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after the last Etruscan king that ruled Rome was overthrown. Rome's next government served as a representative democracy in the form of a republic. Initially, Rome's wealthiest families, the patricians, held power and only they could hold political or religious offices.
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Athens defeated the Persians at the battle of Marathon. Miltiades weakened the center of his outnumbered force to strengthen its wings, causing confusion among the invading Persians. His strategy was victorious over the Persians' strength, and the victory of “the Marathon men” captured the collective imagination of the Greeks.
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Pericles leads a Greeks "golden age." A time of peace, prosperity, and happiness, often when cultural activities like art or writing reach a peak.
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War between ancient Greece between Athens and Sparta. This war shifted power from Athens to Sparta, making Sparta the most powerful city-state in the region.
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Rome became the dominant navy in the Mediterranean Sea, Carthage had to pay for war damages, and Rome took control of all of the Carthaginian lands on the island of Sicily.
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Romans introduce the Magna Mater sect into the city
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Julius Ceaser become the first dictator of Rome. Julius Ceasar emerges victorious and declares himself ruler of Rome
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Jesus was born to a family from a village called Nazareth, near the Sea of Galilee.
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Cult of Isis gains following among Roman elites; cult of Mithras gains following in the army.
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Muhammad found Islam.The first revelation to the prophet Muhammad at the age of 40. Muhammad and his followers spread the teachings of Islam throughout the Arabian peninsula.