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Creation of the dependent emirate of the Umayyad Caliphate of Dammascus.
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The Muslims came to the Iberian Península and defeated the Visigoths at the battle of Guadalete.
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Abd-al Rahman I escaped from the Abbasids and he establishes an independent emirate of Córdoba
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Abd- Rahman III proclaims the Caliphate of Córdoba and declares himself Caliph.
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The caliphate entered a period of instability which lasted until its disintegration in 1031.
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The caliphate divided and became Taifa kingdoms, which were weak, so they had to pay parias to the Christian kingdoms to stop the invading.
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Alfonso VI captured Toledo from the Muslims.
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The Taifas kingdoms asked for help from the Almoravids (a North African Muslim dynasty)
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The Almohads defeated the Almoravids (they were another North African Musilm dynasty)
They dominated Al-Andalus and they made Sevilla the capital. -
The Christian defeated the Almohads in the battle and the Almohad Empire disintegrated.
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Only the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada was the Muslim territory on the Iberian Península. They paid parias to Castilla to avoid military confrontation.
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The Catholic Monarchs conquered the Nasrid Kingdo of Granada.