Trabajo Gehis

By Carlos_Peña_Lardiés
  • 1031

    AL-ANDALUS

    The most important taifas to emerge in 1031
  • 1035

    HISPANIC CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS

    This influenced the development of Hispanic kingdoms, as shown in the division of the lands of Sancho III el Mayor after his death in 1035.
  • 1065

    Castilla

    In 1065 The Kingdom of Castilla was formed when Sancho III bequeathed
    this county to one of his sons, Fernando I. Castilla was linked to the Kingdom of León.
    Alfonso VI, King of Castilla and León, took Toledo in 1085. Because this city was the capital of the Visigothic kingdomI
  • Period: 1076 to 1134

    Navarra

    Although this was the heart of Sancho’s power, it was difficult to expand towards the south. It was ruled by the kings of Aragón between 1076 and 1134.
  • Period: 1104 to 1134

    Aragón

    This kingdom experienced strong growth with kings like Alfonso I
  • 1118

    Aragón

    In 1118, Alfonso I of Aragón and Navarra conquered Zaragoza, occupied part of the Ebro valley and reached the Sistema Ibérico mountain range.
  • Period: 1128 to 1143

    Portugal

    This was a county belonging to the Kingdom of León that was given as a dowry to Henry of Burgundy when he married Alfonso VI’s daughter. Their son declared it independent in 1128 and it was established as a kingdom in 1143.
  • 1137

    Aragón

    In 1137, the marriage of Ramón Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona, and Petronila, the young Queen of Aragón, led to the union between the Catalan counties and Aragón
  • 1147

    Portugal

    The borders of the Kingdom of Portugal extended to the banks of the Tajo after the conquest of the city of Lisbon in 1147.
  • 1157

    Leon and Castilla

    The kingdoms of León and Castilla united by the monarch Alfonso VI, had been strengthened by the conquest of Toledo. This opened up opportunities for expansion throughout the lands of the Tajo.
    This expansion took place during the reign of Alfonso VII, although these kingdoms separated on his death in 1157.
  • Period: 1172 to 1212

    Leon and Castilla

    During the second half of the 12th century, the Christian kingdoms faced the Almohad invasion. The Almohads, who took advantage of the territorial fragmentation of al-Andalus, managed to unite the Andalusian territory in 1172 and established their capital in Sevilla. This empire hindered the expansion of the Christian kingdoms, mainly in the areas between the Tajo and the Sierra Morena, until the Christians’ victory in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212).
  • 1188

    THE CORTES ESTAMENTALES AND PACTISMO REACH A PEAK

    All Christian kingdoms had Cortes Estamentales. The first were those of León, constituted in 1188. Now as the Cortes of Castilla, their major development took place during the 14th and 15th century, when the representatives of cities were an important counterweight to the privileges of the nobility and the clergy.
  • Period: 1212 to 1250

    The political situation

    The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212) was a major victory for the Christian kingdoms and made the occupation of the Guadalaquivir valley possible. In this battle, the kings of Castilla (Alfonso VIII), Navarra (Sancho el Fuerte) and Aragón (Pedro II) fought together.
  • 1391

    SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS

    Religious. The most significant religious clashes were the assault
    on Jewish quarters and massacres of Jews in 1391. This happened in cities of the Crown of Castilla, such as Sevilla, Córdoba and Toledo, and the Crown of Aragón, such as Valencia, Mallorca and Barcelona.
  • Period: 1400 to 1500

    Castilla y Leon

    The 14th and 15th centuries were marked by conflicts between Christian kingdoms and civil wars caused by rivalry between the nobility and the monarchy.
    On one hand, nobles sought to protect and increase their privileges. On the other hand, kings, usually with the support of the towns, wanted to restrict the power of the nobility, although they still needed their military support. In the end, kings reinforced their authority, but in exchange had to grant financial concessions to the nobility.ç
  • Period: 1410 to 1412

    Aragón

    In the Crown of Aragón, King Martín I died without an heir in 1410. Therefore, in 1412, representatives of institutions from every state in the Crown were convened to choose a new king. The resolution reached at this meeting, the Compromise of Caspe, meant that the House of Trastámara was put in place to rule Aragón.
  • 1492

    THE CORTES ESTAMENTALES AND PACTISMO REACH A PEAK

    The Nasrid Kingdom of Granada lasted until 1492. It had a good economic situation, although it lost some territories close to the Strait of Gibraltar, such as Algeciras.