. Also she was a leader in womans rights. -
Civil Service Reform Act
This Act created the United States Civil Service Commission. It placed employees on the merit system. This meant employees should be rewarded based on merit not on political affiliation. -
Dawes Act
The Dawes Act was a way for the US government to try to break up reservations. The federal government wanted to give land to individual Indians not tribes. The governments goal to assimilate Native Americans was unsuccessful. -
Haymarket Riot
This was a rally at Haymarket Square and it was organized by radicals trying to protest. The rioters wanted to protest the killing and hurting of workers by Chicago police during a strike. When police tried to break up the riot someone threw a bomb and 1 civilian and 7 police died. -
The Gilded Age
The Gilded Age was an era of extreme economic growth. American ages were high were influenced people to move to America. The rapid expansion of Industrialization promised jobs. -
William Jennings Bryan
He was an American politician from Nebraska who was on the Democratic Party. He was nominated for president many times, but never was elected. He's famous for his speech criticizing the gold standard. -
Klondike Gold Rush
This was a migration of around 100,000 people to western-Canada with the belief they would find gold. The news of Gold traveled all down the West coast of America. Only a few people became rich, while others had to leave disappointed. -
Initiative & Referendum
The first ever initiative was in 1898 in South Dakota. An initiative process where people can sign a petition and get a public vote. While referendum is the publics way to veto something. -
Political Machines
A political machine is a political organization in which a small group or boss commands support. They want rewards for their efforts. They wanted to assure their candidates were elected, and the city government was in their favor. -
Third Parties Politics
A third party is any party that failed to out vote the two strongest parties. Third parties were really active during the time of Westward Expansion. They influenced a lot of ideas. -
Theordore Roosevelt
He was the 26th President of the United States. He was an author, solider, explorer, and naturalist. He created a lot of America's natural parks. -
Upton Sinclair
Upton was an author who wrote hundreds of books. He's famous for writing a book that exposed the meat packing industry. This led to the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act. -
Muckraker
A muckraker is someone who exposes corrupt political and business leaders. A muckraker looks for people to expose, so they can make some kind of profit. In 1906 journalists and muckrakers went hand in hand. -
16th Amendment
Congress is allowed to collect income taxes on all Americans. This allows the government to keep the army, build road and bridges, and other important funded things. They won't share the tax with the states, a federal tax is necessary. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
This act started by the exposure of the food industry by Upton Sinclair. This Act was created to prevent misbranded or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liqours to be sold. The meat packaging industry was known for unsanitary packaging. -
Dollar Diplomacy
Dollar Diplomacy is a foreign policy. This policies ideals were to create stability and promote American commercial interests. However, it wasn't very successful. -
Ida B Wells
Ida B Wells was a civil rights and women's rights activist. She exposed the lynchings in the US in 1890. She was one of the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1909. -
17th Amendment
People are allowed to directly vote for their Senators the state legislatures no longer chose them. This Amendment also stated the terms of Senators. Senators have one vote, there's two each state, and if elected they're in office for 6 years. -
Federal Reserve Act
A U.S. legislation that created the current Federal Reserve System. This was intended to establish economic stability through the Central Bank. The Central Bank would be in charge of the monetary policy. -
Eugene V. Debbs
He ran for president for 5 times for the socialist party. He was known for his speech about World War I in 1918, which led to his arrest. He was the founder of the American Railroad Union. -
18th Amendment
The 18th Amendment prohibited alcohol in the United States. This included transporting, making or selling it. This Amendment was ratified in 1919, meaning in 1920 alcohol was now illegal. -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment says citizens shouldn't be denied the right to vote base on sex. This meant in 1920 women were given the right to vote. Women's suffrage was a huge step forward for the women's rights movement. -
Suffrage
Suffrage is the right to vote. In 1920 the 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote. At this time no one based on sex, religion, race, etc should of been denied their right to vote. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
The TeaPot Dome Scandal was the secret leasing of federal oil reserves by the Secretary of the interior. Secretly rights were granted relating to oil to the wrong people. This was the biggest scandal in the country at the time. -
Clarence Darrow
Clarence Darrow was an American lawyer. He defended high profile people. He also was a leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union. -
Immigration and the American Dream
People wanted to move Westward in the 19th century America. These immigrants had a dream of owning their own land, being independent, and becoming wealthy. People believed all these goals would be accomplished in the West.
