Timeline Alejandro Durá

  • 991

    Guido d’Arezzo

    Guido d’Arezzo
    Italian music theorist. Guido d'Arezzo was a Benedictine monk who has gone down in the history of music as one of the most important reformers of the musical notation system.
  • 1098

    Hildegard von Bingen

    Hildegard von Bingen
    Hildegard of Bingen was a German Benedictine abbess and polymath saint, active as a composer, writer, philosopher, scientist, naturalist, physician, mystic, monastic leader and prophetess during the Middle Ages.
  • 1150

    Leonin

    Con Pérotin, llamado el Grande, y Robert de Sabilon, fueron los tres maestros que colaboraron en la escuela de París.
  • Period: 1150 to 1320

    Ars antiqua

    Ars antiqua, is a term used by modern scholars to refer to the Medieval music of Europe during the High Middle Ages, between approximately 1150 and 1320.
  • 1160

    Perotin

    Pérotin also called Perotin the Great, was a European composer, believed to be French, who lived around the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century. He was the most famous member of the Notre Dame school of polyphony and the ars antiqua style.
  • 1221

    Alfonso X el Sabio

    Alfonso X, conocido como el Sabio, era hijo del monarca castellano-leonés Fernando III y de su esposa la princesa alemana Beatriz de Suabia. Alfonso X fue rey de Castilla y León entre los años 1252, fecha de la muerte de su padre, y 1284, año de su muerte.
  • 1300

    Guillaume de Machaut

    Guillaume de Machaut
    Guillaume de Machaut was a French cleric, poet and medieval composer. His projection was enormous and he is historically the maximum representative of the movement known as Ars nova, being considered the most famous composer of the 14th century.
  • Period: 1320 to 1400

    Ars nova

    The Ars Nova was a musical style that flourished mainly in France and Italy during the late Middle Ages in the 14th century. This type of music developed mainly in prestigious environments, such as universities, stately courts and the church.
  • 1325

    Francesco Landini

    Francesco Landini
    Francesco Landini is one of the greatest composers of the Italian ars nova in the 14th century. In the Middle Ages, written polyphony emerged in Italy until around 1330 in the northern cities, where Florence became one of the most active musical centers.
  • 1400

    Johannes Gutenberg

    Johannes Gutenberg
    The German city of Mainz, with its imposing cathedral, was both the city where the inventor was born and the place where Gutenberg developed the printing press.
  • Period: 1400 to

    Renassaince

    Fifteenth century, great social, cultural and religious
    transformations took place in Europe that gave way to a new era. It was
    called the Renaissance, because it was intended to "reborn" the ideas of
    the ancient Greeks and Romans.
  • 1440

    Printing Press

    Printing Press
    In 1455, most probably, the first masterpiece of the new art was completed: the famous "42-line" Bible, so called because this is the most frequent number of lines per column in each of its 1,280 pages.
  • 1468

    Juan del Encina

    Juan del Encina
    Juan de Fermoselle Encina; (Encinas, Spain, 1469-León, id., 1529) Spanish poet, musician and playwright.
  • 1483

    Martín Lutero

    Martín Lutero
    Martin Luther, born Martin Luder, was an Augustinian theologian, philosopher and Catholic friar who started and promoted the Protestant Reformation in Germany and whose teachings inspired the theological and cultural doctrine known as Lutheranism.
  • 1500

    Cristóbal de Morales

    Cristóbal de Morales
    Morales composed a large amount of music—the vast majority Latin liturgical compositions—that were steadily issued during his lifetime from music presses
  • 1510

    Antonio de Cabezón

    Antonio de Cabezón was a Spanish Renaissance composer and organist. Blind from childhood, he quickly rose to prominence as a performer and was eventually employed by the royal family.
  • 1525

    Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

    Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
    Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina was an Italian composer of late Renaissance music. The central representative of the Roman School, with Orlande de Lassus and Tomás Luis de Victoria, Palestrina is considered the leading composer of late 16th-century Europe.
  • 1532

    Orlando di Lasso

    Orlando di Lasso
    (Mons, present-day Belgium, 1532 - Munich, 1594) Franco-Flemish composer. Also known as Roland de Lassus or Roland de Lattre, his name completes the great triad of 16th century polyphonic music
  • 1533

    Andrea Gabrieli

    Andrea Gabrieli
    His style, modeled around that of Lasso, resorts in his early years to the technique of imitation. Homophony is imposed in his maturity, where his extraordinary counterpustantial solidity is also present. His works are generally lighter, but less emotional, than those of his contemporaries, being one of the first Italians to occupy important positions in the Basilica of St. Mark.
  • 1544

    Maddalena Casulana

    Maddalena Casulana
    Maddalena Casulana was an Italian composer, lutenist and singer of the late Renaissance. She is the first female composer to have had a whole book of her music printed and published in the history of western music.
  • 1548

