Events that Led to the Transformation of Europe - Kristian and Kevin

Crusades

Nov 27, 1095

Effect of the Crusades
The Crusades was called by Pope Urban II which made Christian warriors go to Jerusalem and take it from the Muslims. This war opened connections between Europe and the Middle East. This led to more trade between them and eventually led to the Renaissance.

Black Death

Jan 1, 1347

Effects of the Black Death It was a plague that killed 2/3 Europeans, and left the Europeans shattered. But this contributed to the transformation of Europe because majority of Europeans killed were nobles, and so the serviving merchants, came into power by trading with the Ottoman Empire. Another effect of the Black Death was setting the stage for medicine.

Renaissance

Jan 1, 1350

Renaissance A period of time that changed Europe dramatically. This was the start of humanism and secular ideas. In addition, during the Renaissance there was a huge increase in trade which spurred both scientifical and art achievements. The Renaissance also led to was the rivival of Roman and Greek ideas.

Printing Press

Jan 1, 1440

The Impact of the Printing Press
The printing press enabled books to be mass produced which allowed knowledge to be spread throughout Europe. It allowed the communication of people's political and religious views which led to the Protestant Reformation and modern scientific thought.

Spanish Inquisition

Jan 1, 1478

Rise of the Spanish Inquisition
The Spanish Inquisition was a court that tried people accused of heresy. Their severe punishments instilled fear in people so they did not go against the Church and convert to Protestantism. This event strengthened the Church in Europe.

Rise in the Medici Family

Jan 1, 1500

Medici Family: Origin and History
After the Medici became an important merchant in Europe, the Medici earned huge amounts of money, and used their wealth and fortune as ways to make Italy flourish and to spur achievements during the Renaissance. Because of this, it brought Italy out of the dark ages and brought forth many important events.

Machiavelli's "The Prince"

Jan 1, 1513

Machiavelli The Cunning Critic of Political Reason
Machiavelli's book, "The Prince," was a guide on how to rule. It expressed his political views and experiences. Fueled by the newly invented printing press, The Prince was widely read and translated and has influenced philosophers and rulers throughout European history.

Martin Luther and the 95 Theses

Jan 1, 1517

Martin Luther and the 95 theses
Martin Luther was a huge factor in the Protestant Reformation by questioning the Catholic Church by creating a book named the "95 Thesis" which told how people should interpret the bible for themselves and exposed the Church in their current wrong doings. Because of these actions, it led people to doubt the Church, which caused the Protestant Reformation and the Church losing power.

Protestant Reformation

Oct 31, 1517

<a href='http://www.medieval-life-and-times.info/medieval-religion/protestant-reformation.htm' >Impacts of the Protestant Reformation</a
The Protestant Reformation reshaped political and religious views in Europe. People started to interpret things themselves instead of believing whatever the Church told them. The Church's authority and power started to dwindle. Political ideas became more secular.

Scientific Revolution

Jan 1, 1543

Science and Enlightment
The Scientific Revolution was a time where people started to interpret things for themselves instead of believing anything they were told. They used the scientific method to form their conclusions. This led to developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transforming views of society and nature.