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Nov 25, 1498
Christopher Columbus and Alonso de Ojeda visit Venezuela, which is inhabited by Carib, Arawak and Chibcha peoples.
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Nov 25, 1521
Spanish colonisation begins on the north-east coast.
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First rebellion against Spanish colonial rule.
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Venezuelan patriots take advantage of Napoleon Bonaparte's invasion of Spain to declare independence.
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Independence Act signed.
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Venezuela secedes from Gran Colombia and becomes an independent republic with its capital at Caracas.
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Venezuela governed by Antonio Guzman Blanco, who attracts foreign investment, modernises infrastructure and develops agriculture and education.
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Admiral Wolfgang Larrazabal ousts Marcos Perez Jimenez; leftist Romulo Betancourt of the Democratic Action Party (AD) wins democratic presidential election.
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Movement of the Revolutionary Left splits from AD and commences anti-government work.
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Venezuela's first presidential handover from one civilian to another takes place when Dr Raul Leoni (AD) is elected president.
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Venezuela benefits from oil boom and its currency peaks against the US dollar; oil and steel industries nationalised.
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Fall in world oil prices generates unrest and cuts in welfare spending; Dr Jaime Lusinchi (AD) elected president and signs pact involving government, trade unions and business.
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Hugo Chavez Elected President
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Floods & Mudslides
Floods and mudslides hit the north and kill thousands -
Hugo Chavez wins another 6 years in office