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Benito Mussolini-italy
-Fascism was an authoritarian political movement that developed in Italy and other Europeans countries after 1919
-Fascist program emphasized intense nationalism,productivism,anti socialism,elitism an the need for a strong leader Mussolini -
Stalin-USSR
-Joseph Stalin was a powerful communist leader in the early years of the soviet union.He was a dictator who terrorized the population and sent many people to prison and labor camps
-One of the communist leader's greatest task was collectivize farming.Stalinn created a state-owned farms
-While Stalin was the leader he steadily increased his power.Many of his enemies were shot or sent to siberia -
Japanese Expansion
-Japanese expansion in east Asia began in 1931 with the invasion of Manchuria and continued in 1937 with a brutal attack on china.On September 27,1940, japan signed the Tripartite pact with Germany and Italy. Then the U.S had stopped trade with the Japanese which led them to attack the U.S and British forces in asia -
Adolph Hitler-German
-A dictatorship requires one person and one party to be in control of a nation and a climate of fear
-Personal freedom disappeared in Nazi Germany
-Hitler asked Hinderburg to grant him emergency powers in view of the "communist takeover" -
German Expansion
-The German invasion of western Poland on 1 September 1939 led to WW2.Between 1939 and 1941 the German army invaded and occupied many countries,incluiding the Netherlands,Belgium,Luxembourg,France,Denmark,Norway and Western Poland.The invasion of Poland led both BRitain and France to declare war on Germany,and then began the war. -
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Advance Technology
-Torpedoes was used to destroy submarines & ship's from long distance, b/c bullets couldn't go far & do a lot of damagded -
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axis powers of ww2
-The axis powers of ww2 were germany,italy,and japan.this was originally between germany and italy by binding rome and berlin.The reason for the germans started the war since hitler -
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Volunteerism in WW2(Red Cross)
At home
-Began blood donor services in america to produce lifesaving plasma for the armed forces,served in hospitals,produced emergency supplies,collected scrap,ran victory gardens,& maintained training programs
Overseas
-Became the chief providers of relief supplies in europe,served as field directors,provided support for troops ,operated clubs,& were attached to military hospitals -
Rationing
-Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources and goods
-Rationing items were gasoline, tires, meat, butter & jellies
-People had to use "rationing goods" which were issued to each family based on its size -
M1 semi automatic Rifle & Radar
M1
-The design of the m1 allowed the Americans to fire more shots against their German and Japanese counter parts.
Radar
-Battles were won by the side that was first to spot enemy airplanes, ships, or submarines,The rad helped see hundreds of miles away even at night -
Rosie the riveter
-Was the cultural icon during the second world war representing the women who worked in factories many who produced munitions or war supplies -
Women in the Military
WACS-Women army corps
-Auxiliary unit
-Women were doing the office things and the men in the offices were shipped over seas to fight
-The women did paperwork,supply food,telegrams,etc
WAVES-women accepted for volunteer emergency service in the navy
-At the end of WW2 the women couldn't stay in the navy -
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Multiple fronts fought by the U.S
-The U.S had fought a few fronts during WW2 like the Atlantic front,The Pacifict front,the Europe fronts and the Home front.These fronts had pushed the war in good for the allies because the U.S was equipped to produce mass war supply for the soldiers and the allied power enemies -
Lend Lease Program
-Gave the president the authority to sell lease lend, or otherwise dispose of an defense article to any nation whose defense he considered critical to that of the U.S
-Neutrality by claiming that loans were made in the interest of nation defense, goods were not destroyed or lost in battle were to be returned or paid for -
War Bonds
-Way to remove money from circulation as well as reduce inflation
-people would buy bonds and the gov. promised to return to them w/ interest after 10 yr or more -
Allied powers of WW2
-The allied powers of the war were great britain,france,The soviet union ,the US and china ,Britain and france had allied together after the German invasion in poland -
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Island Hopping
-Island Hopping was afferting the tide in favor of the allied powers because they kept pushing Japanese forces out of the island,throught the offensive against the island of Guadal canal in the solomon Archipelago which had marked the beginning of Island Hopping fought between august 1942 and February 1943,eventually succeed in forcing japan to relinquish the island -
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U.S office of War Information
Responsibilities-Control the contest and imagery of war message & make citizens aware of how they could help in the war effort
Activities-Produced radio programs,newsreels,asked citizens to contribute time & money,create products,conserve resources,donate,and stir up distrust to lower enemy and population morals to promote surrender -
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Victory Corps
-The purpose of this students organization was to prepare high school students to aid in the war effort on home front
-Both girls and boys from white & African Americans school participated
-Students participated in a physical fitness program and enroll in a war effort class -
Bataan Death March
-The bataaan death march happnened after the us rurrender of the bataan peninsula it affected the war tide in favor of the axis powers because approximatly 75,000 filipimno and americans troops on bataan were force to make an arduous 65-miles march -
Higgins Boats
-Higgins boats were a landing craft used extensively in landing in ww2. the crafts were design by Andrew Higgins based on boats made for operation -
Battle of midway
-The battle of midway pushed the war tide in favor of the allied powers since it was one of the most decisive us victories against japan -
George C. Marshall
-Throughout the war,general George C.Marshal(1880-1959) acted as chief of staff and the "organizer of victory".He worked with president Roosevelt to urge military preparedness before pearl harbor,built up and supplied an army of 8 million men,and later helped to oversea the creation of the first atomic bomb. -
Omar Bradly
-Was a senior officer of the U.S army
-He was in service in north america and western Europe during WW2
-He then became general of the 1st american army to land in france -
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D-Day
-Affected the war tide for the allies positively because the battle foreshadowed the end of Hitler's dream of Nazi domination.D-DAY was the largest air,land, and sea operation undertaken.The landing included over 5,000 ships,11,000 airplanes, and over 150,000 service men.By the end the allies had reached the seine river,paris was liberated -
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Liberation of concentration camps
-push toward the victory for the allies because they were slowly starting to shut down hitters perception on the Nazi takeover
-The soviets were the first forces to reach a concentration camps -
Koremastsu
-Fred korematsu a japanese U.S citizen taht refused to leave his home in San Leandro,CA
-court decided the Nation security concern out-weighted the constitutions promise of equal rights
-The Executive order 9066 banned Japanese alien & non-alien from the U.S
-50 yrs later it was over turned by congress & apology was given -
Korematsu vs U.S
-1944 was a land mark united states supreme court case concerning the constitutionality of executive order 9066 which ordered Japanese Americans into interment camps during WW2 regardless of citizenship -
Potsdam Conference
Participants were the USSR the US and the UK
-Three powers were represented by communist party general secretary Joseph Stalin,prime minister Winston Churchill, and president Harry S Truman
-Gathered to decide how to punish Nazi Germany
-On july 26 Truman Churchill Chiang Kai Shek issued the Potsdam declaration which outlined the terms of surrender of japan
-Broke Germany into 3 different parts -
Potsdam Conference
-Participants were the USSR the US and the UK
-The powers were represented by communist party Joseph Stalin,prime minister Winston Churchill and president Harry Truman
-Gathered to decide how to punish Germany -
Pearl Harbor
-The Japanese royal navy launched a surprise attack against the Americans killing over 2,400 Americans and militant person.
-Destroyed 18 ship and 32 airplanes
-Roosevelt's famous day of infamy speech was a response to the attack -
The Navajo Code Talkers