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2000 BCE
Creation of Mayan Calendar system
The Mayan calendar system was created around 2000 BCE in the Maya civilization. It is significant because it combined various cycles, including a 260 day ceremonial calendar and a 365 day solar calendar. This allowed the Mayans to track time for agriculture, religious events, and social activities. -
2000 BCE
Establishment of the Mayan Empire
The Mayan Empire started around 2000 BCE. They were well known for their stars, math, and writing. They built cities in the jungle and influenced many nearby cultures. -
750 BCE
Development of city states in Mayan civilization
Each of the city-states that the Mayans developed had it's own ruler and government. This was significant because it shaped the region's history by promoting trade and alliances between cities -
Period: 263 BCE to 144 BCE
Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a bunch of wars between Rome and Carthage. They were significant because they determined control over the Mediterranean region and eventually led to Rome becoming a dominant power -
60 BCE
Creation of First Triumvirate
The First Triumvirate was created by Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus in Rome. It was significant because it let these men control Roman politics and go past the Senate -
Period: 49 BCE to 45 BCE
Civil War between Pompey and Cesar
The civil war between Pompey and Caesar began when Caesar crossed the Rubicon River into Italy. It started in 49 BCE. This was significant because it ended the Roman Republic and led to Caesar becoming the sole ruler of Rome. -
45 BCE
Creation of Julian Calendar
The Julian Calendar was made by Julius Caesar in Rome to reform the old Roman calendar. It was significant because it introduced a more accurate, 365-day a year system. This became the basis for the calendar we continue to use today. -
43 BCE
Creation of Second Triumvirate
The second Triumvirate was made in 43 BCE by Octavian, Mark Anthony, and Lepidus in Rome. It was significant because it gave them power to defeat Caesar's assassin's and control Roman politics. This alliance eventually caused more civil wars, making Octavian the first emperor -
Period: 42 BCE to 30 BCE
Civil Wars between the assassins and the Second Triumvirate
These civil wars begin in 42 BCE after Caesar's murder. The triumvirate wanted revenge against the assassin's, Brutus, and Cassius. This was significant because it secured the triumvirate's power and eventually cause Octavian to become leader of Rome. -
27 BCE
Creation of the Praetorian Gaurd
The Praetorian Guard was created by Augustus Caesar as an elite unit to protect the emperor. It was significant because it provided security for the emperor and played a key role in Roman politics. It sometimes even influenced who became emperor. Over time, the guard became very powerful. -
27 BCE
Collapse of Roman Republic
The Collapse of the Roman Republic happened because of political conflict, civil wars, and power struggles among the leaders. This was significant because it marked the end of the republic and the rise of imperial rule which led to the establishment of the Roman empire. -
27 BCE
When Augustus Caesar becomes Emperor
Augustus Caesar became emperor in 27 BCE after defeating Mark Antony and Cleopatra, causing the end of the Roman Republic. This was significant because it created the Roman Empire and brought a long period of peace and prosperity known as the Pax Romana. -
Period: 27 BCE to 180
Creation of Pax Romana
The Pax Romana began when Augustus Caesar became the first Roman emperor and lasted for about 200 years. This period was significant because it brought peace and stability across the Roman Empire, This allowed for trade and culture to thrive. -
4 BCE
Jesus Birth
Jesus was born around 4 to 6 BCE in Bethlehem which is a town in Judea. His birth is significant because it marks the beginning of Christianity which would grow to become one of the world's major religions. He was born during the Roman Empire. -
Period: 64 to 313
Romana persecution of Christians
The Romans persecution of Christians began under Emperor Nero who blamed Christians for the Great Fire of Rome. These persecutions were significant because it showed tensions between the growing Christian community and the Roman authorities, leading to suffering among Christians. These persecutions were mostly in Rome and then spread to other parts of the empire. -
410
Visigoths attack Rome
The Visigoths attacked Rome under their king Alaric. This marked the first time in 800 years hat the city was stacked. This event was significant because it symbolized the decline of the Roman Empire and showed that it could no longer defend itself against foreign invasions. -
455
Vandals attack Rome
The Vandals attacked Rome led by their king, Genseric. This was significant because it, again, showed the weakness of the Roman Empire and contributed to it's downfall. The Vandals looted the city for 2 weeks -
475
Rise of Romulus Augustus
Romulus Augustus became emperor of the Western Roman Empire when he was only a teenager, after being placed on the throne by his father. This is significant because he represented the last Roman emperor of the West, and his rule marked the end of Roman imperial authority in the West. -
476
Fall of Roman Empire
The Fall of the Roman Empire happened when the last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustus, was over throne by the Germanic leader, Odoacer. this was significant because it marked the end of ancient Rome's power and the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe. This event took place in Raveena, the capital of the Western Roman Empire. -
900
Mayan Empire Collapse
The Mayan Empire started to fall with many cities in the south being abandoned. This is significant because it led to the fall of one of the most advanced civilizations in Mesoamerica. It affected trade, culture, and politics.