Trade Developments and Networks by way of Indian Ocean

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  • 7000 BCE

    Evidence of agriculture in Guitarrero cave in Peru

  • 3000 BCE

    1st Travelers

    Travelers in small canoes and rafts moved between towns and trading ports along coastlines from Arabia to the Indian subcontinent.
  • 3000 BCE

    Monsoon Wind Patterns

    Monsoon wind patterns are well established. With the discovery of the seasonal monsoon winds, and the ability to navigate using the stars mariners sailed across the Arabian Sea in open water.
  • Period: 3000 BCE to 1500 BCE

    Evidence of cotton cultivation, metallurgy, ceramics

  • 2000 BCE

    Millet and Sorghum

    millet and sorghum — grains imported from the East African coast
  • 1000 BCE

    Decline of Long Distance Trade between Egypt and Mesopotamia

  • Period: 1000 BCE to 300 BCE

    Classical Era

  • 900 BCE

    Maya Civilization beginnings

  • Period: 551 BCE to 233 BCE

    Period of Great Chinese Philosophers

    Confucius, Laozi, Mencius, Lagalists
  • 550 BCE

    Life of the Buddha

  • 500 BCE

    Greek and Roman sailors and traders enter Indian Ocean

    They were sent by the Persian ruler Darius I
  • Period: 500 BCE to 449 BCE

    Greek wars with Persia

  • 326 BCE

    Alexander the Great

    Alexander the Great sent Nearchus from Indus to the Arabian Gulf. Other Greeks sailed to India and around the Arabian Peninsula to Oman
  • Period: 322 BCE to 185 BCE

    Mauryan Empire

  • 300 BCE

    Eurasian and African Trading Goods and Routes

    There was a oceanic trading system going on between Afro- Eurasian continents. The Indian subcontinent was central as a producer and consumer in this vast network and contact and exchange.
  • Period: 300 BCE to 100 BCE

    Hellenistic Empire

  • Period: 1 CE to 1 CE

    1st Cetury CE

    The Periplus of the Erythrean Sea from
    the first century CE names many ports, lands, and goods in the Indian Ocean, including information about the east coast of Africa and of India. India exported many goods, and
    imported silver, copper, and gold. Several strong states existed at this time, including the Mauryan Empire (323-185 BCE) of India, the Persian Empire, the Roman Empire in Europe,
    and the Han Dynasty in China.
  • Period: 327 to 325

    Alexander's Invasion of the Persian empire

  • Period: 600 to 300

    Spread of Religion

  • Increased use of plant foods

    People grew beans, peppers, avocados, squash, and maize