-
Period: to
Kamehameha's Rule
Kamehameha was born 1758 in the month of November. He brought about great change in the Hawaiian kingdom. Kamehameha successfully united all the islands under one rule through many battles. This had never happened before. Also, he was the ruler around the time of the Fur and Sandalwood trade. New items were introduced to the Hawaiian islands such as potatoes, pots, pans. But Europeans also brought disease. Kamehameha died May 8 1819. To his death he held on to Hawaiian tradition. -
Makahiki
In 1778 The Makahiki celebration begins. Makahiki is a once a year, three phase celebration honoring the Hawaiian gods. -
Begining of a Population Change
By 1778 Hawaii's population was at about 500,000 people. But the arrival of Foreigners changed that. This marked the begining of a huge change in the Native Hawaiian population. -
Captain Cook discovers the Hawaiian Islands
On January 18 1778, Captain Cook spots Oahu, one of the Hawaiian Islands. He soon named the Hawaii "The Sandwich Islands" after Lord Sandwich, a partron. -
Hawaiians Meet Captain Cook
Captain Cook Arrived on the Hawaiian Islands on Jan 18 1778. Captain Cook was mapping out the Pacific islands when this happened. This encounter changed Hawaiian history forever, Hawaii has been discovered by the British. As a result, Kamehameha gained the European technology that helped him win so many battles. The Hawaiians treated him with respect the first time he came, the second time, they weren't so welcome and they were treated hostily. Thus, the Europeans fought Kamehameha's forces. -
Battle of Moku'ohai
The Battle of Mokuohai started when Kamehameha angered Kiwalao. Kiwalao had been left with no territory, in a fit of rage, he killed Kamehameha's men and cut down sacred coconut trees. To regain his honor, Kamehameha went to war against Kiwalao, Kalaniopuu, Keawemaulihi, and Keoua. Kamehameha won the battle of Mokuohai; his first major victory. This brought Kamehameha even closer to his goal of uniting the islands. -
The Sandalwood Trade
In 1790, the Hawaiians started trading sandalwood to the visiters. It soon became an important export item in Hawaii. At the peak of the Sandwalwood trade, Kamehameha declared it a monoply. Now, cheifs had to trade sandalwood in the name of the king. Sandalwood infact became so important that entire villages would be sent to the mountains to cut sandalwood. Seeing this, Kamehameha put a kapu on the trees to preserve them. The Sandalwood trade slowely came to an end as sandalwood became scarce. -
European Explorers Captured
On March 16 1790 two crew members of The Fair American were captured by Kamehameha. This helped Kamehameha obtain two new advisors from the west while also gaining various weapons including guns and cannons. The two new advisors were Isaac Davis and John Young who played a big role in Hawaiian and European trades. By gaining guns and cannons, Kamehameha won battles with ease. Thus, leading toward the unification of the islands. -
Battle of Nuuanu
The Battle of Nuuanu took place in May of 1795 on the island of Oahu. The battle was between Kalanikupule and Kamehameha. Kamehameha's forces attacked through the Nuuanu valley. To hold them back, Kalanikupule fired his cannons. Unfortunatley, Kamehameha's cannons pushed back Oahu's forces to the cliffs at Nuuanu Pali. Caught between Kamehameha's forces and a 1000 ft dop, Kalanikupule's forces either fell off the drop or got pushed off. Ultimatley leading to Kamehameha's win and their death. -
Kamehameha Attempts to Conquer Kauai
During the Spring of 1796 Kamehameha set out to conquer Kauai. Kamehameha set out with about 800 war canoes but due to rough waters and heavy winds it had to be postponed. Some of the advance groups made it to Kauai although they were killed when they reached the shore. The second time Kamehameha attempted to conquer Kauai a sickness fell upon the islands delaying the attack even more. Kamehameha had failed to conquer Kauai. -
Asian Immigrants Arrive
In 1806 Asian immigrants arrive to work on the Sugarcane plantations. -
The Islands Are United
After attempting to conquer Kauai numerous times, Kamehameha gathers the largest army Hawaii had ever seen. Instead of launching a full scale attack, Kaumaulii, Kauai's ruling cheif at the time, decided to make a peace agreement. The agreement said that Kaumaulii woud still have rule over Kauai but Kamehameha would have control. After peacefully conquering Kauai, Kamehameha had gained control over all the Islands. Thus, uniting all the islands under one rule. -
King Kamehameha Unites the Islands
After many battles, Kamehameha successfully unites the Hawaiian islands under one rule. -
Period: to
Liholiho's Rule
Liholiho or Kamehameha II came to power in 1819. During his reign Kapu ended after many important events and encouragemnet from Kaahumanu. Also, shortly after Kapu ended the first missionaries arrived on the Hawaiian Islands. When the missionaries arrived on the Islands they built Schools, churches, and homes. Liholiho died July 14 1824 in London. -
