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+1 (VE-Day) - part 2
"In Halifax and Dartmouth, however, the celebrating got out of hand, resulting in the VE-Day riots. Widespread looting, violence and vandalism were seen in both cities, which were equally exhausted by their wartime role. The events marred an otherwise joyful day for most Canadians."(VE-Day(Victory in Europe) -
+1 (VE-Day)
A reason that this is a +1 is: Most towns across Canada celebrated the unconditional surrender of Germany in the battle of Europe during World war two. "Germany's unconditional surrender. In cities and towns across Canada, a war-weary nation expressed its joy and relief at the news."(VE-Day(Victory in Europe). Secondly the reason this isn't a +2 is that there were a few riots caused by celebration getting out of hand and looting, violence and vandalism occurred in Halifax and Dartmouth. -
-1 Korean War 1950 - 1953
This is a -1 because it is including another war and making people feel a military absence in their own country, Canada has sent three Royal Canadian Navy destroyers (HMCS Athabaskan, HMCS Cayuga, and HMCS Sioux) and a RCAF transport squadron, (No.426 "Thunderbird"). "Canada contributed three Royal Canadian Navy destroyers (HMCS Athabaskan, HMCS Cayuga, and HMCS Sioux) and a Royal Canadian Air Force transport squadron, No. 426 “Thunderbird” Squadron."(Korean War). -
-1 Korean War part 2
Soldiers felt they were doing something really repetitive as the Korean war became largely a "war of patrols" where they take turns to protect UN aircraft carriers, and taking over enemy trains along the coast. "In May 1951, the rest of the Canadian brigade arrived. For the army, the Korean War became largely a “war of patrols” in rough, mountainous terrain, and Hill 187, among many other actions. Eight Canadian warships took turns in Korean waters protecting UN aircraft carriers." (Korean War). -
-2 FLQ
The FLQ event is a -2 as it was responsible for more then 200 bombings, many robberies between 1963-1970, the kidnapping of British trade commissioner James Cross, and the murder of Quebec cabinet minister Pierre LaPorte and it became known as the October crisis. "FLQ members were responsible for more than 200 bombings and dozens of robberies between 1963 and 1970 that left six people dead. Their actions culminated in the kidnapping of British trade commissioner James Cross and the kidnapping a- -
-2 FLQ part 2
-nd subsequent murder of Quebec cabinet minister Pierre Laporte." (Front de libération du Quebec). It invoked fear among people and the FLQ hoped that the Quebecers would follow their lead and overthrow their government. "Their objective was to destroy the influence of English colonialism by attacking its symbols. They hoped that Quebecers would follow their example and overthrow their colonial oppressors." (Front de libération du Quebec). -
-1 Auto Pact part 3
-the production and value that Canada added were meant to be temporary, when Canada told them they were permanent. "But the Canadian surpluses became a major irritant in the United States. The American view was that the safeguards Canada maintained on the production/sales ratio and value-added minimums were meant to be temporary, while Canada insisted they were permanent." (Canada-US Auto Pact). -
-1 Auto Pact
This is a +1 because the Auto Pact was created to deal with chronic trade and current account deficits in the early 1960s. Building a more competitive automotive industry was seen as a crucial part of improving Canada's poor economy. "The Auto Pact was a compromise agreement between Canada and the United States, triggered by Canadian efforts to deal with chronic trade and current account deficits in the early 1960s." (Canada-US Auto Pact). -
-1 Auto Pact part 2
In 1964 Canada had a $600 million auto trade deficit. Canada produced about 7% of the Canada/USA auto output and only accounted for 1% of US sales. "n 1964, Canada had a roughly $600-million auto trade deficit with the United States. Canada was producing about 7 percent of Canada/US auto output but accounted for less than 1 percent of US sales around this time." (Canada-US Auto Pact) The result of the Auto Pact was an upset USA as they saw the situation as the safeguards Canada maintained on- -
+2 Multiculturalism and Canada
This is a +2 is because Canada became the first country in the world to have an official multiculturalism policy. It was to preserve cultural freedoms and recognize diverse groups in Canada's society. "In 1971, Canada became the first country in the world to adopt an official multiculturalism policy. It was meant to preserve cultural freedoms and recognize the contributions of diverse groups to Canadian society." (A Place to Belong: A History of Multiculturalism in Canada Podcast Series). -
+2 Multiculturalism and Canada part 2
Ethnicity multiculturalism came into play in the 1970s and was introduced to provide support for ethno-cultural expressions. "During the early 1970s, financial assistance was extended to certain ethno-cultural organizations for the promotion of cultural heritage. Modest support was provided for folkloric and artistic ethno-cultural expression." (Multiculturalism). Equity or rights based multi culturalism was introduced in the early 1980s. The shift in demographics called for a rethink for multi- -
+2 Multiculturalism and Canada part 3
-cultural policies to focus on the need to stop discrimination. "The ensuing shift in demographics prompted calls to rethink multicultural policies with a focus on the need to combat discrimination. There were also calls to move away from supporting the cultural and/or folkloric expression of ethnic groups. As a result, equity or rights-based multiculturalism increasingly defined the policies and programs of the 1980s." (Multiculturalism).