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John Naiper's Logarithm
John first discussed this in Minifici Logarithmorum Canonis Descriptio in 1614. Stating that they were a ratio of 2 distances in geometric form rather than exponents. He later made a mechanical means of making problems more simple when he made the Rabdologiae in 1617. It contained a rods with numbers marked off them. https://www.thocp.net/reference/sciences/mathematics/logarithm_hist.htm -
William Oughtred's Sliderule
He used the concept of Naiper's logarithm to make his sliderule. He did so by inscribing logarithms on strips of wood so in this case he made the calculating machine. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Blaise Pascal's Pascaline
He made the machine to do adding and subtracting to help his dad. It had series of gears having 10 teeth each representing 0 to 9. The principle of this invention foundation of all adding machines. But it only performed addition only. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz's Step Reckoner
Made differential/integral calculus without Sir Isaac Newton. Made this machine to add/subtract but it also could multiply/divide unlike Pascal's machine. Also invented binary arithmetic needed for modern day computers. It was completed in 1692 http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Charles Babbage's Difference Engine
The "Father of the modern computer" came up with the concepts that made for navigation at sea which was called the Automatic Difference Engine even though he wasn't able to even build it. It was built later on. It was partially built during the 1820s-1830s. Built in 2003 in London fully. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
The First Programmer: Ada Bryon
She translated Luigi Menabrea's memoir on Charles Babbage's Analytic Engine which made went in detail in how she completed the method for calculating Luigi's numbers. In simple words she was the first ever programmer. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine
He's also credited for this invention as well. It was to contain a punched card input, a memory unit, arithmetic unit, an automatic printout,a sequential program system, and a decimal point that's accurate for twenty points. He worked on this machine until his death as it was never completed. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Herman Hollerith Punching Card Storage System
In 1887 he came up with a using Jacquard’s concept of how the punching cards stored data, he developed a punching card tabulating system having a series of cards placed in a special arranging machine having a series of counters. It had a lever that when pulled, numbers of pins came down on the card. A hole in the pin went through the card and made contact with tiny mercury tripping the counters. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Herman Hollerith's IBM Company
He then turned to these storage systems for business making the Tabulating Machine Company later merging to become IBM. Basically meaning he contributed to computers by making this system. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Dr.John Vincent and Clifford Berry Make the First Electronic Computer
The computer they started was started at 1939 and ended at 1942. It was called the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC). The computer used a circuit containg 45 vacuums to make calculations and capacitors to store information. Making it the first ever computer to be able to use binary mathematics. Wasn't recognized until the 1990s. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Howard Aiken's (Mark the First) Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator
Nicknamed the machine after himself. Had over 3000 mechanical relays and was the first to be able to make logical decisions. Did addition in 3/10's of a second. It was also programmed by the means of a punched paper tape. It's instructions could also be redirected in many ways. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
The ENIAC desgined by J. Prosper Eckert and John W. Mauchly
Also known as the Electric Numerical Integrator and Calculator. Was made at the Moore School of Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. Was the FIRST multipurpose computer and was not like the ABC computer. It was used to computer aircraft courses, shell trajectories, and to break codes during World War Two. Used 18,000 vaccums and programmed by jumper wires into a large board http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
The Transister
Made by John Bordeen, Walter Brattain, and Willam Shockly. This made transit circuits possible bringing a new generation of computers. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
The UNIVAC
Used storage program concept right and had the first keyboard and computer language (C-10) and made 1,000 calculations per second. It was one of the first mass produced computers but it still wasn't accessible to the public as it was expansive. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
IBM 650
First electronic computer for business. Installed at General Electric Appliance Park in Louisville, Kentucky. Still expansive for an average person to buy. The computers were medium sized but still cheaper than anything before it as thousands of them were sold. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Programming Languages
The programming languages developed during 1958 to 1962 were:
FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslator)
COBOL (COmmon Business Oriented Language)
LISP (LISt Processor)
ALGOL (ALGOrithmic Language)
BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) They were written to write directly to address hardware and it was very complex also. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
The Creation of the Bug
Grace Hopper was one of the first people to debug. Debugging is used to now describe the work of getting rid of program errors.It was called COBOL and it still used today. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Integrated Circuits
The first integrated circuit computer revolution in computer cost and price began to start when this computer was made. It also replaced transistors and did millions of calculations per second. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Microprocessor
Made desktop computers become a reality as everything a computer needed fitted in a microprocessor which was 4-bit chip. Tfoays chips are a bit bigger. (64 bits) http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
The Altair
It was the first microcomputer. The Altair 8800 was the first one to become commercially available. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Apple
Stephen Wozniak and Steven Jobs built Apple the first in their garage in 1976 and a year later came out with Apple the second in 1977 and less than half a year later made over $100 million. It was the most successful early microcomputer. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Bill Gates
He created a basic language reader in 1975 and developed a MS-DOS for PCs and Windows. -
IMB PC
They were 20 times faster, a memory capacity that was at the most 16 times bigger, more reliable, the power was of a light bulb instead of a locomotive, were 1/30,000 the size, and were way cheaper as they were 1/10,000 as much in comparable dollars. It also has a spreadsheet and an account word processing software. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Computers in the 1990s
36,000 times faster than the computers in the 80s, their memory capacity became 1,000 to 5,000 times larger, computers were now 1/30,000 the size, and coasted 1/30,000 as much in comparable dollars earlier. http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Computer in the 2000s
180,000 times faster, their memory capacity are now 25,000 times larger, were 1/30,000 of the size, and costed 1/30,000 as much in comparable dollars http://www.cs.uah.edu/~rcoleman/Common/History/History.html -
Quantum Computers
On March 4th scientists at Massachusetts Insitute of Technology made the first 5 atom quantum computer that could possibly uncover the security of traditional encryption schemes. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_computing_2010–19
