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The Washington Naval Conference
In the midst of disarmament talks, this conference shared similar ideals. Naval warfare was a major problem, and all the powers were determined to prevent another war. The main goal was to reduce the tension in East Asia from Japan. This conference marked the start of many trials of disarmament, which was essential to settling international tensions. -
The Chanak Crisis
By the of 1921, the Treaty of Sèvres was not longer effective due to Kemal's persistence. In September 1922, Kemal sent troops to Chanak, and this was the first threat of war seen since WWI. Afterward, the Armistice of Mudanya gave into the majority of Kemal's demands and ending the adherence to the treaty. This crisis showed how the League could carry out its promise of preventing war. -
The Rapallo Pact
Both Russia and Germany were unhappy with the terms of the Genoa Conference, so they created own agreement. The pact helped de-isolate Germany from the rest of Europe and provided some security for them. France was even more suspicious of Germany after this agreement. This pact is significant for the reasons that France continued its stubbornness and aided international tension in the period. -
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Genoa Conference
This conference was put together by David Lloyd George to help resolve economic issues. The main focus was Germany's dwindling economy and their failure to pay reparations. The US declined an invitation to the conference, and Germany and Russia backed out. This conference proved that the League still had many things to improve, since they achieved very little at Genoa. -
Ruhr Crisis
France and Belgium occupied the Ruhr in an effort to intimidate Germany. Another goal of theirs was to seize resources, such as timber an coal. Germany was going through a major loss of industries, so the reparations were nearly impossible to pay. The Ruhr Crisis led to one of the successes of the League of Nations (Dawes Plan). -
The Lausanne Conference
This conference was put together to prevent further border disputes. The terms include recognition of independent Turkey under Kemal's leadership, end of French control over Turkish finances, and settlements of Greece and Bulgaria. This was noted as the most successful postwar conference. This conference bridged into the successful period of the League of Nations. -
Dawes Plan
This plan proposed by American banker Charles Dawes, effectively solved the issue of German reparations after WWI. Though reparations weren't lessened, they payments were reduced to accommodate Germany's financial situation. The French were satisfied with the plan and accepted, which was a surprise to the other victorious powers. This plan was an attempt to improve international relations, it is significant to the unit. -
The Locarno Conference
This conference involved Germany, France, and Belgium respecting each others borders. Also, this conference solidified that war-like military defense was only to be used if necessary. This conference and the treaties from it left the general public with a sense of hope, which was coined the "Locarno Spirit." The Locarno Conference was also a success of the League and helped establish intervention terms. -
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The Kellogg-Briand Pact
Over 60 nations signed the pact and some version still exists in present-day. All the nations renounced war and agreed to settle disputes peacefully. Though the pact had potential, there was a lack of clarity in its terms. This pact was essentially worthless, but showed the League's initiative for change. -
The Young Plan
This plan reduced German reparations from 132 billion marks to 112 marks over 59 years. The Bank for International Settlements was created to prevent any economic disputes. This plan initiated the Anglo-French evacuation of the Rhineland in 1930. This plan took the proper strides for international peace and showed how willing France was to compromise for the common good.