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Timeline Entries
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The first American colonies
The colonies were created since many European countries wanted to become rich and be informed about the world’s problems. Most people settled in the New World because in their country they got bullied about their religious beliefs. The first English colony was invented in 1607 in Jamestown Virginia North America. From this event the short term effect was that it gave people rights such as freedom. The long term effect was that people were able to discover the American colonies. -
The Enlightenment
The enlightenment was a period which first began in the 17th through to the 18th century.The enlightenment created reason, criticism and freedom. The enlightenment changed people’s beliefs in religion, superstition and untrue faiths. During the enlightenment people mainly used reason to solve their problems.The short term effect was that the enlightenment made people believe in information that was fact instead of fiction. The long term effect was that science proved theories. -
Indigenous Person- Pemulwuy
Pemulway was born during 1750 in Botany Bay, NSW. After 1792 Pemulwuy attacked settlers at Prospect, Toongabbie, Georges River, Parramatta, Brickfield Hill and Hawkesbury River. Settlers hated Pemulway since he stole their properties. 1st of June 1802 Henry Hacking killed him by cutting his head off, Pemulwuy led resistance attacks on the settlers. The short term effect was that the attacks still resumed after his death. The long term effect was that he was known as our first
resistance leader. -
John Caesar
In 1786 John Caesar worked and lived in the parish of St Paul Deptford England. 13th March 1786 at Kent Caesar received seven years transportation from stealing 240 shillings.
After being involuntary migrated to Australia he arrived at Botany Bay on the 19th January 1788. 29th April 1789 he received a second transportation except he escaped into the bush. The short term effect was that he was known as a robber. The long term effect was that Caesar was remembered as Australia’s first bushranger. -
Thomas Rose
In 1792 Thomas Rose, his wife Jane and family voluntary migrated to Australia, since farmers were needed. After voyaging on the Bellona the family arrived in Sydney on the 16th of January 1793. The family settled in many areas including Liberty Plains, Prospect and the Hawkesbury River in Wilberforce. Until Thomas’s death on the 15th November 1833 he lived in Wilberforce. The short term effect was that Thomas made the colony talkative. The long term effect was that he was known as a hard worker. -
Free settlers to Australia
The first free settlers to Australia were five single men and two families. After travelling on the Bellona from England they arrived in Sydney on the 16th January 1793. The pull factor for free settlers was that the convicts would demolish and clean the land. Past the Blue Mountains there was quality farmland which attracted many English settlers. The short term effect was that Australia gained new citizens. The long term effect was that the population grew since Australia had enough space. -
The Railways
During the 19th and 20th century steam locomotives moved passengers and freight. The first steam locomotive known as the Rocket was created by George Stephenson in 1814, that travelled up to 40km/h. It travelled along the line from Liverpool to Manchester. By 1831 the railway transported not only freight but nearly a million passengers yearly. The short term effect was that the locomotives became faster and more powerful. The long term effect was that diesel and electric trains were used more. -
Steamships
Sailing ships moved people and goods across the ocean in the 1830’s, which was a long process when travelling between Britain and North America. Isabard Kingdom Brunel helped this problem by creating steam engines, which cut the travelling time because they were powered by coal. The short term effect was that steamships gained entry to raw materials and markets. The long term effect was that by 1904 they moved goods from Australia to export markets. -
South Australia
1831 after Charles Sturt’s discovery of SA the land became a colony, but only free settlers could settle on the land. 1832 William Light was surveyor-general who planned the layout and design for the city of Adelaide. By 1835 the colony gained more residents, two wailing stations and grape vines. 1841 the wine industry was created in South Australia. Short term effect: This discovery had motivated the exploration into Australia’s centre. Long term effect: The wine industry became successful. -
Australian Wool Exports
By 1838 Australia was producing two million kilograms of wool yearly, which was frequently sent to England and Japan. 1830 - 1850 the price of Australian wool exports raised from £2 million to £41 million. During 1852 French and Belgian companies created business’s in Australia, to obtain sales with wool manufactures. The short term effect was that it gave many Australians jobs that were sustainable. The long term effect was that Australia became well known by other countries
from their wool. -
1850 - 1890 Growth of Trade Unionism in Australia
Between 1850 and 1890 there weren't enough workers therefore to gain employees bosses offered high wages and good environments. At this time trade unions were created so workers could obtain fair working conditions and wage rates, which enable them to strike or stop work. These unions knew what Australian workers desired such as fair working hours and paid holidays. The short term effect was that bosses understood the needs of workers. The long term effect was employers met expectations. -
The Eight Hour Day
In the 18th century Australian employees worked between ten and twelve hours daily six days a week. Every day they felt tired and stressed in result during the late 1850s the public came to conclusion, that everyone deserves eight hours sleep, eight hours recreation and eight hours work. Each year to celebrate our great working conditions labour day is commemorated. The short term effect was that people received more relaxation time. The long term effect was that we received a quality lifestyle. -
Shaping a Nation
1901 the laws that passed parliament suggested that the public wanted racial purity in Australia. Only British Immigrants could settle in Australia. Laws which were passed included the pension for the disabled or fragile, compensation for ill workers and maternity leave. Australia stereotyped the Aboriginal and non-European citizens. Short term effect - 1901 instead of being joined by six British colonies Australia became a nation. Long term effect -Australia was known as a supportive country. -
Gallipoli
1914 at the start of WWI after training near Cairo Australian soldiers arrived at the Gallipoli peninsula. They helped the British naval operation capture the Dardanelles Strait and Constantinople. 25th April 1915 the Australian soldiers landed on Anzac Cove, from the stalemate during the 19th/20th of December, they were evacuated. The short term effect was that on the 25th April 1916 citizens remembered the battle at Gallipoli.The long term effect was that the landing was a feature of courage. -
The Western Front
WWI was a European war in 1915 at the end of the Gallipoli campaign Australians battled at the Western front. At the start of war the German armies goal was to defeat France, by defeating Russia and then stealing Paris.On the Western Front the Australian soldiers trenches were littered with boxes,wire and dead people.The weather was cold and the soldiers only got two blankets each.The short term effect was the Australians were mourning. The long term effect was that it left conflicts on society. -
Anzac Day
Australia supported the war since it was part of the British Empire. 1914 as war started people’s views altered as they discovered the troubles at Gallipoli and the Western Front. The battled had physically and mentally scared soldiers. Each year Australia celebrates Anzac Day which was first held on the 25th April 1916, on that day we remember the Australian soldiers. The short term effect was that social and political changes were made. The long term effect was that Anzac Day became a holiday. -
The civil rights movement
The civil rights movement in the USA was a protest movement before the law Africian- Americans wanted rights, which allowed black people to vote and attend school. March 1963 300,000 people attended the biggest civil rights protest in Washington, that was supported by Martin Luther King Jr. This event led to the approval of the USA Civil Rights Act in 1964. Short Term - it created social equality since it altered the way races judged themselves. Long term - the African people felt valued. -
1770 - 1830 Roads
In Britain during the Industrial Revolution between 1770 and 1830 Turnpike trusts maintained the quality of roads. Roads were high quality because the trust had the benefit of lending money. To repay the debts the Turnpike trusts created tolls which gave them money when occupants used the road. The short term effect was that by 1800 the trust had created straighter, flatter and stronger roads. The long term effect was that the government became in charge of maintaining road conditions.
