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476
Fall of Western Rome
- Barbarian Invasion
- Economic troubles and overreliance on slave labor
- The rise of the Eastern Empire
- Overexpansion and military overspending
- Government corruption and political instability
- The arrival of the Huns and the migration of the Barbarian tribes
- Christianity and the loss of traditional values
- Weakening of the Roman legions
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Period: 476 to
Fall of Western Rome to the End of the Renaissance
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Period: 500 to Jan 1, 1000
Early Middle Ages (Dark Ages)
The Early Middle Ages followed the decline of the Western Roman Empire.The period saw a continuation of trends, including population decline, especially in urban centres, a decline of trade, and increased immigration. The period has been labelled the "Dark Ages", a characterization highlighting the relative scarcity of literary and cultural output from this time, especially in Northwestern Europe. -
Period: Jan 1, 1001 to Jan 1, 1300
High Middle Ages
Crusades to the Middle East and the resulting spread of Greek and Islamic scholars made Europeans eager to learn more about the world. The Crusades -
Period: Jan 1, 1095 to Jan 1, 1291
The Crusades
The first of the Crusades began in 1095, when armies of Christians from Western Europe responded to Pope Urban II’s plea to go to war against Muslim forces in the Holy Land. After the First Crusade achieved its goal with the capture of Jerusalem in 1099, the invading Christians set up several Latin Christian states, even as Muslims in the region vowed to wage holy war (jihad) to regain control. The Crusades on the History Channel -
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Period: Nov 20, 1330 to Nov 20, 1550
Renaissance Begins in Italy
Italian cities, with ties to Byzantine and Muslim merchants, became rich and powerful. Middle class merchants gained control of great sums of money by organizing banks, which lent money to monarchs and nobles. The Medici family became patrons of Florence by using their profits to promote scholarship and the arts while they governed the city. The beginning of the Renaissance in Italy. -
Period: Jan 1, 1337 to Jan 1, 1453
The Hundred Years' War
Hundred Years’ War allowed monarchs to build huge armies of peasants, which reduced power of lords and knights and increased patriotism. Trade expands; People moved to cities to earn better wages; form guilds. Status began to be determined by wealth and ability, not just birthright; The idea of a Middle Class begins to form. The Hundred Years' War -
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Jan 1, 1381
The Peasants' Revolt
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The Feudal System
FeudalismIn 800 the title of emperor was revived in Western Europe by Charlemagne, whose Carolingian Empire greatly affected later European social structure and history. Europe experienced a return to systematic agriculture in the form of the feudal system, which introduced such innovations as three-field planting and the heavy plow.