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South Carolina Secedes
South Carolina secedes once Lincoln is elected President.
Followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina etc.
This led to the creation of the Confederate States of America. -
Election of Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln's victory in 1860 alarmed southern defenders of slavery to the point where leading politicial figures in the South were prepared to secede. Gave South Carolinians an excuse to secede. Created an upheaval because the Northern Republicans had an advantage in many areas. -Free-Soilers -Nonextension of slavery -Protective Tariff (Northern Manufacturers) -No abridgment of rights (Immigrants) -Pacific Railroad (Northerners) -
Battle of Fort Sumter
Site of the opening engagement of the Civil War. Sumter was one of the only two forts in the South still under Union control when Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861. Lincoln planned to send supplies to Fort Sumter in order to reinforce it. Confederate General Beauregard demanded that Anderson surrender, but he refused. This led to the Confederate Army bombarding the fort and Congress declared war on the Confederacy the next day. -
Battle of Bull Run
Lincoln expected a quick victory and as a result, the Union army was on their way to Washington for an ill prepare battle with the Confederates. The Confederate reinforcements arrived unexpectedly and caused Union troops to panic. Many Union troops fled with shameful confusion, resulting in a Confederate victory. -
Monitor and the Merrimac
First engagement ever between teo iron-clad naval vessels. Battled in the Chesapeake Bay known as the Hampton Roads ending in a draw.
Monito-Union
Merrimac-Confederacy Lasted for five hours. -
Battle of Shiloh
One of the major early engagements of the American Civil War. The Confederates launched a surprise attack on the Union forces in Tennessee. The Confederates were unable to hold their positions and were forced back, resulting in a Union victory. -
Battle and Capture of New Orleans
A naval action by the Union forces seeking to capture the New Orleans during the Civil War. 43 Union ships entered the Mississippi River to New Orleans and created a defense towards the Confederacy. Confederate General Mansfield Lovell withdrew his troops. Union troops took command of the city. -
Battle of Antietam
Robert E. Lee was bolded by his successes from prior battles and because of this he went into Maryland in hopes of striking a blow that would cause foreign intervention. When two Union soldiers found a copy of Lee's battle plans, the Union was able to take control of the battle. Lee was halted and forced to surrender, resulting in one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War. -
Emancipation Proclammation
Lincoln freed all slaves in the Confederacy, but the freedom was not extended to border states. Occurred after the Northern victory at the Battle of Antietam. The Confederate States of America had no effect to the Proclammation because they were their own government. -
Battle of Fredricksburg
One of the largest and deadliest battles of the Civil War. General Burnside was commander of the Army of the Potomac and order his troops to cross the Rappahannock River.
They attacked Robert E. Lee's troops left and right.
The Confederates were able to turn around the assault with heavy casualties. -
Battle of Gettysburg
Robert E. Lee and his troops wanted to invade the North again in order to add strength to the peace prodders in the North and encourage foreign intervention.
Union General George G. Meade took his men near Gettysburg, Pennyslvania.
They were lockied in a furious combat for three days until General George Pickett's charge won the battle. -
Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan
Reconstruction plan that states that Former Confederate States would be readmitted to the Union if 10% took a loyalty oath.
The State also had to agree to ratify the 13th Amendment.
Lincoln was assinated before it was able to be put into effect.
Included pardons for all Confederate soldiers and officers, appointed military governors for the conquered staes and fell short of offering and rights to the slave population. -
Wade-Davis Bill
Declared that the Reconstruction of the South was a legislative, not executive, matter. It was an attempt to weaken the power of the president. When Lincoln vetoed it Wade-Davis Manifesto said Lincoln was acting like a dictator. -
Ku Klux Klan
Founded in Tennessee, a group of Southern whites restorted to savage measures against "radical" rule.
Resented the success and ability of black legislators as much as they resented alleged "corruption".
Besheeted nightriders who would approach the cabin of an "upstart" black and frighten them. -
Radical Republican Plan
Reconstruction Plan
Wanted to punish the South and make them similar to the North.
Included the guarantee of political rights to X slaves.
Created the 14th and 15th Amendments.
Protected free blacks and their right to vote. -
Tenur of Office Act
Enacted by Radical Republicans.
Forbade the president from removing civil officers without censent of the Senate.
Meant to prevent Johnson from removing radicals from office.
Johnson made some efforts to remove Edwin Stanton, which was a vilation of the Tenure of Office Act and led to the impeachment of the president. -
Johnson's Impeachment
First time in history for the House of Representatives to impeach a President.
Democrat, Andrew Johnson was impeached because he continually blocked enforcement of the Reconstruction Acts. He believed the Acts were wrong and unconstitutional.
He publicly expressed his defiance of the Radical Republicans. -
14th Amendment
Occurred through the Radical Republican Plan.
Stated that not only are slaves free, they are also citizens.
Considered a reconstruction amendment.
Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States. -
Election of 1876
Hayes and Tilden Rutherford B. Hayes: Republican
Civil War general
165 electoral votes Samuel J. Tilden: Democrat
264,000 more popular votes than Hayes
184 of the 185 electoral votes To break the electoral deadlock, Congress sets up a 15- member Electoral Commission. Balance favored Republicans 8-7 and commission decided that Hayes was the winner. -
Compromise of 1877
The election of 1876 was very close, but the votes in several States were contested on charges of fraud. The results were given to the House of Representatives which created a dispute to determine the winner.
Rutherford B. Hayes- (Republican) Internal Improvements in the South and removing federal troops from the region.
At last reunified a a modern nation-state led by corporate and industrial interests.
