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Plessy v. Ferguson
"Separate but Equal" An African American man and was removed from a train because he refused to sit in the segregated train. The Supreme Court ruled that separate but equal facilities for blacks and whites did not violate the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments. -
Brown v. the Board of Education, Topeka
Oliver Brown's child was denied access to Topeka's white schools. Sighting the Constitution's Equal Protection Clause, Brown said the black and white schools were not equal and never could be. The federal district court dismissed his claim. Brown appealed to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that "separate but equal has no place in public education" and that "separate facilities are inherently unequal." -
Title IV
Part of the Higher Education Act, Title IV is a term that refers to federal financial aid funds. Federal regulations state that any federal funds disbursed to a student's account in excess of allowable charges must be delivered to the student. This includes all loans, grants and work study a student might do. -
Education of all Handicapped Children Act
The US Congress established that all school districts are responsible for education "in the least restrictive environment for all children, regardless of handicapping condition." This ensures that handicapped children in public schools will get one free meal each school day and and will have just access to an education. The schools that must provide this are those that accept federal funds for operations. -
Plyler v. Doe
A group of migrant farm workers in Texas sued the state for not allowing their children to attend school. The Supreme Court ruled that all children, regardless of immigration status, are guaranteed access to a K-12 public education.