    Tomás Luis de Victoria

    Tomás Luis de Victoria
    Tomás Luis de Victoria was a Catholic priest, chapel master and famous polyphonic composer of the Spanish Renaissance.
  • 1557

    Giovanni Gabrieli

    Giovanni Gabrieli
    Giovanni Gabrieli ( c. 1554/1557 – 12 August 1612) was an Italian composer and organist. He was one of the most influential musicians of his time, and represents the culmination of the style of the Venetian School, at the time of the shift from Renaissance to Baroque idioms.
  • 1566

    Carlo Gesualdo

    Carlo Gesualdo
    Carlo Gesualdo (1566-1613) was Prince of Venosa and Count of Conza.
    He was a great-nephew of Pope Pius IV and nephew of St. Charles Borromeo.
  • 1567

    Claudio Monteverdi

    Claudio Monteverdi
    Monteverdi wrote nine books full of madrigals, vocal pieces that put the message of the poetry ahead of musical convention.
  • Giacomo Carissimi

    Giacomo Carissimi
    He was an Italian composer and music teacher. He is one of the most celebrated masters of the early Baroque or, more accurately, the Roman School of music.
  • Barbara Strozzi

    Barbara Strozzi
    Barbara Strozzi was the adopted daughter—and likely the illegitimate child—of the poet Giulio Strozzi; her mother, Isabella Garzoni, was a “long-time servant” in Giulio’s household.
  • Antonio Stradivarius

    Antonio Stradivarius
    Born in about 1644 in Cremona in the Lombardy region of Italy, it's estimated he made over 1,000 instruments in his lifetime, most of which were violins. Approximately 650 have survived, including an estimated 450 to 512 violins.
  • Henry Purcel

    Henry Purcel
    Purcell's interest in music began when he was a young child. Rumour has it that he composed well at the age of 9. His earliest work is an ode for King Charles' birthday in 1670.
  • George Philipp Telemann

    George Philipp Telemann
    He was one of music’s most prolific composers, writing in excess of 3,000 works, or almost three times as many as Bach and five times as many as Mozart. His stylistic range is incredible too, able to write equally proficiently in the French, Italian and German styles.
  • Antonio Vivaldi

    Antonio Vivaldi
    The young Antonio used to play the violin with his father, Giovanni Battista Vivaldi. Giovanni was a professional violinist who also doubled up as a barber.
    During his father’s career, Antonio would accompany him on his performances and concert trips.
  • Georg Friedrich Händel

    Georg Friedrich Händel
    Born in Halle, Germany, in 1685, George Frideric Handel was among the greatest composers of the Baroque era. His walking style and large stature earned him the nickname “the Great Bear.” Handel’s operas, organ concertos, oratorios, and anthems made him famous.
  • Johann Sebastian Bach

    Johann Sebastian Bach
    Johann Sebastian Bach was a renowned composer and musician who lived between 1685 and 1750. He is one of the most celebrated composers of all time and regularly tops lists of the greatest composer of all time.
  • IPhone invention

    IPhone invention
    Haha, no, not really 😄
  • Gluck

    Gluck
    Christoph Willibald Gluck, later Ritter (knight) von Gluck, (born July 2, 1714, Erasbach, Upper Palatinate, Bavaria—died Nov. 15, 1787, Vienna, Austria), German opera composer. Son of a forester, he ran away to study music in Prague.
  • - Nannerl Mozart

    -	Nannerl Mozart
    Mozart's sister Maria Anna, called "Nannerl" is born at midnight on 31 July. She is the fourth and first surviving child of the couple. This therefore states a birth at midnight between 30 and 31 July.
  • - W.A. Mozart

    -	W.A. Mozart
    Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era. He was born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, which is now in modern-day Austria, and he died on December 5, 1791, in Vienna, Austria.
  • - Maria Theresia Von Paradis

    -	Maria Theresia Von Paradis
    Born in Vienna on May 15, 1759; died in Vienna on February 1, 1824; daughter of the imperial secretary in the court of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria (1719–1780); studied with Leopold Kuzeluch and Vincenzo Righini. At age two or three, Maria Theresia von Paradis became completely blind.
  • Beethoven

    Beethoven
    Widely regarded as the greatest composer who ever lived, Ludwig van Beethoven dominates a period of musical history as no one else before or since. Rooted in the Classical traditions of Joseph Haydn and Mozart, his art reaches out to encompass the new spirit of humanism and incipient nationalism expressed in the works of Goethe and Friedrich von Schiller.
  • Rossini

    Rossini
    Gioachino Rossini (born February 29, 1792, Pesaro, Papal States [Italy]—died November 13, 1868, Passy, near Paris, France) Italian composer noted for his operas, particularly his comic operas, of which The Barber of Seville (1816), Cinderella (1817), and Semiramide (1823) are among the best known.
  • - J. Haydn

