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Early American History
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Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was signed on this day, declaring America's freedom from Great Britain. -
Constitution
The Constitution was written on this day. -
Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights were ratified on this day. -
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Civil War/Reconstruction
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Homestead Act
This act gave all present and future citizens up to 160 acres of public land provided they live on it, improve it, and pay a small registration fee -
13th Amendment
This amendment officially abolished slavery in the United States. -
14th Amendment
This amendment granted citizenship to all who were born or naturalized in the United States. It also provided equal protection under law for all. -
Transcontinental Railroad
The Transcontinental Railroad was completed this year. -
15th Amendment
This amendment granted voting rights to African American men. -
Creation of the Telephone
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. -
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The Gilded Age
- Rockefeller/Carnegie- rivals in the steel industry
- Philanthropy- the desire to promote the welfare of others
- Monopoly- the exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service
- Jane Addams- American reformer who advocated for immigrants, poor, women, and peace
- Laissez-Faire- an economic system in which transactions between private groups of people are free from or almost free from any form of economic interventionism such as regulation and subsidies
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Chinese Exclusion Act
This act prohibited immigration of skilled or unskilled Chinese laborers. This was the first US national immigration act. -
Interstate Commerce Act
This act ensured railroad set “reasonable and just” rate, This is the first time government stepped in to regulate business. -
Pendleton Civil Service Act
This act awarded government jobs based on merit. -
Dawes Act
This act gave individual ownership of land to Native Americans, instead of the tribe owning things collectively. -
Hull House
The settlement of the Hull House was the first of many more settlement houses. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
This act outlawed businesses from "monopolization, attempted monopolization, or conspiracy or combination to monopolize." -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
This act outlawed trusts in order to promote economic fairness. -
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The Progressive Era
- Muckrakers- reform-minded journalists in the Progressive Era
- Initiative, Referendum, Recall- voters can adopt a change in law, disapprove a law passed by the Legislature, or remove an elected official from office
- The Great Migration- the movement of 6 million African Americans out of the South
- NAACP- a civil rights organization
- Immigration Issues- minority resembles majority, policy prompting the interests of native inhabitants against those of immigrants
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Klondike Gold Rush
This took place in Alaska. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
This court case involved "separate but equal", which allowed for racism and segregation to run rampant in the United States. -
USS Maine Explosion
USS Maine explodes off the coast of Cuba, which starts the Spanish American War. -
Annexation of Hawai'i
Hawaii is annexed as a territory of the United States. -
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Imperialism
- Theodore Roosevelt- 26th president of the U.S.
- Rough Riders- 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry
- Foreign Policy- using diplomacy to solve international problems
- Immigration Quotas- limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota
- Yellow Journalism- terms for journalism and associated newspapers that present little or no legitimate news
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Open Door Policy
This policy initiated free trade with China. -
Roosevelt Corollary
This was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine. -
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Building of the Panama Canal
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Meat Inspection Act
This act made it illegal to adulterate or misbrand meat. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
This act created regulations of the preparation of foods and the sale of medicines. -
NAACP Founded
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Dollar Diplomacy
Taft’s policy of paying for peace in Latin America. -
16th Amendment
This amendment established the federal income tax. -
17th Amendment
This amendment established the direct election of U.S. Senators. -
Federal Reserve Act
This act established the Federal Reserve, which helped stabilize the banking industry. -
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated, which started World War I. -
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World War 1
- Alvin York- reportedly kills over 20 German soldiers and captures an additional 132
- Homefront- covers the domestic, economic, social and political histories of countries involved in that conflict
- M.A.I.N. (Causes of WWI)- militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism
- Sussex Pledge- adequate warning before sinking ships, and provide for the safety of passengers and crew
- American Expeditionary Forces- American troops serving in Europe during World War I
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Sinking of the Lusitania
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National Parks System
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Zimmerman Telegram
Zimmerman Telegram intercepted by the British, warned the U.S. of a proposed ally between Mexico and Germany. -
U.S. Enters WWI
The United States enters WWI on the Allied side. -
Bolshevik Revolution
The beginning of this causes Russian troops to exit the war. -
Battle of Argonne Forest
Considered the turning pint of the war. -
Germany Surrenders to the Allied Powers.