Period: to
Kaahumanu's Reign
Kaahumanu was Kamehameha I's favorite wife as well as the most powerful. When Kamehameha died in 1819 and his son Liholiho took on the title Kamehameha II Kaahumanu arrived at the ceremony and anouced that she would share the rule with Liholiho. She had shown up in Kamehameha's Clothes. Kaahumanu was then given the title Kuhina Nui. She held many accomplishments as well as helping end Kapu. She died June 5 1832. -
Arrival of the First Missionaries
On October 23 1819, the first group of missionaries, composed of 17 people, set sail from Boston on their way to Hawaii. The Missionaries had to complete a very difficult task of leading the Hawaiians away from their old religion to the Christian one. They also had to build schools, homes, and churches on the Islands. When the missionaries first stepped foot on the Islands they were surprised to find that Kapu had already ended. Thus, making their task easier. -
End of Kapu
The Kapu system in Hawaii was basically rules and Guidlines. It was very unfair to women. When Kamehameha died Liholiho (Kamehameha II) rose to power. He shared his rule with Kaahumanu who, at Liholihos ceremony, wore Kamehamehas clothes and said, ¨We must rule together.¨ Liholiho agreed. Kaahumanu didnt like the Kapu system and thought it was unfair to women. After the ceremony she suggested Kapu be ended. Liholiho declined. Even so, people were breaking Kapu around the island. -
End of Kapu (Continued 2)
Around the island people were breaking Kapu. Men and women were eating together, which was a forbidden Kapu. Also, one of the high chiefs, Kalanimoku, got Baptised on the French ship Uranie. Kaahumanu requested Liholiho eat with her. Although he declined her offer, when she asked the second time he agreed to it. This was very important, Hawaii's ruler had broken Kapu! But seeing no punishments awaited their king for breaking it, Islanders rejioced that Kapu ended. -
End of Kapu (Continued 3)
As a result of Kapu ending Heiau's, temples to the Hawaiian gods, were burned as well as any other images of them. Although the end seemed welcome, people were still praying to the Hawaiian gods. Hence, a revolt started. Though it quickely died down from a peaceful agreement. After Kapu ended, people began to be baptised and accept the Christian religion from the missionaries that were coming to the Hawaiian islands. -
Period: to
Whaling Economy
In the Early 1800s whaling became important in Hawaii. Whales were killed for their oil. It was a very dangerous trade that depended greatly on how much somebody would pay for oil. Though the economy went up sailors from foreign lands brought disease and often acted poorly. In the 1860s whaling slowely decreased due to numerous events. -
The Populations Drastic Drop
47 years later after the arrival of Captain Cook in 1778, Hawaii's population is at 125,000 people. This drastic drop was the result of foreigners arriving on the Hawaiian islands. By doing so, Hawaiians were exposed to diseases they never knew of until then. -
Sugarcane Plantations are Built
The first sugarcane plantation built on the Hawaiian Islands was The Old Sugar Mill of Koba. Sugarcane soon became an export item for Hawaii -
The First Sugarcane Plantations
In 1835 the Koloa Plantation was built. This was the first sugarcane plantation. The Hawaiians began to mass produce sugar during the time of the Civil War. This was because the South or Confederate, had stopped providing the North or Union, with sugar. At first, the plantation faced many difficulties due to lack of workers. There were not very many workers on the plantation considering the Hawaiian population was very low. Though they faced difficulties, the workers were supplied from Asia. -
The Great Mahele
The Great Mahele was the great division. The Hawaiians believed that the land belonged to the gods, where as the foreigners believed that people had a right to own land. Eventually, land was begining to be owned by people. You had to pay somebody to go to your land and say that you owned it. Though some Hawaiians did not do this. The land then went to the foreigners who bought it. The Great Mahele made it very difficult for commoners to get land. -
The Population Continues to drop
In 1850 the amount of native Hawaiians is at 70,000. Adding to the amount of diseases that killed off the people, there was also alcohol. Alcohol, was becoming a problem for Hawaiians. The alcohol was weakening them allowing their immune system to become more vunerable to diseases than they already were. -
Prince Albert Died
On August 27 1862, Prince Albert Died of Meningitis at the age of four. -
Only 30,000 left
By the 1900s, the population of Native Hawaiians has reached 30,000 people. They started with 500,000 and ended with 30,000. From alcohol to diseases unheard of there wasnt much to prevent this epidemic. This drastic drop in Hawaiians was unpreventable.