    -	J. Haydn
    He left the choir after his voice was described thusly by Habsburg Empress Maria Theresa: "That boy doesn't sing, he crows!" Haydn then cut the pigtail of another boy chorister and was then caned in public.
  • - Schubert

    -	Schubert
    Franz Schubert was born in Vienna in 1797. By the time he died in 1828, aged only 31, he had left a substantial body of work, most of it written within the astonishingly short period of about 14 years.
  • Berlioz

    Berlioz
    Hector Berlioz, (born Dec. 11, 1803, La Côte-Saint-André, France—died March 8, 1869, Paris), French composer.
  • Mendelssohn

    Mendelssohn
    Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy[n 1] (3 February 1809 – 4 November 1847), widely known as Felix Mendelssohn,[n 2] was a German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early Romantic period. Mendelssohn's compositions include symphonies, concertos, piano music, organ music and chamber music.
  • Schumann

    Schumann
    Robert Schumann (born June 8, 1810, Zwickau, Saxony [Germany]—died July 29, 1856, Endenich, near Bonn, Prussia [Germany]) German Romantic composer renowned particularly for his piano music, songs (lieder), and orchestral music.
  • Chopin

    Chopin
    Frédéric Chopin (born March 1, 1810 [see Researcher's Note: Chopin's birth date], Żelazowa Wola, near Warsaw, Duchy of Warsaw [now in Poland]—died October 17, 1849, Paris, France)
  • Verdi

    Verdi
    Giuseppe Verdi (born October 9/10, 1813, Roncole, near Busseto, duchy of Parma [Italy]—died January 27, 1901, Milan, Italy) leading Italian composer of opera in the 19th century, noted for operas such as Rigoletto (1851)
  • Listz

    Listz
    Franz Liszt (born October 22, 1811, Doborján, kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire [now Raiding, Austria]—died July 31, 1886, Bayreuth, Germany) Hungarian piano virtuoso and composer.
  • Wagner

    Wagner
    Richard Wagner was born on 22nd May 1813 in Leipzig, Germany, the ninth child born to mother, Johanna, and father, Carl, a clerk in the police service.
  • Clara Schumann

    Clara Schumann
    Clara Schumann (born Sept. 13, 1819, Leipzig, Saxony [Germany]—died May 20, 1896, Frankfurt am Main, Ger.) German pianist, composer, and wife of composer Robert Schumann.
  • Smetana

    Smetana
    Bedřich Smetana was born on March 2, 1824, in Leitomischl, Bohemia, Austrian Empire (now Litomyšl, Czech Republic). His first music teacher was his father, an amateur violinist.
  • Brahms

    Brahms
    Johannes Brahms (born May 7, 1833, Hamburg [Germany]—died April 3, 1897, Vienna, Austria-Hungary [now in Austria]) was a German composer and pianist of the Romantic period, who wrote symphonies, concerti, chamber music, piano works, choral compositions, and more than 200 songs.
  • Modest Mussorgsky

    Modest Mussorgsky
    was a Russian composer, one of the group known as "The Five". He was an innovator of Russian music in the Romantic period. He strove to achieve a uniquely Russian musical identity, often in deliberate defiance of the established conventions of Western music.
  • Tchaikovsky

    Tchaikovsky
    was a Russian composer of the Romantic period. He was the first Russian composer whose music would make a lasting impression internationally.
  • Dvorak

    Dvorak
    Antonín Dvořák (born September 8, 1841, Nelahozeves, Bohemia, Austrian Empire [now in Czech Republic]—died May 1, 1904, Prague) was the first Bohemian composer to achieve worldwide recognition, noted for turning folk material into 19th-century Romantic music.
  • Grieg

    Grieg
    Edvard Grieg (born June 15, 1843, Bergen, Nor. —died Sept. 4, 1907, Bergen) composer who was a founder of the Norwegian nationalist school of music.
  • Rimski Korsakov

    Rimski Korsakov
    Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, (born March 6 [March 18, New Style], 1844, Tikhvin, near Novgorod, Russia—died June 8 [June 21], 1908, Lyubensk), Russian composer, teacher, and editor who was at his best in descriptive orchestrations suggesting a mood or a place.
  • Puccini

    Puccini
    Giacomo Puccini (born December 22, 1858, Lucca, Tuscany [Italy]—died November 29, 1924, Brussels, Belgium) Italian composer, one of the greatest exponents of operatic realism, who virtually brought the history of Italian opera to an end.
  • Gustav Mahler

    Gustav Mahler
    Mahler was born on July 7, 1860, in the Bohemian village of Kalischt, to a poor family of Moravian Jews. His father, Bernhard, ran a ramshackle distillery, and regularly thrashed his children and Mahler's mother, Marie.
  • Hugo Wolf