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14 Points
President Woodrow Wilson gives a statement of principles for peace after World War I, included no colonialism, freedom of the seas, and a League of Nations. -
Treaty of Versailles
This is the peace treaty that ended World War I. It required Germany to accept full blame and pay war reparations as well as demilitarize. -
18th Amendment
This amendment enacted prohibition and alcohol is illegal. -
19th Amendment
This amendment gave voting rights to women. -
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Roaring 20's
- Social Darwinism- human groups and races are subject to the same laws of natural selection
- The Red Scare- promotion of a widespread fear of a potential rise of communism
- Assembly Line- sped up the manufacturing process dramatically and allowed factories to produce products at a remarkable rate
- Return to Normalcy- Warren G. Harding's campaign slogan for the election of 1920
- Harlem Renaissance- intellectual revival of African American art and literature
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Teapot Dome Scandal uncovered by the Wall Street Journal
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American Indian Citizenship Act
This act granted citizenship to any Native Americans born within the United States. -
Scopes Monkey Trial
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Charles Lindbergh
Charles Lindbergh makes history by making a nonstop solo flight from New York to Paris. -
Stock Market Crash
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Great Depression
- Hoovervilles- shanty town built during the Great Depression by the homeless
- The New Deal- series of programs and financial reforms enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt
- Causes of the Great Depression (5)- Roaring 20s, Global Crisis, stock market crash, Dust Bowl, and Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
- Court Packing- change in size to the Supreme Court
- Eleanor Roosevelt- political figure, diplomat and activist that served as the first lady
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Dust Bowl
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Election of Franklin D. Roosevelt
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Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) established
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20th Amendment
This amendment adjusted the dates of the presidential terms. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) established
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21st Amendment
This amendment repeals the 18th Amendment and prohibition ends. -
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) established
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Works Progress Administration (WPA) established
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Social Security Act
This act established the Social Security Administration, which provides unemployment insurance, aid to the disabled, old age pensions, and insurance for families. -
Start of WWII
Adolf Hitler invades Poland. -
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World War 2
1.) Island Hopping- targeting key islands
2.) Liberation of Concentration Camps
3.) Dwight Eisenhower- 34th President
4.) Douglas MacArthur- U.S. General
5.) Chester W. Nimitz- fleet admiral
6.) Navajo Code Talkers- 29 men for communication
7.) Tuskegee Airmen- African American pilots
8.) Flying Tigers- pilots recruited under FDR
9.) The Manhattan Project- research and development for nuclear weapons
10.) Rosie the Riveter- built the machinery necessary to fight and win WWII -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
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Battle of Midway
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Bataan Death March
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Executive Order 9066
This order is the incarceration of Japanese Americans for the duration of WWII. -
D-Day
Invasion of Normandy. -
G.I. Bill
This bill gives military veterans financial and educational benefits. -
United Nations formed
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Early Cold War
1.) Containment- prevent the spread of communism
2.) Arms Race/Space Race- race between USSR and the US for spaceflight capability
3.) The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics- treaty between Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Transcaucasia
4.) Communism- political governing where the government has complete control to create a classless society
5.) Domino Theory- states if Vietnam falls to communism, the countries around it would as well -
"Little Boy"
The atomic bomb is dropped in Hiroshima, Japan. -
"Fat Man"
The atomic bomb is dropped in Nagasaki, Japan. This marks the end of World War II. -
Truman Doctrine
U.S. policy that gave military and economic aid to countries threatened by communism. -
22nd Amendment
This amendment prohibits anyone who has been elected president twice from being elected again. -
Berlin Airlift
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Marshall Plan
This program was made to help European countries rebuild after World War II. -
NATO established
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Sweatt v. Painter
ruled the separate law school at the University of Texas failed to qualify as “separate but equal” -
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Civil Rights Era
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Korean War
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Rosenbergs trial
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First H-Bomb detonated by the United States
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Hernandez v. Texas
Mexican Americans and all other races provided equal protection under the 14th Amendment -
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Vietnam War
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and mandated desegregation -
Jonas Salk invents the Polio Vaccine
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
After Rosa Parks' arrest -
Interstate Highway Act
This act authorized the building of a national highway system. -
USSR launches Sputnik
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Little Rock Nine
Integrated into an all-white school in Little Rock, Arkansas. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
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24th Amendment
Outlawed poll taxes. -
"I Have a Dream"
At the March of Washington -
JFK Assassination
Dallas, Tx. -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Begins undeclared war in Vietnam. -
Civil Right Act of 1964
Made discrimination based on race, religion, or national origin in public places illegal and required employers to hire on an equal opportunity basis -
Medicare and Medicaid established
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Voting Rights Act of 1965
Eliminated literacy tests for voters -
Tet Offensive
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MLK Assassination
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Civil Rights Act of 1968
prohibited discrimination in the sale or rental of housing -
First Man on the Moon
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Tinker v. Des Moines
Defined the First Amendment rights for students in the United States Public Schools. -
Kent State University shooting
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End of the Cold War
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Pentagon Papers leaked
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26th Amendment
Moved the voting age from 21 years old to 18 years old. -
Title IX
protects people from discrimination based on gender in education programs -
War Powers Act
Law limited the President’s right to send troops to battle without Congressional approval. -
Watergate Scandal
Which leads to Nixon’s Resignation -
Fall of Saigon, marks the end of the Vietnam War
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Camp David Accords
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Three Mile Island Disaster
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Iran Hostage Crisis
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Iran Contra Affair
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1990-21st Century
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The Jungle by Upton Sinclair