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813 BCE
Kingdom of Carthage
Carthage was founded by the Phoenician Queen Elissa also known as Dido. The city is now in modern Tunisia, known originally as Kart-hadasht (new city) to distinguish it from Utica (old city). It was used for traders to resupply or repair their trading ships. It became the most powerful city in the Mediterranean until the rise of Rome. -
246 BCE
The Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of wars fought between Rome and Carthage. They took place in between 246BC and 146BC and they were considered to be the biggest wars to ever take place. The main cause was Rome's desire to expand. All three wars were won by Rome and they were known as the most powerful military in the Mediterranean. -
622
The Muslim Conquest
The Arab invasion took place in the seventh century. The Arabs actually attacked northern Africa three times before complete success. Because of this invasion, it brought many new religions. Along with the new religions brought many new customs and traditions. The was just the beginning of a new muslim empire. -
730
The Great Berber Revolt
The great berber revolt took place in the mid seventh century. This was the same time as the reign of the Umayyad Caliph Hisham. This was actually a revolt against their own rulers and historians say that this was the largest military setback in the area of Caliph Hisham. The fight actually marks the first successful secession from the Arab caliphate. -
North African Slave Trade Starts
It was called triangular trade. They would gather millions of Africans, board them onto a ship, and sail across the Atlantic Ocean to be sold. They took them from England, Africa, America, and back to England. That is how the triangular trade got its name. The triangular trade wasn’t just for slaves, it was to get raw materials and manufactured goods. They were brought to England and America to plant crops. Liverpool, England conducted the whole trade. -
The End of Slave Trade
Throughout the years in certain countries it was illegal for slave trade. In 1772, a judge, Lord Mansfield, made slavery illegal in England. In 1788, the Dolben Act limited the amount slaves to be carried on a ship. Between the years 1789-1807 Wilberforce he presented a bill to end slave trade. 1806, James Stephen suggested to Wilberforce to come up with a different bill to stop British ships from carrying slaves to French colonies. The peace treaty was signed and slave trade ended in 1808. -
Tunisia's Independance
The first movement for independence was started by the young Tunisian party in 1907. The party evolved into the destour Eventually, they fought the french from 1952 through 1556. The leader of the movement was a person named Habib Bourguiba he then became the first president when he ended negotiations with france. -
Algerian War of Independance
The Algerian war of independence lasted eight years. At this time the french was killing muslims which made up most of the population of algeria. Because french was so demanding algeria wanted their own independence. Algeria declared war on the french in 1954. After the war it was estimated that one point five million people died. At the end of this eight year war Algeria had their own independence away from france. -
Morocco's Independance
Morocco first got its independence as a protectorate of France. Spain also took some of its northern territory and the southern part that is now Western Sahara. Later they received full independence from France. They claimed the northern parts of the Morocco up to the strait of Gibraltar and Western Sahara. -
Western Sahara's Independance
Western Sahara got its independence from Spain in the decolonization of Africa. Its independence is currently not recognized in the United Nations. Western Sahara is controlled by Morocco on the coast and the Polisario front in the east desert regions.