    Hugo Wolf
    Hugo Philipp Jakob Wolf was born on March 13, 1860, in Windischgraz, Austria (now Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia). His father, who had taught himself to play a number of instruments, gave him violin and piano lessons when he was still a small boy.
  • Debussy

    Debussy
    Born to a family of modest means and little cultural involvement, Debussy showed enough musical talent to be admitted at the age of ten to France's leading music college, the Conservatoire de Paris. He originally studied the piano,
  • Schönberg

    Schönberg
    Schoenberg's approach, both in terms of harmony and development, has shaped much of 20th-century musical thought. Many composers from at least three generations have consciously extended his thinking, whereas others have passionately reacted against it.
  • Ravel

    Ravel
    Maurice Ravel (born March 7, 1875, Ciboure, France—died December 28, 1937, Paris) French composer of Swiss-Basque descent, noted for his musical craftsmanship and perfection of form and style in such works as Boléro (1928), Pavane pour une infante défunte (1899; Pavane for a Dead Princess), Rapsodie espagnole (1907)
  • Manuel de Falla

    Manuel de Falla
    Falla had his first music lessons in Cádiz. At first he did not know whether he wanted to take music or literature as a career. When he was ten he started to go to music evenings where he heard chamber music being played. Then he started to go to the opera, and he heard church music and orchestral music. He liked the music of Grieg and decided that he wanted to do something similar with Spanish music.
  • Bartok

    Bartok
    Béla Bartók was born in the Hungarian town of Nagyszentmiklós (now Sînnicolau Mare in Romania) on 25 March 1881, and received his first instruction in music from his mother, a very capable pianist; his father, the headmaster of a local school, was also musical.
  • Joaquín Turina

    Joaquín Turina
    Turina was born in Seville. He studied in Seville as well as in Madrid. He lived in Paris from 1905 to 1914 where he took composition lessons from Vincent d'Indy at the Schola Cantorum de Paris and studied the piano under Moritz Moszkowski. Like his countryman and friend, Manuel de Falla, while in Paris he familiarized himself with the impressionist composers Maurice Ravel and Claude Debussy, whose music had a profound influence on his compositional practice.[2]
  • Stravinsky

    Stravinsky
    Stravinsky was born on 17 June 1882 in the town of Oranienbaum (now Lomonosov), on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, 25 mi (40 km) west of Saint Petersburg.
  • Heitor Villa-Lobos

    Heitor Villa-Lobos
    Heitor Villa-Lobos (March 5, 1887 – November 17, 1959) was a Brazilian composer, conductor, cellist, and classical guitarist described as "the single most significant creative figure in 20th-century Brazilian art music"
  • Gershwin

    Gershwin
    George Gershwin was born in Brooklyn, New York, on 26 September 1898, and began his musical training at thirteen.
  • Kódaly

    Kódaly
    In 1905 he visited remote villages to collect songs, recording them on phonograph cylinders. In 1906 he wrote a thesis on Hungarian folk song, "Strophic Construction in Hungarian Folksong". At around this time Kodály met fellow composer and compatriot Béla Bartók,
  • Messiaen

    Messiaen
    He was an influential French composer, organist, and teacher noted for his use of mystical and religious themes. As a composer he developed a highly personal style noted for its rhythmic complexity, rich tonal colour, and unique harmonic language.
  • Pierre Schaeffer

    Pierre Schaeffer
    Composer, musician, writer, engineer, professor, broadcaster, acoustician, musicologist, record producer, inventor, entrepreneur, cultural critic etc..
  • John Cage

    John Cage
    John Milton Cage Jr.
    (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American composer and music theorist.
  • Pierre Henry

    Pierre Henry
    Pierre Henry was born on 9 December 1927 in Paris, France. He was a composer, known for Altered States (1980), Mean Girls (2004) and I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997). He died on 5 July 2017 in Paris, France.
  • Philipp Glass

    Philipp Glass
    Philip Glass is an American composer of minimalist classical music. He studied at the Juilliard School in New York. His international recognition has grown since the appearance of his opera Einstein on the Beach.
  • Rick Astley´s "She wants to dance with me" =)

    Rick Astley´s "She wants to dance with me" =)
    She wants to dance with me
    'Cause I'll hold her so tight next to me
    She wants to dance with me
    'Cause I'll let her be what she wants to be
    She wants to dance
    She wants to dance
    She wants to dance with me
    'Cause I'll hold her so tight next to me
    She wants to dance with me
    'Cause I'll let her be what she wants to be
  • CLICK ME!!

    CLICK ME!!
    Don´t thrust the miniature. Anyways, did you notice I put the IPHONE in the 1700? 😂